Structural brain changes in migraine and cluster headache

This thesis describes several studies on migraine and cluster headache which associate these primary headache syndromes with macrostructural and microstructural changes. Some of these brain changes may be congenital, some may represent reversible or irreversible neuroplastic changes as a response of the brain to adapt to external stimuli and others should be considered as brain damage associated with these primary headache syndromes. Cluster headache patients have larger anterior hypothalamic volumes and wider skulls, observations that oppose previous neuroimaging findings and pathophysiological theories. Migraine is associated with microstructural changes in particularly visual processing areas in both cortical and subcortical grey matter and in white matter tracts connecting these structures. These changes might in part be irreversible or mSome migraineurs are also at increased risk of visually detectable changes on MRI, such as infratentorial microbleeds, and in male migraineurs, infratentorial hypertensities. Some migraineurs are also at increased risk of visually detectable changes on MRI, such as infratentorial microbleeds and, in male migraineurs, infratentorial hyperintensities. The underlying etiology of these types of cerebrovascular damage remains elusive and is probably the consequence of a multifactorial process.</table

Swift Spontaneous Regression of a Pediatric Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked DownloadWe report the case of a 4-year-old girl with acute subdural hematoma who presented to the emergency department after an unwitnessed fall of the balcony. The hematoma was hyperdense along the left convexity of 9 mm thickness with a consequent mass effect with obliteration of the adjacent sulci, left lateral ventricle compression and a midline shift of 7 mm. During her stay in the emergency department while waiting for transfer to the children intensive care unit elsewhere she slightly deteriorated neurologically. Repeat CT scan of the brain 4 h after initial presentation remarkably showed that the subdural hematoma had now largely disappeared, with a decrease in volume and density. Consequently, the mass effect diminished with a near normalization of the midline shift

Structural brain changes in migraine and cluster headache

This thesis describes several studies on migraine and cluster headache which associate these primary headache syndromes with macrostructural and microstructural changes. Some of these brain changes may be congenital, some may represent reversible or irreversible neuroplastic changes as a response of the brain to adapt to external stimuli and others should be considered as brain damage associated with these primary headache syndromes. Cluster headache patients have larger anterior hypothalamic volumes and wider skulls, observations that oppose previous neuroimaging findings and pathophysiological theories. Migraine is associated with microstructural changes in particularly visual processing areas in both cortical and subcortical grey matter and in white matter tracts connecting these structures. These changes might in part be irreversible or mSome migraineurs are also at increased risk of visually detectable changes on MRI, such as infratentorial microbleeds, and in male migraineurs, infratentorial hypertensities. Some migraineurs are also at increased risk of visually detectable changes on MRI, such as infratentorial microbleeds and, in male migraineurs, infratentorial hyperintensities. The underlying etiology of these types of cerebrovascular damage remains elusive and is probably the consequence of a multifactorial process.</table

Temporal bone imaging

Disorders of the head and nec

Answer to quiz case: Temporal bone imaging

Computed tomographic scanning of the petrous bone and magnetic resonance imaging sequences of the inner ear and cerebellopontine angle of a deaf patient were performed to find an explanation for his deafness, and to establish whether he would be a good candidate for cochlear implantation. The imaging features were considered pathognomonic for incomplete partition type III (IP type III). Further management and discussion of this deafness subtype are detailed

Bilateral trampoline fracture of the proximal tibia in a child

Trampoline fractures are transversely oriented impaction fractures of the proximal tibia sustained by young children jumping on a trampoline. Unaware of the mechanism of this specific nontraumatic fracture, physicians may fail to detect these fractures on plain radiographs, as radiological findings may be very subtle. In this case report, we present a rare case of bilateral trampoline fractures with an explanation of the trauma mechanism

The cavernous sinus in cluster headache - a quantitative structural magnetic resonance imaging study

Neuro Imaging Researc

Exposing people with dementia to biodynamic light: The impact of biodynamic lighting on neuropsychiatric symptoms

Background: The increase of neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia count for 46% of the transit to more controlled environments. Medication to repress these symptoms is widely used, but the side effects are significant, and the effect at the start is not predictable. Research that aims at non-pharmacological interventions is important. One of the promising non-pharmacological interventions is lighting. In this study, the effectiveness of dynamic lighting, lighting with variable intensity and correlated color temperature, on neuropsychiatric symptoms in older people with dementia is studied. Question: It was hypothesized that the exposure to dynamic lighting would decrease the amount and/or the severity of the neuropsychiatric symptoms. Methods: A dynamic lighting innovation designed to stimulate a regular and healthy circadian rhythm was installed in the common area of a clinical setting. Two conditions of 21 days with and 21 days without exposure to dynamic lighting were monitored. After each condition, measures of presence, the severity of symptoms and emotional impact were collected using the Neuro Psychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Results: Eighteen participants were included in the research and completed a condition with and without exposure to dynamic lighting. Per the respondent, the total index of severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms was lower after exposure. Also on a group level, a tendency (p=.187) was found for decreasing the total index of severity of the neuropsychiatric symptoms in the condition that received dynamiclighting. Significance was only found in the severity scores on the symptom disinhibited behavior (p=.01). Conclusion: A dynamic lighting intervention can be used to decrease the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, more specific disinhibited behavior. This is important because disinhibited behavior is related to a disturbed circadian rhythm, is distressing for caregivers and can accelerate the process leading to institutionalization. The findings in this study implicate the importance of future research on the possibilities of dynamic lighting in dementia

Effets d'une alcalose induite sur les paramètres métaboliques et sanguins lors d'un test cyclisme-course à pied chez des triathlètes entraînés

Effet de l'ingestion d'une boisson alcalinisante (à base de citrate de sodium, avec ajout ou non de glucides) sur l'évolution des valeurs de consommation maximale d'oxygène (VO2 max) en cyclisme, ainsi que sur les valeurs métaboliques et sanguines lors d'un temps limite en course à pied réalisé en enchaînement