Magnetic properties and complex magnetic phase diagram in non centrosymmetric EuRhGe3_3 and EuIrGe3_3 single crystals

We report the magnetic properties of two Eu based compounds, single crystalline EuIrGe$_3$ and EuRhGe$_3$, inferred from magnetisation, electrical transport, heat capacity and $^{151}$Eu M\"{o}ssbauer spectroscopy. These previously known compounds crystallise in the non-centrosymmetric, tetragonal, $I4mm$, BaNiSn$_3$-type structure. Single crystals of EuIrGe$_3$ and EuRhGe$_3$ were grown using high temperature solution growth method using In as flux. EuIrGe$_3$ exhibits two magnetic orderings at $T_{\rm N1}$ = 12.4 K, and $T_{\rm N2}$ = 7.3 K. On the other hand EuRhGe$_3$ presents a single magnetic transition with a $T_{\rm N}$ = 12 K. $^{151}$Eu M\"{o}ssbauer spectra present evidence for a cascade of transitions from paramagnetic to incommensurate amplitude modulated followed by an equal moment antiferromagnetic phase at lower temperatures in EuIrGe$_3$, the transitions having a substantial first order character. On the other hand the $^{151}$Eu M\"{o}ssbauer spectra at 4.2 and 9 K in EuRhGe$_3$ present evidence of a single magnetic transition. In both compounds a superzone gap is observed for the current density $J\parallel$ [001], which enhances with transverse magnetic field. The magnetisation measured up to 14 T shows the occurrence of field induced transitions, which are well documented in the magnetotransport data as well. The magnetic phase diagram constructed from these data is complex, revealing the presence of many phases in the $H-T$ phase space

Immediate postpartum IUD: analysis of factors making it contraceptive of choice

Background: Intrauterine devices are convenient, long term, reversible means of contraceptive. They are user friendly due to one-time application, ease of removal and immediate return of fertility on its removal. The Immediate Postpartum IUD is inserted in women within 48 hours, after normal delivery. The study aims to understand factors responsible for making IUD as the contraceptive of choice. It also identifies various social, demographic factors responsible for making IUD as the contraceptive of choice.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done using pretested questionnaire. In total 470 subjects were interviewed. The data were collected and compiled using MS-excel and analyzed by using Epi info-7. Data is presented in terms of proportions.Results: The acceptance of IUD as a contraceptive was not statistically associated with age & income of the user. Acceptance for IUD increased with literacy (P = 0.003). Almost 77.8% users were satisfied by the IUD. In total, 66.68% users, who continued using IUD did not feel any discomfort. The compliance of IUD was significantly associated with the discomfort caused (P = 0.0008) which was found to be most important reason for its removal. The commonest reason for adoption of IUD was a long duration of its use. It was seen that 23.40% previous contraceptive users and 39.41% new IUD users accepted it as contraceptive. Its acceptance is especially more in previous IUD users.Conclusions: Immediate post-partum IUCD has high acceptability and more than 75% users are satisfied and consider it as a contraceptive option.

Synthesis of organized inorganic crystal assemblies

Organized crystalline assemblies of cobalt salt and g-iron oxide have been produced by in situ matrixmediated biomimetic route. The process makes use of an organized supramolecular matrix and produces cobalt chloride crystals with characteristic morphology of coccolith of alga and nacreous structure of Pinctada martensii. Crystals of g-iron oxide have been produced with typical morphology of aragonite spherulites in regenerated shell of Pomaceae paludosa

Time-resolved Q-factor measurement and its application in performance analysis of 42.6 Gbit/s packets generated by SGDBR lasers

We demonstrate a novel time-resolved Q-factor measurement technique and demonstrate its application in the analysis of optical packet switching systems with high information spectral density. For the first time, we report the time-resolved Q-factor measurement of 42.6 Gbit/s AM-PSK and DQPSK modulated packets, which were generated by a SGDBR laser under wavelength switching. The time dependent degradation of Q-factor performance during the switching transient was analyzed and was found to be correlated with different laser switching characteristics in each case

Effect of sowing dates and varieties on soybean performance in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, India

oybean production is widely fluctuating in response to agro-environmental conditions year to year in Vidarbha region. Weather variations are the major determinants of soybean growth and yield. It is also important to study the response of suitable soybean varieties to varying weather parameters. So a field investigation was carried out to study the crop weather relationship of soybean and to optimize the sowing date with different soybean varie-ties. The results revealed that soybean crop sown up to 27th MW accumulated higher growing degree days (1640.5 0C day), photothermal units (20498.1 0C day hour) and recorded significantly higher seed yield (839 kg ha-1) and biological yield (2773 kg ha-1) with maximum heat use efficiency (0.51 kg ha-1°C day-1) and water productivity (2.49 kg ha-mm-1). Later sowings i.e. 30th MW sowing caused decreased amount of rainfall and increased maximum temperature regime across the total growing period with consequently lower seed yield (530 kg ha-1), GDD (1539.2 0C day), PTU (18689.9 0C day hour), heat use efficiency (0.34kg ha-1 °Cday-1) and water productivity (2.05kg ha-mm-1). Soybean variety TAMS 98-21 recorded significantly higher seed yield (734 kg ha-1) and highest biological yield (2649 kg ha-1) with maximum heat use efficiency (0.44 kg ha-1 °C day-1), GDD (1650.5 0C day ) and water productivity (2.41 kg ha-mm-1). Thus, the results of this study illustrated the importance of early sowing with suitable variety of soybean and indicates that sowing upto 27th MW with variety TAMS 98-21 is optimum for maximizing the yield in the Akola region of Vidarbha

Emerging trends of traumatic brain injury in Western Uttar Pradesh, India: diagnosis and rehabilitation

Background: To study the various advance technology for the diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and find out Emerging trends occur in TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) patients.Methods: The present study was conducted with 500 patients, age between 02 year to 70 years mean age (36 Years) presenting to emergency department of Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, with a history of acute head trauma from January 2016 to December 2018. All patients were examined using 64 slices MDCT and 1.5T MRI Scanner also.Results: Traumatic brain injury caused by various reasons like 62.1% road traffic accidents (RTA) and 25.1% fall from height (FFH) being and 11.83% Assault/hit by hard object and 0.88% are gunshot injury. Loss of consciousness was the most common complaint of the 59.1% TBI patients followed by 17.75% Vomiting and headache, 11.83% facial injury and 11.24% scalp injury. All TBI patients were diagnosed by MDCT 64 Slices Somatom Sensation Scanner who was observed 41.42% skull fractures, 29.28% extra dural hematoma, 27.21% sub dural hematoma, 23.96% sub archnoid haemorrhage, 13% intra cerebral hematoma, 30.17% brain contusions and 24.26% diffuse cerebral edema.Conclusions: Road traffic accidents remain the leading cause of trauma in our country. MRI and MDCT are well recognized method to know the extent and various types of hemorrhages and skull fractures in TBI patients. The present study data is indicated 62.1% majority of TBI patients are suffered by Road traffic accidents mainly young males with alcoholism

Boundary criticality and multifractality at the 2D spin quantum Hall transition

Multifractal scaling of critical wave functions at a disorder-driven (Anderson) localization transition is modified near boundaries of a sample. Here this effect is studied for the example of the spin quantum Hall plateau transition using the supersymmetry technique for disorder averaging. Upon mapping of the spin quantum Hall transition to the classical percolation problem with reflecting boundaries, a number of multifractal exponents governing wave function scaling near a boundary are obtained exactly. Moreover, additional exact boundary scaling exponents of the localization problem are extracted, and the problem is analyzed in other geometries.Comment: v2, 17 pages, 10 figures, published versio