QCD Sum Rule Calculation of Twist-4 Corrections to Bjorken and Ellis-Jaffe Sum Rules

We calculate the twist-4 corrections to the integral of $g_1(x,Q^2)$ in the framework of QCD sum rules using an interpolating nucleon field which contains explicitly a gluonic degree of freedom. This information can be used together with previous calculations of the twist-3 contribution to the second moment of $g_2(x)$ to estimate the higher-twist corrections to the Ellis-Jaffe and Bjorken sum rules. We get $f^{(2)}(proton) = -0.037 \pm 0.006$ and $f^{(2)}(neutron) = -0.013 \pm 0.006$. Numerically our results roughly agree with those obtained by Balitsky, Braun and Kolesnichenko based on a sum rule for a simpler current. Our calculations are far more stable as tested within the sum rule approach but are more sensitive to less well known condensates.Comment: 18pp., 1 figure (uuencoded eps-file), Late

QCD Sum Rule Calculation of Twist-3 Contributions to Polarized Nucleon Structure Functions

Using the framework of QCD sum rules we predict the twist-3 contribution to the second moment of the polarized nucleon structure function $g_2(x)$. As the relevant local operator depends explicitely on the gluon field, we employ a recently studied interpolating nucleon current which contains three quark field and one gluon field operator. Despite the fact that our calculation is based on the analysis of a completely different correlation function, our estimates are consitent with those of Balitsky, Braun and Kolesnichenko who used a three-quark current.Comment: 16pp. , 2 figures (uuencoded eps-files), LateX. Some misprints corrected, results unchange

Small Momentum Evolution of the Extended Drell--Hearn--Gerasimov Sum Rule

We investigate the momentum dependence of the extended Drell-Hearn-Gerasimov sum rule. An economical formalism is developed which allows to express the extended DHG sum rule in terms of a single virtual Compton amplitude in forward direction. Rigorous results for the small momentum evolution are derived from chiral perturbation theory within the one-loop approximation. Furthermore, we evaluate some higher order contributions arising from $\Delta(1232)$ intermediate states and relativistic corrections. (2 figures available upon request).Comment: 12 pages, TeX, BUTP-92/51 and CRN-92-5

Spectra of globular clusters in the Sombrero galaxy: evidence for spectroscopic metallicity bimodality

We present a large sample of over 200 integrated-light spectra of confirmed globular clusters (GCs) associated with the Sombrero (M104) galaxy taken with the DEIMOS instrument on the Keck telescope. A significant fraction of the spectra have signal-to-noise levels high enough to allow measurements of GC metallicities using the method of Brodie & Huchra (1990). We find a distribution of spectroscopic metallicities ranging from -2.2 < [Fe/H] < +0.1 that is bimodal, with peaks at [Fe/H] ~ -1.4 and -0.6. Thus the GC system of the Sombrero galaxy, like a few other galaxies now studied in detail, reveals a bimodal spectroscopic metallicity distribution supporting the long-held belief that colour bimodality reflects two metallicity subpopulations. This further suggests that the transformation from optical colour to metallicity for old stellar populations, such as GCs, is not strongly non-linear. We also explore the radial and magnitude distribution with metallicity for GC subpopulations but small number statistics prevent any clear trends in these distributions.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, MNRAS accepte

Modeling the dynamical evolution of the M87 globular cluster system

We study the dynamical evolution of the M87 globular cluster system (GCS) with a number of numerical simulations. We explore a range of different initial conditions for the GCS mass function (GCMF), for the GCS spatial distribution and for the GCS velocity distribution. We confirm that an initial power-law GCMF like that observed in young cluster systems can be readily transformed through dynamical processes into a bell-shaped GCMF. However,only models with initial velocity distributions characterized by a strong radial anisotropy increasing with the galactocentric distance are able to reproduce the observed constancy of the GCMF at all radii.We show that such strongly radial orbital distributions are inconsistent with the observed kinematics of the M87 GCS. The evolution of models with a bell-shaped GCMF with a turnover similar to that currently observed in old GCS is also investigated. We show that models with this initial GCMF can satisfy all the observational constraints currently available on the GCS spatial distribution,the GCS velocity distribution and on the GCMF properties.In particular these models successfully reproduce both the lack of a radial gradient of the GCS mean mass recently found in an analysis of HST images of M87 at multiple locations, and the observed kinematics of the M87 GCS.Our simulations also show that evolutionary processes significantly affect the initial GCS properties by leading to the disruption of many clusters and changing the masses of those which survive.The preferential disruption of inner clusters flattens the initial GCS number density profile and it can explain the rising specific frequency with radius; we show that the inner flattening observed in the M87 GCS spatial distribution can be the result of the effects of dynamical evolution on an initially steep density profile. (abridged)Comment: 15 pages,14 figures;accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Gluon Fusion: A Probe of Higgs Sector CP Violation

We demonstrate that CP violation in the Higgs sector, \eg\ of a multi-doublet model, can be directly probed using gluon-gluon collisions at the SSC. % requires phyzzx.tex macro packageComment: UCD-93-

Unified description of light- and strange-baryon spectra

We present a chiral constituent quark model for light and strange baryons providing a unified description of their ground states and excitation spectra. The model relies on constituent quarks and Goldstone bosons arising as effective degrees of freedom of low-energy QCD from the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. The spectra of the three-quark systems are obtained from a precise variational solution of the Schr\"odinger equation with a semirelativistic Hamiltonian. The theoretical predictions are found in close agreement with experiment.Comment: 9 pages, including 2 figure

Extracting the Proton ubar content from pp->Direct Photon plus Jet Cross Sections

An analysis procedure is proposed to measure the antiquark distributions in the proton over the region 0.01 < x < 0.1. The procedure involves the measurement of high p_t asymmetric direct photon and jet final states in pp interactions. This measurement can be made at the RHIC collider running in pp mode at an energy of sqrt(s)=500 GeV/c. This analysis identifies a region of phase space where the contribution from quark-antiquark annihilation uncharacteristically approaches the magnitude of the contribution from the leading process, quark-gluon Compton scattering. The forward-backward angular asymmetry in the parton center of mass is sensitive to the antiquark content of the proton and the ubar parton density function can be extracted.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure

Quark Orbital-Angular-Momentum Distribution in the Nucleon

We introduce gauge-invariant quark and gluon angular momentum distributions after making a generalization of the angular momentum density operators. From the quark angular momentum distribution, we define the gauge-invariant and leading-twist quark {\it orbital} angular momentum distribution $L_q(x)$. The latter can be extracted from data on the polarized and unpolarized quark distributions and the off-forward distribution $E(x)$ in the forward limit. We comment upon the evolution equations obeyed by this as well as other orbital distributions considered in the literature.Comment: 8 pages, latex, no figures, minor corrections mad