Extracción asistida por ultrasonidos del aceite de semillas de ciruelas rojas (Spondias purpurea L.): perfil fenólico, ácidos grasos y caracterización química de la torta, residuo de la extracción del aceite

The ultrasound-assisted method was used to extract oil from the red mombin seed, mainly aiming to analyze yield. A multivariate analysis served to define optimized parameters (6.46 minutes and S/S ratio of 1:23.10 mass:volume) for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with the objective of maximizing yield, using the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability graph with central variables and axial points determined by the central composite rotatable design (CCRD). In addition to the optimization of oil extraction, oil was chemically characterized in terms of antioxidant capacity and nutritional aspects to test the quality and chemical characteristics of red mombin seed oil extraction residue (cake). Analyses showed 32% unsaturated fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid, linolelaidic acid, and α-linolenic acid, and the presence of phenolic compounds, especially catechin. High dietary fiber content and the presence of phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, vanillin, and gallic acid, were found in the cake, which allows the possibility of incorporating this material into food products.Se utilizó el método asistido por ultrasonido para extraer el aceite de semillas de ciruelas rojas, principalmente con el objetivo de analizar el rendimiento. Un análisis multivariante permitió la elección de los parámetros óptimos (6.46 minutos y una relación S/S de 1:23.10 masa:volumen) para extracción asistida por ultrasonido (EAU) con el objetivo de maximizar el rendimiento, utilizando la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM) y un gráfico de optimización, con variables centrales y puntos axiales determinados por el diseño giratorio de compuesto central (CCRD). Además de la optimización de la extracción del aceite, éste se caracterizó químicamente con respecto a la capacidad antioxidante y los aspectos nutricionales, para probar la calidad y las características químicas la torta, residuo de la extracción del aceite de semilla de ciruela roja. Los análisis mostraron un 32% de ácidos grasos insaturados, como el palmitoleico, linolelaídico y ácido α-linolénico, y la presencia de compuestos fenólicos, especialmente catequina. En la torta se encontró un alto contenido de fibra dietética y la presencia de compuestos fenólicos, como ácido clorogénico, vainillina y ácido gálico, lo que permite la posibilidad de incorporar este material en los productos alimenticios

Evaluation of physical and chemical parameters of the Sapota (Quararibea cordata Vischer): A fruit of the Amazon Brazilian

Sapote  (Quararibea  cordata Vischer),  also  known  as  a  chupa-chupa,  is  originated  from  the Brazilian,PeruvianandColombianAmazon.Thepulpoftheripefruitisedible,fibrous,of intenseorangecolor,sweetflavorandaromatic.Sincethefruitisknowninthe Brazilian Amazononlyin itsdomesticatedstate,thisworkbecomesnecessary,whichevaluatesthephysicalandchemical profileofthefruitandprovidesmoreinformationaboutitsindustrialpotential.Thefollowing parameterswereassessed:totalmass(g)longitudinalandtransversaldiameters(mm),proximal composition,caloricvalue,carotenoids,totalpectin,totaltitratableacidity,pH,totalsoluble sugars,organicacids,color,antioxidantpotentialandphenoliccompounds.TheSapote grown in Goiânia hasaveragemassof595g,longitudinaldiameterof10.06cm andtransversaldiameterof10.68cm.The fruitcontainslargeamountsofdietaryfiber(11.94%) and  carotenoids  (1.91μg.g-1),and  high  total  pectin  content  (5.24%).  Thefruitalsohasphenoliccompoundsinthealcoholicextractsof 6.31mgGAE.100g-1 and15.06mgGAE.100g-1  intheaqueousextract.Thismakesthefruitto haveafunctionalfeature.Thus,itcanbeincludedintheindustrialcontext,withthemainfeature ofbeing an exotic fruit with properties thatgive itgood nutritionalperformance

Produção de sorvete utilizando a polpa de sapota (<em>Quararibea cordata Vischer</em>)

A produção de sorvetes utilizando a polpa de sapota pode ter um apelo junto ao consumidor através da combinação da cor única da sapota, seu sabor natural e a promoção da saúde através de seus constituintes. Foram processados três tipos de sorvete onde a substituição da polpa foi de 0,27% e não houve adição de corantes artificiais. Os resultados demonstraram que as quantidades de vitamina C variaram de 2,22 a 4,10 mg.100g-1, o teor de carotenóides totais de 0,02 a 0,43 µg.g-1, as fibras totais de 5,20 a 9,33% e os compostos fenólicos de 306,28 a 363,45 mg EAG.100g-1. Estes resultados indicam que o sorvete elaborado com a polpa de sapota apresenta uma quantidade significativa de vitamina C além de compostos fenólicos que em sua maioria com precursores de atividade antioxidante. O teor de fibras totais encontrado caracteriza o produto como sendo rico em fibras podendo ter apelo funcional

Non-fermented and fermented jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Mart.) pomaces as valuable sources of functional ingredients

abuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora. Mart) is a highly perishable fruit native to Brazil, which is consumed both fresh and industrially processed in the form of juices, jams, wines and distilled liqueurs. This processing generates a large amount of waste by-products, which represent approximately 50% of the fruit weight. The by-products are of interest for obtaining valuable bioactive compounds that could be used as nutraceuticals or functional ingredients. In this study, fermented and non-fermented jabuticaba pomaces were studied regarding their hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, as well as their antioxidant properties, including: soluble sugars, organic acids and tocopherols (using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to refraction index, diode array and fluorescence detector, respectively); phenolics and anthocyanins, (using liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection, and mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization); and fatty acids (using gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detection). The analytical data demonstrated that jabuticaba pomaces are a rich source of bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, polyunsaturated fatty acids and phenolic compounds (namely hydrolyzable tannins and anthocyanins) with antioxidant potential. Therefore, jabuticaba pomace may have good potential as a functional ingredient in the fabrication of human foods and animal feed.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (Portugal) for financial support to CIMO (strategic project Pest-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011) and to L. Barros (researcher contract under “Programa Compromisso com Ciência-2008”)

Avaliação da composição química do bolo elaborado com farinha de feijão branco.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição centesimal e os teores de açúcares totais, sacarose, pH e acidez total de um bolo preparado, a partir da substituição parcial de farinha de trigo pela farinha de feijão branco.CONAFE

Aproveitamento tecnológico da fruta do conde, atemóia e graviola para elaboração de geleias : composição química e sensorial

Fruta do conde, atemóia e graviola são frutos tropicais muito apreciados por seu sabor agradável, aromático e marcante. Neste trabalho, constatou-se que as polpas de frutas frescas tiveram altos valores nutricionais, uma vez que estas continham níveis significativos de carboidratos. Os resultados para a análise da composição química das polpas de frutas frescas, obtidos para fruta do conde, atemóia e graviola foram respectivamente: umidade (79,65, 77,06 e 85,30 g.100 g-1), carboidratos (20,52, 22,01 e 13,83 g.100 g-1), açúcares totais (19,57, 21,93 e 10,12 g.100 g-1) e sólidos solúveis (22,00 25,10 e 12,83 ºBrix). Com o objetivo de processar as frutas maduras para agregar valor a essas frutas, geleias foram desenvolvidas. Os resultados da análise da composição química das geleias de pinha, atemóia e graviola foram respectivamente: umidade (26,23, 27,94 e 21,52 g.100 g-1), carboidratos (73,05, 71,44 e 77,83 g.100 g-1), pH (3,41, 3,34 e 3,41) e sólidos solúveis (63,00, 65,00 e 68,60 ºBrix). As geleias foram submetidas à Análise Descritiva Quantitativa. Um total de 12 provadores treinados avaliaram os atributos sabor, consistência, aparência e aceitabilidade global das geleias em uma escala hedônica de 9 pontos. Baseado na avaliação sensorial, as geleias apresentaram uma boa aceitação global e a geleia de atemóia foi à preferida dos provadores.Sugar apple, atemoya and soursop are tropical fruits very prized for their pleasant, aromatic and distinctive flavor. In this work, the fresh fruits pulps had high nutritional values, since they contain significant levels of carbohydrates. The results for the analysis of chemical composition of the fresh fruits pulps obtained for sugar apple, atemoya and soursop were respectively: moisture (79.65, 77.06 and 85.30 g.100 g-1), carbohydrates (20.52, 22.01 and 13.83 g.100 g-1), total sugars (19.57, 21.93 and 10.12 g.100 g-1) and soluble solids (22.00, 25.10 and 12.83 ºBrix). With the aim of processing the pulps of ripe fruits to add value to these fruits, jams have been developed. The results for the chemical composition analysis of sugar apple, atemoya and soursop jams were respectively: moisture (26.23, 27.94 and 21.52 g.100 g-1), carbohydrates (73.05, 71.44 and 77.83 g.100 g-1), pH (3.41, 3.34 and 3.41) and soluble solids (63.00, 65.00 and 68.60 ºBrix). The jams were subjected to Quantitative Descriptive Analysis. A total of 12 trained panelists evaluated the attributes flavor, consistency, appearance and overall acceptability of the jams on a 9-point hedonic scale. Based on sensory evaluation, jams presented a good overall acceptability and atemoya jam was the most preferred by the panelists

Antioxidant potential of Psidium guinnensis Sw. jam during storage

The araçá (Brazilian guava) jam is a promising alternative for expanding the consumption of this fruit, besides adding value to it and making the Brazilian Savannah fruits known. Therefore, this research aimed to study the physical and chemical characteristics of the araçá jam, as well as to evaluate the presence and behavior of antioxidant compounds and color, during 12 months of storage. The results obtained for centesimal composition, sugars, fibers, pectin, and consistency showed that the use of araçá was suitable for the jam production, and that the product remained within the standards established by the Brazilian legislation. The total acidity, phenolic compounds, color parameters, and organic acids contents decreased during storage, while the pH and antioxidant potential increased, during one year of storage. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the araçá jam is a product with good nutritional characteristics, presenting good levels of antioxidant compounds, during storage, and meeting the demands of the modern consumer, i.e. practicality and healthiness

EXTRAÇÃO DE TANINOS DE FARINHA DE SEMENTE DE GRAVIOLA POR ULTRASSOM

Tannins are phenolic derivatives, responsible for the addition of many fruits and vegetable products, due to the precipitation of salivary glycoproteins, which causes the loss of lubricating power, considered antinutritional. This study was applied a therapy of extraction of different levels of vitamin from soursop for ultrasonic bath with different solvents. The tannins were extracted through the ultrasonic bath for 30 minutes at room temperature while solvents in 70% ethanol, distilled water and 50% methanol, the tannins were extracted according to the Folin-Denis methodology. An extraction of 572.93, 589.76, 689.46 (equivalent to tannic acid / 100g of sample) distilled water, 70% ethanol and 50% methanol respectively, was not observed significant difference between the solvents, in addition The weight dose can not be compared to health, but can be applied to human food.Os taninos são compostos fenólicos, responsáveis pela adstringência de muitos frutos e produtos vegetais, devido à precipitação de glicoproteínas salivares, o que ocasiona a perda do poder lubrificante, sendo considerado antinutricional. Com isso, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a extração de taninos totais da farinha de semente de graviola, utilizando banho ultrassônico com diferentes solventes. Os taninos foram extraídos, por meio de banho ultrassônico, por 30 minutos, a temperatura ambiente, utilizando como solventes o etanol 70%, água destilada e metanol 50%. Os taninos totais foram determinados, de acordo com a metodologia de Folin-Denis. Observou-se uma extração de 572,93, 589,76, 689,46 (mg equivalente de ácido tânico/100g de amostra), utilizando água destilada, etanol 70% e metanol 50% respectivamente. Não observou-se diferença significativa entre os solventes, além disso, foi possível observar que a quantidade de taninos encontrada na farinha de semente de graviola não é nociva à saúde, podendo esta ser implementada na alimentação humana