Exploration et gestion des connaissances des ressources en IHM

National audienceNous présentons dans l' article le résultat d'un travail réalisé à l'école de Printemps 2010 de l'AFIHM. L'analyse des activités liées à la réalisation d' un état de l'art nous montre qu'une des tâches les plus compliquées est la familiarisation avec un nouveau domaine. Pour outiller cette activité, nous présentons des pistes de réflexion basées sur une analogie avec la mémoire humaine

Sémiotique et visualisation de l'identité numérique: une étude comparée de Facebook et Myspace

Digital identity is divided into 3 sign sets: (1) declarative identity, (2) acting identity and (3) calculated identity. This typology allows leading a quantitative analysis of cultural influence of identity representation in social web, through the comparative study of two social networks: Facebook and MySpace. Unlike early web, social web makes possible identification of a user without having to declare describing elements. The comparative analysis presented here continues this analysis by specifying the procedures of this new paradigm of identity and highlighting two different ideologies of identity, on the one hand, a normative one to stimulate socialization, on the other hand, an egocentric one for the sake of self-expression. “Calculated identity” encourages users to make comparisons between them and feed their representation, but increasing disproportionately the number of friends is not sufficient to play the social game as it is structured by Facebook: visualization shows that the social network is maintained by sharing. Sharing photos, participating in shared groups is a part of regular social interaction announcing the emergence of a new intersubjective language.Un modèle sémiotique de l'identité numérique construit précédemment distingue 3 ensembles de signes : l'identité déclarative, agissante et calculée. Ce modèle est utilisé pour développer une analyse quantitative appliquée de l'emprise culturelle du web 2.0 sur la représentation de l'identité à travers l'étude comparative de deux logiciels de réseaux sociaux, Facebook et Myspace. Contrairement au premier web, le web social rend possible l'identification personnelle d'un utilisateur sans qu'il ait à déclarer des éléments qui le décrivent ; l'analyse comparée ici présentée poursuit cette analyse en précisant les procédés de ce nouveau paradigme identitaire et mettant en évidence des idéologies identitaires différentes, l'une normative par souci de socialisation, l'autre égocentrée par souci d'expression de soi. L'identité calculée incite les utilisateurs à établir des comparaisons entre eux et à nourrir leur représentation, mais il ne s'agit pas pour autant de jouer à accroître démesurément un critère comme le nombre d'amis pour jouer le jeu social : les graphes nœud-lien montrent que le réseau s'entretient par le partage. Partager des photographies, participer à des groupes communs fait partie des échanges sociaux réguliers qui annoncent l'émergence d'un nouveau langage intersubjectif

Multiscale Visual Analysis of Lexical Networks

International audienceA lexical network is a very useful resource for natural language processing systems. However, building high quality lexical networks is a complex task. "Jeux de mots'' is a web game which aims at building a lexical network for the French language. At the time of this paper's writing, "jeux de mots'' contains 164 480 lexical terms and 397 362 associations. Both lexical terms and associations are weighted with a metric that determines the importance of a given term or association. Associations between lexical terms are typed. The network grows as new games are played. The analysis of such a lexical network is challenging.The aim of our work is to propose a multi-scale interactive visualization of the network to facilitate its analysis. Our work builds on previous work in multi-scale visualization of graphs. Our main contribution in this domain includes (1) the automatic computation of compound graphs, (2) the proximity measure used to compute compound nodes, and (3) the computation of the containment relation used to exhibit the dense relation between one important node and a set of related nodes

Can Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Predict Tolerance of Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer in Men Aged 75 Years or Older?

International audienc

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and quality of life after localized prostate cancer radiotherapy in elderly patients.

Radiotherapy can diminish quality of life (QoL) for prostate cancer patients. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of radiotherapy on QoL in men aged 75 years or older treated with radiotherapy for a localized prostate cancer, and to identify predictors of reduced QoL.We prospectively administered a battery of geriatric (MNA, GDS, Get up and Go Test, CIRS-G, ADL, IADL, MMSE), toxicity (IPSS; IIEF 5), and QoL (QLQ C30) screening tests in 100 elderly patients before and two months after prostate cancer radiotherapy (NCT 02876237). Patients ≥ 75 years undergoing radiotherapy with a curative intent for localized prostate cancer with or without androgen deprivation therapy (ADL) were eligible for study inclusion. Correlations between patient-assessed QoL and tumor characteristics, radiotherapy treatment or CGA parameters were sought using the Fisher or the Mann and Whitney tests. Changes in QoL parameters over time were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.At study entry, scores for IADL impairments were present in 51%, reduced autonomy in activities of daily living in 16%, cognitive impairment found in 20%, depression-related symptoms in 31%, and 66% of patients had significant co-morbidities. Eight percent were judged to be at risk of fall and 2% were found to be undernourished. Severely impaired (IPSS ≥ 20) urinary function was observed in 11.2% and 13.5% of patients before and two months after completion of radiotherapy respectively. Significantly decreased QoL (> 20 points) at two months after treatment was found in 13% of patients and a moderate but clinically relevant reduction (10 to 20 points) in 17% of patients. No tumor characteristic, treatment, or oncogeriatric parameter was predictive of reduced QoL following prostate cancer radiotherapy.Despite sometimes markedly diminished oncogeriatric parameters, prostate cancer radiotherapy was generally well tolerated in these elderly patients. We found no predictive factor to determine which patients would experience impaired quality of life following radiotherapy

Predictive factors for moderate changes in quality of life.

<p>Predictive factors for moderate changes in quality of life.</p

For each item of QLQ C30 questionnaire, we compare mean score before and 2 months after radiotherapy.

<p>For functional scales (Fig 2a), a high score is related to better QoL and for symptoms scores (Fig 2b), high score is related to high symptoms and worth QoL. Statistically significant variations.</p

Patient characteristic N = 100.

<p>Patient characteristic N = 100.</p