Shear Mediated Elongational Flow and Yielding in Soft Glassy Materials

In this work, we study the deformation behavior of thin films of various soft glassy materials that are simultaneously subjected to two creep flow fields, rotational shear flow by applying torque and elongational flow by applying normal force. The generic behavior under the combined fields is investigated in different soft glassy materials with diverse microstructure such as: hair gel, emulsion paint, shaving foam and clay suspension. Increase in strength of one stress component while keeping the other constant, not only leads to an expected enhanced deformation in its own direction, but also greater strain in the other direction. Herschel Bulkley model is observed to explain this behavior qualitatively. Elongational flow induced in the materials eventually causes failure in the same. Interestingly time to failure is observed to be strongly dependent not just on normal force but also on the applied rotational shear stress. We believe that the presence of a three dimensional jammed structure, in which overall unjamming can be induced by applying stress having sufficient magnitude irrespective of the direction leads to the observed behavior. In addition, we observe self-similarity in the elongational as well as rotational strain time curves corresponding to various combinations of both the fields. This observation suggests a mere shift in the time-scales involved keeping the path followed in the process unchanged. A phase diagram is also constructed for various soft glassy materials by determining different combinations of orthogonal stresses beyond which materials yield. Estimated yield stress in the limit of flow dominated by applied tensile force on the top plate demonstrates scatter, which might be originating from fingering instability. Except this deviation, yielding is observed when the invariant of stress tensor exceeds yield stress, validating the Von Mises criterion.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figure

Encyclopedia of Bondage: Re-accentuation of the Past of Slavery in Morrison’s Beloved

The works of Toni Morrison to a great extent mirror the history of Afro-Americans. As a main figure of the Afro-American Renaissance, Miss Morrison makes Re-accentuation of slavery from past into present. She has made use of fiction writing as a method for remaking the past of slavery in American society. The basic thought implanted in the narrative of fiction by Morrisonis the position of black community in the white American community in the present era as well as in the past. Her writing is totally dedicated and given to black peopleand is a steady attempt to place things in the correct way and setting for them.Morrison's Beloved (1987) manages past as a storyline of the ownership of the most tangible reality of human presence as well as the most intellectual of human connections.It spotlights the dialogic inclinations of memory of the past of slavery and its inventive ability to construct and reconstruct the implication of past of slavery

Nanoscale Defect Formation on InP(111) Surfaces after MeV Sb Implantation

We have studied the surface modifications as well as the surface roughness of the InP(111) surfaces after 1.5 MeV Sb ion implantations. Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) has been utilized to investigate the ion implanted InP(111) surfaces. We observe the formation of nanoscale defect structures on the InP surface. The density, height and size of the nanostructures have been investigated here as a function of ion fluence. The rms surface roughness, of the ion implanted InP surfaces, demonstrates two varied behaviors as a function of Sb ion fluence. Initially, the roughness increases with increasing fluence. However, after a critical fluence the roughness decreases with increasing fluence. We have further applied the technique of Raman scattering to investigate the implantation induced modifications and disorder in InP. Raman Scattering results demonstrate that at the critical fluence, where the decrease in surface roughness occurs, InP lattice becomes amorphous.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure

Analisis Pendapatan dan Efisiensi USAha Dagang Buah-buahan di Kota Bengkulu (Studi Kasus Pedagang Menetap dan Semi Menetap/mobile)

This research was undertaken in Kota Bengkulu Provinsi Bengkulu. There were fifty eight fruit traders were censused method. They devided in two based on their type of services: fourty three for static services and fifteen for mobile services. All of them were interviewed to obtain information about their reasons for selecting their services. Descriptive analysis, income and R/C ratio are use in this research. The main reason to select static service is that they trade in local government licensed area. Second reason is that thier target customers and consumers often shop in traditional market and had medium income. While mobile traders, the easyness to find customers and consumers are the main reason and traders can move from one to another place. The static traders earned Rp. 4.064.236,36 and mobile traders Rp. 5.007.664,29 per month. R/C Ratio of static is 1,11 and mobile 1,16. Both of them were efficient because R/C Ratio were higher than 1

Fungsi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penggajian dalam Menunjang Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal Penggajian pada PTPN III (Persero) Medan

Penelitian ini bertujuan dilakukan untuk mengetahui Fungsi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penggajian Dalam Menunjang Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal Penggajian PT.Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) Medan.Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian Deskriptif yang menggunakan data primer seperti kuesioner dengan pihak Perusahaan dan sekunder seperti struktur organisasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik obsevasi, wawancara, dan kepustakaan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode desktiptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Kantor PT.Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero) Medan Sumatera Utara yang berlokasi di Jl. Sei Batanghari No.2 Medansampai dengan selesainya skripsi ini. Di satu sisi Perusahaan mengharapkan mengeluarkan biaya operasional seminimal mungkin untuk gaji sedangkan disisi lain karyawan berharap mendapatkan gaji yang besar. Sistem pembayaran gaji pegawai secara langsung atau tidak didasarkan pada dan dibatasi oleh produktivitas dan keahlian sumber daya manusianya atau secara adil dilihat bila diberikan sesuai dengan tingkat jabatan pegawai. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, penulis dapat menarik kesimpulan yaitu Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penggajiannya pada umumnya dapat menunjang efektifitas Pengendalian Intern penggajian dalam setiap Perusahaan, namun juga masih terdapat kekurangan yang tidak dapat diabaikan. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini dapat memberikan saran-saran dan masukan yang berguna bagi Perusahaan dalam upaya untuk menunjang pengendalian intern Perusahaan tersebut

Diversity analysis of maize inbred lines using DIVA-GIS under temperate ecologies

The vagaries of Climate Change variability need to be addressed and as climatic conditions change at particular experimental sites and maize producing regions, mega-environment assignments will need to be reassessed to guide breeders to appropriate new germplasm and target environments . The development of improved germplasm to meet the needs of future generations in light of climate change and population growth is of the upmost importance . Evaluation of the inbred lines from diverse ecosystems would be effective for production of lines with resilience towards climate variability. Hence, with this objective diverse set of inbred lines sourced from all over India were characterized and were evaluated with DIVA-GIS for diversity analysis of maize inbred lines. Grid maps generated for these maize inbred lines for eleven quantitative traits indicated that these lines can be sourced from North and South India. High Shannon diversity index with maximum range of 2.17-3.0, 2.25-3.0, 2.36-3.0, 2.4-4.0, 2.0-3.0, and 2.2-3.0 were recorded for the traits viz; plant height, ear height, grain weight, grain yield, kernel row and protein content respectively indicating the high response of these traits to ecosystem. However, inbred lines were found to be diverse for all the traits except for ears plant-1 (EPP) and they have been sourced from Northern and Southern parts of India while for EPP recorded less diversity index range of 0.4-1.0 indicating source from South India. Interestingly, less diverse inbred lines for all the eleven quantitative traits have been sourced from Indogangetic plains as indicated in diversity grid maps. Maximum diversity indices were recorded for anthesis silking interval (ASI), days to silking, days to tasseling, which are in the range of 0.97-2.0, 1.528-2.0, 1.516-2.0 and 1.528-2.0 respectively. Hence, DIVA-GIS enabled identification of diverse sources from varied ecosystems which can be used for developing improved lines/ cultivars with greater resilience towards climate change

Penerapan Media Pemasaran Digital Bagi UMKM Kebaya Desa Pantai Bahagia Muara Gembong Kabupaten Bekasi

Utilization of digital marketing media in improving the community's economy and the sustainability of MSME activities facilitated by digital technology is the theme of community service activities for the Ubhara Jaya service team at UMKM Kebaya.. MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) play an important role in the people's economy because they can indirectly absorb jobs, reduce poverty, and increase product or service innovation through MSMEs. Through the potential of mangroves that are utilized by members, Kebaya UMKM is able to produce various kinds of preparations that have commercial value and can compete in the middle of the market. The results obtained in community service activities at the UMKM Kebaya in Pantai Bahagia Village show a fairly good basic understanding. This is based on the habit of perpetuating in the form of documentation as the main capital in promotion. Keyword: Digital Marketing Media, Kebaya UMKM, People's Econom

Tensile Deformation and Failure of Thin Films of Aging Laponite Suspension

In this paper we study deformation, failure and breakage of visco-elastic thin films of aging laponite suspension under tensile deformation field. Aqueous suspension of laponite is known to undergo waiting time dependent evolution of its micro-structure, also known as aging, which is accompanied by an increase in the elastic modulus and relaxation time. In the velocity controlled tensile deformation experiments, we observed that the dependence of force and dissipated energy on velocity and initial thickness of the film is intermediate to a Newtonian fluid and a yield stress fluid. For a fixed waiting time, strain at break and dissipated energy increased with velocity, but decreased with initial thickness. With increase in age, strain at break and dissipated energy showed a decrease suggesting enhanced brittle behavior with increase in waiting time, which may be caused by restricted relaxation modes due to aging. In a force controlled mode, decrease in strain at failure at higher age also suggested enhanced brittleness with increase in waiting time. Remarkably, the constant force tensile deformation data up to the point of failure showed experimental time- aging time superposition that gave an independent estimation of relaxation time and elastic modulus dependence on age.Comment: 30 pages, 17 figure

Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activities of Artemisia stelleriana Besser leaf extracts

The present study aims to report the proximate and mineral composition, phenolic contents, and antioxidant potential of Artemisia stelleriana leaves. The leaf extracts were prepared using various solvents like distilled water, methanol, ethanol, and acetone and analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity. The methanolic extracts showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (10.09 ± 0.24 mg GAE/g and 225.04 ± 0.38 mg QE/ g, respectively). The methanolic extracts showed significantly higher 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH-RSA), Reducing power assay, and total antioxidant capacity compared to distilled water, ethanol, and acetone extracts. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy revealed that the methanolic extracts of leaves to be a good source of bioactive compounds like 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), neophytadiene, octacosane, and eucalyptol