Performance, construcciones de género y disidencias en la danza vogue y la cultura ballroom en Montevideo

El movimiento autodenominado cultura ballroom es un movimiento cultural performático protagonizado por identidades lgbt (lesbianas, gays, bisexuales, trans/ travestis/transgénero), en sus inicios principalmente trans afroamericanas y latinas. Uno de los motivos que originó el movimiento tiene que ver con la exclusión que recibían los colectivos afrodescendientes y latinos en los concursos de belleza donde participaban homosexuales que practicaban el transformismo drag (drag balls). Los eventos que construían tenían el formato de desfile de modas donde, según sus integrantes, se procuraba demostrar diversas habilidades que esta comunidad vinculaba con el transitar de las personas lgbt en-el-mundo generizadamente sexuado.El presente artículo procura exponer resultados de una investigación de corte etnográfico sobre el movimiento cultural ballroom en Uruguay junto al colectivo House of Polenta. El trabajo de investigación buscó comprender las formas en que se resignifica y re-apropia políticamente el movimiento cultura ballroom en este contexto. Primeramente, recorro algunas trayectorias de integrantes del colectivo vinculadas a la danza vogue. Por último, un análisis desde un enfoque de género sobre las categorías de competencia en esta performance cultural que brinda algunas claves para entender formas particulares y situadas que tiene el colectivo de comprender el género, el cuerpo y la sexualidad

Performance, construções de gênero e dissidência na dança vogue e na cultura de salão em Montevidéu

El movimiento autodenominado cultura ballroom es un movimiento cultural performático protagonizado por identidades LGBT (lesbianas, gays, bisexuales, trans/travestis/transgénero), en sus inicios principalmente trans afroamericanas y latinas. Uno de los motivos que originó el movimiento tiene que ver con la exclusión que recibían los colectivos afrodescendientes y latinos en los concursos de belleza donde participaban homosexuales que practicaban el transformismo drag (drag balls). Los eventos que construían tenían el formato de desfile de modas donde, según sus integrantes, se procuraba demostrar diversas habilidades que esta comunidad vinculaba con el transitar de las personas LGBT en-el-mundo generizadamente sexuado. El presente artículo procura exponer resultados de una investigación de corte etnográfico sobre el movimiento cultural ballroom en Uruguay junto al colectivo House of Polenta. El trabajo de investigación buscó comprender las formas en que se resignifica y re-apropia políticamente el movimiento cultura ballroom en este contexto. Primeramente, recorro algunas trayectorias de integrantes del colectivo vinculadas a la danza vogue. Por último, un análisis desde un enfoque de género sobre las categorías de competencia en esta performance cultural que brinda algunas claves para entender formas particulares y situadas que tiene el colectivo de comprender el género, el cuerpo y la sexualidad.The ballroom cultural movement is a performative movement led by lgbt identities, mainly Latin and African American in its origins. One of the reasons that gave rise to this movement was the marginalization of African descendants and Latin Americans in beauty pageants, which were led by homosexuals who practised dragqueen transformism (drag balls). These events mimicked the form of fashion runways in which participants aimed to demonstrate various social skills that this community believed lgbt people needed in order to fit into this sexually gendered word. This article aims to illustrate some of the findings of an ethnographic research on the ballroom culture movement in Uruguay, specifically the group House of Polenta. The research aimed to understand the ways in which this movement is politically reappropriated and resignified in this context. First, I cover some of the trajectories of the participants in the group and in the vogue dancing. Finally, I use a gender analysis to examine the categories of competition that this cultural performance uses, which I consider key to understanding particular forms of this group’s understanding of gender, body and sexuality.O movimento que se autodenomina cultural ballroom é um movimento cultural performativo com identidades LGBT (lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, trans/travestis/transgêneros), em seu início principalmente trans afro-americanos e latinos. Um dos motivos que originou o movimento tem a ver com a exclusão que grupos afrodescendentes e latinos recebiam em concursos de beleza onde participavam homossexuais que praticavam drag (drag balls). Os eventos que criaram tiveram o formato de um desfile de moda onde, segundo os seus membros, procuraram demonstrar diversas competências que esta comunidade vinculou ao percurso das pessoas LGBT no mundo género-sexuado. Este artigo busca apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa etnográfica sobre o movimento cultural ballroom no Uruguai junto ao coletivo Casa da Polenta. O trabalho de pesquisa buscou compreender as formas como o movimento cultural ballroom é ressignificado e reapropriado politicamente nesse contexto. Primeiramente, revisarei algumas trajetórias de integrantes do coletivo ligado à dança de moda. Por fim, uma análise desde uma perspectiva de género sobre as categorias de competência nesta performance cultural que fornece algumas chaves para compreender as formas particulares e situadas que o colectivo tem de compreender o género, o corpo e a sexualidade

Stellar populations of early-type galaxies in different environments I. Line-strength indices

Aims: This paper commences a series devoted to the study of the stellar content of early-type galaxies. The goal of the series is to set constraints on the evolutionary status of these objects. Methods: In this paper we describe the details of the galaxy sample, the observations, and the data reduction. Line-strength indices and velocity dispersions sigma are measured in 98 early-type galaxies drawn from different environments, and the relation of the indices with the velocity dispersion analysed in detail. Results: The present sample indicates that some of the index-sigma relations depend on galaxy environment. In particular, the slope of the relation between Balmer lines and sigma is steeper for galaxies in the Virgo cluster, small groups, and in the field than for galaxies in the Coma cluster. In several indices there is also a significant offset in the zero point between the relations defined by the different subsamples. The slopes of the index-sigma relation for the Virgo and low-density environment galaxies are explained by a variation of both age and metallicity with velocity dispersion, as previously noted in other studies. For the galaxies in the Coma cluster, however, the relation of the indices with sigma only requires a variation of the abundance along the sigma sequence. In agreement with other studies we find that the models that better reproduce the slopes are those in which the alpha elements vary more than the Fe-peak elements along the sigma sequence, while, at a given sigma, older galaxies show an higher alpha/Fe ratio. Conclusions: The results can be explained assuming that galaxies in the Coma cluster have experienced a truncated star formation and chemical enrichment history compared to a more continuous time-extended history for their counterparts in lower density environments.Comment: accepted for publication in A&

Sistematización del proyecto de convivencia escolar talleres multigrado. Escuela 268 Dr. Arturo Lussich (2018)

Este artículo presenta la experiencia de talleres multigrado llevada a cabo en la Escuela n.º 268, Dr. Arturo Lussich, situada en el barrio Malvín Norte, dentro del complejo de Euskal Erría en Montevideo. Esta experiencia es identificada por el colectivo docente como eje del proyecto de centro escolar. Los elementos que analizamos en este trabajo surgen de la sistematización realizada durante la integración al Espacio de Formación Integral (efi) Cuerpo y Educación en Malvín Norte durante el 2018. Durante este período un grupo de estudiantes acompañados por un docente se integra al espacio de los talleres realizando observaciones participantes y entrevistas a los diferentes referentes institucionales. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir de qué modo estos talleres tienen lugar en la escuela así como explorar aquellos elementos pedagógicos que permiten convocar al cuerpo en la escuela a través deeste espacio

A single birth dose of Hepatitis B vaccine induces polyfunctional CD4+ T helper cells.

A single birth-dose of Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) can protect newborns from acquiring Hepatitis B infection through vertical transmission, though several follow-up doses are required to induce long-lived protection. In addition to stimulating antibodies, a birth-dose of HepB might also induce polyfunctional CD4+ T-cells, which may contribute to initial protection. We investigated whether vaccination with HepB in the first week of life induced detectable antigen-specific CD4+ T-cells after only a single dose and following completion of the entire HepB vaccine schedule (3 doses). Using HBsAg- stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 344 infants, we detected increased populations of antigen-specific polyfunctional CD154+IL-2+TNFα+ CD4+ T-cells following a single birth-dose of HepB in a proportion of infants. Frequencies of polyfunctional T-cells increased following the completion of the HepB schedule but increases in the proportion of responders as compared to following only one dose was marginal. Polyfunctional T-cells correlated positively with serum antibody titres following the birth dose (day30) and completion of the 3-dose primary HepB vaccine series (day 128). These data indicate that a single birth dose of HepB provides immune priming for both antigen-specific B- and T cells

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Interfacial properties of protein particles at fluid/fluid interfaces and relationship with the stability of foams and emulsions

International audienceIt is now well-known that the assembly of particles at fluid/fluid interfaces, and the resulting dynamical properties of such particle-laden interfaces can provide high stabilization of dispersed systems such as emulsions and foams. Here, we focus on the emerging case of “protein particles,” a novel family of bio particles. We provide an updated perspective about their definition, production, bulk and interface properties, highlighting the most recent results of the obtained bioparticle-laden interfaces, and how such protein particles can stabilize liquid dispersions. The ability of protein particles for undergoing a fast adsorption to fluid/fluid interfaces and for forming viscoelastic layers play a key role on the prevention of drainage, coalescence, or coarsening/ripening, which results in the formation of very stable particle-stabilized foams and emulsions. Therefore, protein particles are an excellent bio-based alternative to synthetic surfactants and other conventional stabilizers for ensuring the stabilization of a broad range of dispersed systems, opening new avenues for the design of new products with interest for cosmetic, food and biomedical industries