Peirce's evolutionary pragmatic idealism

In this paper I synthesize a unified system out of Peirce's life work, and name it “Peirce's Evolutionary Pragmatic Idealism”. Peirce developed this philosophy in four stages: (I) His 1868–69 theory that cognition is a continuous and infinite social semiotic process, in which Man is a sign.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43816/1/11229_2004_Article_BF00413590.pd

Sequence generators, graphs, and formal languages,

A sequence generator is a finite graph, more general than, but akin to, the usual state diagram associated with a finite automaton. The nodes of a sequence generator represent complete states, and each node is labeled with an input and an output state. An element of the behavior of a sequence generator is obtained by taking the input and output states along an infinite path of the graph.Sequence generators may be associated with formulas of the monadic predicate calculus, in which the individual variables range over the times 0, 1, 2, 3, [middle dot][middle dot][middle dot], and the predicate variables represent complete states, input states, and output states. An unrestricted singulary recursion is a formula in which the complete state at time [tau] + 1 is expressed as a truth-function of the complete state at time [tau] and the input states from times [tau] + 1 to [tau] + h. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for a formula derived from a sequence generator being equivalent to an unrestricted singulary recursion.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32290/1/0000357.pd

Teleology and logical mechanism

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43835/1/11229_2004_Article_BF00869605.pd

The folded tree

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32525/1/0000623.pd

Multiple Organ System Defects and Transcriptional Dysregulation in the Nipbl+/− Mouse, a Model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome

Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a multi-organ system birth defects disorder linked, in at least half of cases, to heterozygous mutations in the NIPBL gene. In animals and fungi, orthologs of NIPBL regulate cohesin, a complex of proteins that is essential for chromosome cohesion and is also implicated in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. Mice heterozygous for a gene-trap mutation in Nipbl were produced and exhibited defects characteristic of CdLS, including small size, craniofacial anomalies, microbrachycephaly, heart defects, hearing abnormalities, delayed bone maturation, reduced body fat, behavioral disturbances, and high mortality (75–80%) during the first weeks of life. These phenotypes arose despite a decrease in Nipbl transcript levels of only ∼30%, implying extreme sensitivity of development to small changes in Nipbl activity. Gene expression profiling demonstrated that Nipbl deficiency leads to modest but significant transcriptional dysregulation of many genes. Expression changes at the protocadherin beta (Pcdhb) locus, as well as at other loci, support the view that NIPBL influences long-range chromosomal regulatory interactions. In addition, evidence is presented that reduced expression of genes involved in adipogenic differentiation may underlie the low amounts of body fat observed both in Nipbl+/− mice and in individuals with CdLS

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Background: Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. // Methods: We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. // Findings: We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. // Interpretation: Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Language and automata : final report (1 June 1964 - 31 May 1965)

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3962/5/bab9693.0001.001.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3962/4/bab9693.0001.001.tx

Computation, behavior, and structure in fixed and growing automata : technical report

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3957/5/bab7772.0001.001.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3957/4/bab7772.0001.001.tx

Language and automata : final report : 14 March 1963-13 March 1964

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3953/5/bab6942.0001.001.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3953/4/bab6942.0001.001.tx

Language and automata : final report (1 June 1965 - 30 September 1966

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3963/5/bab9694.0001.001.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/3963/4/bab9694.0001.001.tx