Når jentene må inn i skapet: Seksuell trakassering og kjønnsfrihet i online dataspill

This article presents findings from a Norwegian research project on sexual harassment in online gaming. Based on an online survey (N=935) and expert interviews (N=8) with players, the authors examine sexual harassment, how it is performed, explained and with what consequences. The survey shows that sexually harassing language and behaviour is prevalent in games, but is also subject to controversy as many players code their activity as part of gameplay and not as a marginalizing process.Denne artikkelen presenterer funn fra et forskningsprosjekt om holdninger til kjønn, seksualitet og online-spill hos norske spillere. Forfatterne diskuterer spilleres forståelser av betydningen av trakasserende språkbruk og oppførsel i spill, og konsekvensene av seksuell trakassering på spillkulturnivå og aktørnivå gjennom en spørreundersøkelse og kvalitative intervju. Undersøkelsen viste at potensielt seksuelt trakasserende språkbruk er utbredt i spill, men også at det er stor uenighet blant spillere om hvorvidt slik språkbruk faktisk virker trakasserende, og hvorvidt det utgjør et problem. I artikkelen presenterer og diskuterer vi de to ulike synspunktene informantene har på seksuell trakassering i spill, og analyserer betydningen av at mange kvinnelige spillere holder skjuler informasjon om kjønn for å unngå seksuell trakassering.This article is downloaded from www.idunn.no. © 2015 Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for non-commercial use, provided the original author and source are credited

Genetic and Environmental Structure of DSM-IV Criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Twin Study

Results from previous studies on DSM-IV and DSM-5 Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) have suggested that the construct is etiologically multidimensional. To our knowledge, however, the structure of genetic and environmental influences in ASPD has not been examined using an appropriate range of biometric models and diagnostic interviews. The 7 ASPD criteria (section A) were assessed in a population-based sample of 2794 Norwegian twins by a structured interview for DSM-IV personality disorders. Exploratory analyses were conducted at the phenotypic level. Multivariate biometric models, including both independent and common pathways, were compared. A single phenotypic factor was found, and the best-fitting biometric model was a single-factor common pathway model, with common-factor heritability of 51% (95% CI 40–67%). In other words, both genetic and environmental correlations between the ASPD criteria could be accounted for by a single common latent variable. The findings support the validity of ASPD as a unidimensional diagnostic construct