Cuidados consigo mesma, sexualidade e erotismo na Província de Tete, Moçambique Care with herself, sexuality and eroticism in Tete Province, Mozambique

Este artigo analisa as noções de estética e erotismo, e como estas moldam a maneira de as mulheres na província de Tete, em Moçambique, prepararem seu corpo. Grupos focais e entrevistas individuais permitiram constatar que as mulheres utilizam diferentes produtos naturais e sintéticos, tradicionais e modernos, por inserção na vagina ou por ingestão, para modificar a maneira de sentir seu corpo e se preparar para o ato sexual. Em adição, a maioria das mulheres alonga os lábia minora (pequenos lábios vaginais) desde a infância, modificando seu corpo de acordo com critérios estéticos, noções de feminilidade e de prazer sexual. Essas intervenções se inserem num processo de socialização cuja educação integra componentes de estética, sexualidade, reprodução e sobre a vida em geral. O artigo procura mostrar a importância das metáforas e das noções de fechado/aberto, seco/úmido, quente/frio, pesado/leve, vida/morte, riqueza/pobreza, doce/não-doce como simbolismo de gênero ligado ao erotismo, a reprodução e a concepções estéticas.<br>This paper analyzes notions of aesthetics and eroticism and the ways these mould how women in Tete Province, in Mozambique prepare their body. Focus group and individual interviews allowed to assess that women use different products both natural and synthetic by insertion in their vagina or by ingestion to modify the way they feel their body and prepare themselves for the sexual act. In addition, the majority of women elongate their labia minora (small vaginal lips) since their childhood, modifying their body accordingly to aesthetic criteria, notions of femininity and sexual pleasure. These interventions are part of a process of socialisation integrating components on aesthetic, sexuality, reproduction and life in general. This paper aims at showing the importance of metaphors and of the notions of closing up/open, dryness/ wetness, hot/cold, heavy/light, life/death, wealth/poverty, sweet/ non-sweet as gendered symbols related to eroticism and aesthetic

Soybean aphid biotype 1 genome: insights into the invasive biology and adaptive evolution of a major agricultural pest

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of the soybean plant, Glycine max, a major world-wide agricultural crop. We assembled a de novo genome sequence of Ap. glycines Biotype 1, from a culture established shortly after this species invaded North America. 20.4% of the Ap. glycines proteome is duplicated. These in-paralogs are enriched with Gene Ontology (GO) categories mostly related to apoptosis, a possible adaptation to plant chemistry and other environmental stressors. Approximately one-third of these genes show parallel duplication in other aphids. But Ap. gossypii, its closest related species, has the lowest number of these duplicated genes. An Illumina GoldenGate assay of 2,380 SNPs was used to determine the world-wide population structure of Ap. Glycines. China and South Korean aphids are the closest to those in North America. China is the likely origin of other Asian aphid populations. The most distantly related aphids to those in North America are from Australia. The diversity of Ap. glycines in North America has decreased over time since its arrival. The genetic diversity of Ap. glycines North American population sampled shortly after its first detection in 2001 up to 2012 does not appear to correlate with geography. However, aphids collected on soybean Rag experimental varieties in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Wisconsin (WI), closer to high density Rhamnus cathartica stands, appear to have higher capacity to colonize resistant soybean plants than aphids sampled in Ohio (OH), North Dakota (ND), and South Dakota (SD). Samples from the former states have SNP alleles with high FST values and frequencies, that overlap with genes involved in iron metabolism, a crucial metabolic pathway that may be affected by the Rag-associated soybean plant response. The Ap. glycines Biotype 1 genome will provide needed information for future analyses of mechanisms of aphid virulence and pesticide resistance as well as facilitate comparative analyses between aphids with differing natural history and host plant range