New techniques for multiple wavelength fiber laser generation based on edfa and tdfa

Multiple wavelength fiber laser (MWFL) can be a potential source for microwave generation as the conventional microwave generator have several issues in generating high frequency. In order to be such source, the MWFL must have the following criterion; a great number of comb lines, a compact design, adjustable and switchable wavelength spacing, as well as stable MWFL. Four main research studies are successfully demonstrated in efforts to improve the performance of MWFL either based on erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) or thulium doped fiber amplifier (TDFA). The first study is related to a numerical analysis of Brillouin erbium fiber laser (BEFL). In this study, the elements of EDFA and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect are thoroughly investigated. It is found that the optimum length of erbium doped fiber (EDF) is 10 m and the residual waves exist in the forward propagation. These findings successfully generate up to 10 Stokes lines. The second research work is related to an experimental study on the four-wave mixing cascades (FWMC) seeded by a BEFL. In the experiment, the Brillouin pump (BP) wavelength is varied to optimize the number of comb lines. Experimental results show that up to 80 comb lines is generated when the BP wavelength is varied at 1560 nm. In the third research work, an experimental setup of dual-wavelength Brillouin thulium fiber laser (BTFL) with an adjustable Brillouin frequency spacing (BFS) is designed. The proposed design incorporates a micro air gap in the BTFL cavity. This study successfully generates dual wavelength with single-, double-, and triple- BFS which has wavelength spacing of 0.084 nm, 0.166 nm, and 0.254 nm, respectively. The fourth research work is associated with the generation of multiple wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) by splicing single mode fiber (SMF) at both ends of 2.5 m two-mode step index fiber (TMSIF). The proposed scheme successfully generates up to 8 stable laser lines with wavelength spacing of 0.8 nm. Based on the experimental results of BTFL and TDFL, the proposed scheme is able to generate a microwave signals for 10 GHz, 20 GHz, 30 GHz, and 100 GHz region, respectively

Decision-making process framework at the planning phase of housing development project

Every housing development project needs to go through several procedures which consist of a decision-making process. By practising the decision-making process since the planning phase, the relevant decision-maker is assisted in analysing and organising all issues arise such as the problem in identification and selection of a suitable contractor for housing development. However, the decisions are made without knowing precisely what will happen in the future. The research’s primary purpose is to develop a process model for decision-making at Malaysia’s housing development planning phase. This study also examines the decision-making process practised among Malaysian private housing developers at the planning phase and classifies four main aspects of decision-making: methods, tools, criteria and information. The study then discovers whether the four main aspects (methods, tools, criteria and information) are strongly related to the decision making process. This study comprises the development of a theoretical framework by integrating the models that have been developed by numerous authors and researchers on the subject of decision making. Besides, 67 private housing developers have been chosen as respondents for a questionnaire survey in this study. The descriptive statistical analysis and the correlated analysis are conducted employing the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of this study show different findings for every four main aspects studied. However, it still answers the research objectives, and the relationship between the four main aspects of the decision-making process is accepted. This study is useful because it serves as a guide for private housing developers and governments in decision making at the planning phase of housing development. Moreover, this study provides a new process framework for decision making at the planning phase of housing development in Malaysia and assists housing developers and governments to make better predictions before proceeding to the construction phase

A Fuzzy Logic Approach in Modeling and Simulation of a Scheduling System for Hospital Admissions Using ARENA® simulation software

The aim of this project is to develop a simulation model of a scheduling system based on practical situation implemented on ARENA® simulation software. Besides, this project also seeks to incorporate Fuzzy Logic Control in decision making processes. This project mainly focuses to develop a model of a scheduling system for admission of hospital Emergency Department (ED) using ARENA® simulation software

Characterization Of Stonvent Byproduct By Physical And Chemical Analysis

The objective of this project is, to analyze STONVENT byproduct and characterize it by chemical and physical properties. STONVENT byproduct is the precipitate from STONVENT which already absorbs CO2 and already reach the equilibrium condition

Heat Confining Properties of Carbon Dioxide and Other Polyatomic Greenhouse Gases which Potentially Causes Global Warming

An experimental study was conducted to determine the most important greenhouse gas that behaves in a similar way to glass in a greenhouse effect and to study the effect of greenhouse gasses towards environment. Besides, the project also focus on the objectives to investigate the outcome of carbon dioxide (CO2) trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F), and pentane (CH3 (CH2)3CH3) act upon temperature of surroundings. The presence of greenhouse gasses in the environment has become a major threat to plant, animal and human life due to their effect. The projects involved experiment based. Four reflecting mirrors are prepared to fit the bases of the beakers. Carbon dioxide is introduced into one of the beaker using delivery tubes connected to the source. The temperature recorded in this beaker will rise and attain a new steady value. The investigation will be using other gas for instance trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F). The study also will investigate pentane (CH3 (CH2)3CH3) that is vapour of volatile liquids act upon temperature in beaker. The last beaker will be controlled beaker for open air (without gas). The parameters that will be controlled are the distance of photoflood light bulb from the mirror in order to find the temperature increase or decrease. The procedure will be repeated for 20 cm, and 25 cm heights

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Company Size on Company Financial Performance: The Role of Intellectual Capital as Moderating Variable

This research aimed to examine the effect of CSR disclosure and company size on the Company's financial performance with intellectual Capital as a moderator. The population in this research are manufacturing companies registered for the 2019-2021 period. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling method. MRA (Moderated Regression Analysis) was used to answer the hypothesis. This research indicates that CSR disclosure has a positive effect on the Company's financial performance, company size does not affect economic performance, and intellectual Capital has a positive impact on financial performance. Intellectual Capital can moderate the effect of CSR Disclosure on financial performance, and intellectual Capital can moderate the impact of company size on company financial performance. The novelty of this research is to include intellectual Capital as a moderator that strengthens the influence of CSR disclosure and company size on financial performance. The implication of this research is beneficial for the sustainability of the Company, which means that to improve the Company's financial performance, it must have qualified intellectual Capital to encourage CSR disclosure which will also have an impact on increasing the size of the Company.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh dari CSR disclosure, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan dengan intellectual capital sebagai pemoderasi. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar periode 2019-2021. Sampel penelitian ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengujian hipotesis penelitian menggunakan MRA (Moderated Regression Analysis). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CSR disclosure berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan dan  intellectual capital berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan. Intellectual Capital dapat memoderasi pengaruh antara CSR Disclosure terhadap kinerja keuangan dan intellectual capital dapat memoderasi pengaruh ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Kebaruan dari penelitian ini yaitu memasukkan intellectual capital sebagai pemoderasi yang memperkuat pengaruh CSR disclosure dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan. Implikasi penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk keberlangsungan perusahaan yang artinya untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan perusahaan harus memiliki intellectual capital yang qualified sehingga mendorong terjadinya CSR disclosure yang akan berdampak juga pada peningkatan ukuran perusahaan

Public complaints: An instrument to improve services in public institution of higher learning in post modern era. Case study: Student Affairs Department in Universiti Utara Malaysia

Jurgen Habermas dan Anthony Giddens are among other postmodern thinkers have proposed the theory of public sphere and social reflexivity. Because postmodenism has undermined the structure and function of the society and gives extra power to the periphery and individuals, the rise for individual participation in voicing out their need and wants is seen as important so that decision made at the top rung of the society reflect the masses. According to Habermas, in post modern era where tradition is lacking, people are losing trust and confidence in an abstract system – the system governing them beyond their immediate surrounding. To encounter it, citizen should be given power to participate in decision making. Habermas idea is supported by Giddens with his social reflexivity concept that suggests inputting public trust back into social institution. In coherence with this argument, the paper will discuss on the public complaint in public institution which is seen as a way to improve public services. The study is carried out in Student Affairs department in Universiti Utara Malaysia in 2003. The objectives of the study is to measure the level of awareness of the services offered at the Complaint Unit HEP and complaints by the students of the university. The paper will then discuss the findings and suggests ways to improve existing systems so that the quality of service is further enhanced

Synthesis Of Silica Nanocolloids Encapsulated Dyes For Bio-Imaging And Bio-Labeling Applications

Two different types of fluorescent dyes which are 1,1%-dioctadecyl 3,3,3%,3%-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) and fluorescein (Fluo) were encapsulated inside the amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) using micelle entrapment method. 2-butanol which acted as a co-solvent to facilitate hydrolysis reaction during the synthesis process was varied in order to investigate the effect on the particle size. The synthesised samples were analysed and characterised to determine the hydrodynamic size of particles, average particle size and particles morphology, absorbance properties, fluorescence properties and crystallinity of the samples. Spherical and monodispersed nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes ranging from 26.2 to 53.4nm, were obtained when synthesised using 2, 4 and 6 ml volume of co-solvent, 2-butanol respectively. The photostability effect between SiNPs encapsulated with Fluo dye (SiFluo) and SiNPs encapsulated with DiI dye (SiDiI) were conducted. SiDiI showed good photostability effect compared to SiFluo. Therefore, selected particle sizes of SiDiI 30.4, 40.0 and 53.4 nm were further analysed to study the particles stability in different biological medium (NaCl and mouse serum), cytotoxicity and fluorescent cell imaging in living cells, human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). SiDiI with size 53.4 nm showed good photostability with only 11 % of decolourisation and obtained good particles stability in both NaCl solution and mouse serum. The cytotoxicity study showed that cytotoxicity of SiDiI is size dependent whereby SiDiI with size 53.4 nm was less toxic. Furthermore, bright and high contrast fluorescent cell images of MCF-7 treated with SiDiI with size 53.4 nm was observed

KESULITAN BELAJAR PERPAJAKAN BERPENGARUH TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI DALAM MATA KULIAH PERPAJAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui signifikan pengaruh kesulitan belajar perpajakan terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Populasi pada penelitian adalah mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis Prodi Akuntansi Keuangan Publik pada Semester Genap TA 2016/2017 sebanyak 55 mahasiswa dilibatkan menjadi subjek penelitian. Alat uji yang digunakan adalah uji nonparametrik Mann-Whiteney. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan kesulitan belajar perpajakan terhadap motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Impikasi terapan yang diberikan para pengajar memperhatikan kesulitan belajar yang dihadapi peserta didik dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, mahasiswa perlu memiliki motivasi belajar yang harus selalu ditingkatkan secara berkesinambungan dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran