THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE AND WEIGHT-LIFTING PLUS AEROBIC EXERCISE ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD PARAMETERS IN SEDENTARY FEMALES

The purpose of this study was determined the effects of 12 weeks aerobic exercise and weight-lifting plus aerobic exercise on blood pressure, blood serum lipids and lipoproteins of sedentary females. Thirty seven sedentary females (Aerobic group mean age: 44.66 years, Weight-Lifting + Aerobic group mean age: 40.80 years) participated in this study. Before initiate the exercise their blood samples, peripheral measurements and thickness of skinfolds were taken. The subjects participated in aerobics group (n = 21) and weight-lifting plus aerobics group (n = 16) 3 times in a week through one hour. The intensity of exercise was increased gradually and their heart rates were raised up to 130-140 rates per-minute and of the tension. Two way ANOVA was used in this study. There were no significant difference between two different type of exercise groups (p>0.05) fırst group (aerobic); HDL-C (High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol) 18.12%, second group (weight-lifting plus aerobic) %28.23, there were a significant increase among them (p<0.01). Total cholesterol decrease 13.97% in group of aerobic exercise and it decreases 7.13% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic. Triglyceride decreases 31.74% in group of aerobic exercise; it decreases 19.53% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic exercise. Level of LDL-C was decreased 28.11% in group of aerobic exercise, 21.46% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic. When we consider exercise types, the only flats of type is on triglyceride and APO B, (p<0.05), there were effects of exercise duration is on HDL-C, LDL-C AND Total cholesterol (p<0.01). There were effects of type and duration of exercise on TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, APO A1, and APO B (P<0.01). In this study, regular aerobic and weight-lifting plus aerobic exercises have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in sedentary women and a significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as reduction of cholesterol, triglyceride, and  of LDL-C. Level of HDL-C was increased in both of exercise groups.    Article visualizations

Organik Kivi Üretiminde Toprak Düzenleyicilerin ve Organik Materyallerin Verim ve Bazı Meyve Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışma, Samsun Toprak ve Su Kaynakları Araştırma Enstitüsü Deneme İstasyonunda, kivi üretiminde, yöresel organik artık olan fındık zurufunun (taze ve kompost hali) organik ticari gübrelerin yerine ikame edilme durumunu ve kullanılan miktarın azaltılıp azaltılamayacağını ortaya koymak amacıyla 2008-2009 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Toprak düzenleyici olarak klinoptilolit ve leonardit, organik ticari gübre (biofarm), yöresel atık olan fındık zurufunun iki farklı kullanım şekli (taze ve kompost) araştırmanın materyalini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma, tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Fındık zurufu ve biofarm, azot içerikleri göz önüne alınarak, toprak analiz sonuçlarına göre parsellere uygulanmıştır. Hasat, meyvede suda çözünen kuru madde miktarı (SÇKM) 7 olduğu dönemde elle kopartılmak suretiyle yapılmış, meyve eni ve boyu, ortalama meyve ağırlığı, tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiki analiz sonucunda, meyve verimi üzerine organik gübrelerin etkisi çok önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek verim organik ticari gübre (Biofarm) uygulamalarında belirlenmiştir

Structural features of cold-formed steel profiles

Using capacity of cold-formed steel sections increases thanks to the opportunities which are offered by the developing technology. Low production cost and variety of profiles that can be produce easy, fast, high quality provide to improve its popularity as a structural material. In production, Sulphur and Phosphorous accumulation region occurs at intersection region of flanges and web of hot rolled steel profile. This causes to decrease strength of profile. Other difference between cold-formed and hot rolled steel sections is that mechanical properties of steel material homogeneously distributes throughout the profile. Both in frame and truss systems, cold-formed steel profiles develop both as main and secondary bearing element. These present variety options to the designers with pure, galvanized, aluminized applications. As with many building materials, mechanical behavior of cold-formed steel profile is quite complex due to the nature of thin walled steel sections. Design and analysis methods of cold-formed steel profile are rapidly shaped day by day. The general theory of beams investigated in past studies make possible analyses of cold-formed steel profile. Moreover, in structural systems, using of cold-formed steel profile provide height strength besides sustainable, environmentalist, green building because it requires less material and cost. Although these profiles have many advantages, use of cold-formed steel profiles in our country structures is rather limited unfortunately. New steel construction regulations in Turkey also do not mention cold-formed thin walled steel structure. Main purpose of this study reviews structural specifications of cold-formed steel profiles which are applied world-wide

Okul Terk Riskini Etkileyen Öğrenci Özellikleri, Bir Okuldan Diğerine Farklı Mıdır?

This study assessed the predictive power of variables at school-level and student-level on the risk of school dropout within the framework of the Ecological Theory. A predictive correlational research model was used, and the participants were selected by employing a two-stage sampling procedure. Participants were 1.851 students from 30 different high schools in the central districts of Ankara studying during the 2016/17 school year. According to the findings of two-level hierarchical linear regression analysis; the average of the highest school at the risk of school dropout is almost twice that of the lowest school. The effect of the environmental risk perception on school dropout in schools with high dropout is higher than schools where the risk of dropout is low. Academic achievement, environmental security, and non-antisocial behaviors reduce the likelihood of early school leaving at the schools with a higher risk of dropout than lower-ones. The probability of dropout of upper grades in schools comprising student clubs and students with high academic achievement in schools with High School Entrance Exam success is less. It was also concluded that the effects of gender, class repetition, having a sibling who left school early, teacher participation, punishment, absenteeism and motivation may have been mediated by other variables in the regression equation.Bu çalışmada ekolojik yaklaşıma dayalı, okul ve öğrenci düzeylerindeki değişkenlerin, okul terki riskini yordama güçleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmada korelasyonel modele göre tasarlanmış; katılımcılar iki aşamalı örnekleme yöntemiyle saptanmıştır. Katılımcılar Ankara’nın merkez ilçelerinde 2016-2017 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde öğrenimlerine devam eden 30 okuldaki 1851 lise öğrencisidir. İki düzeyli hiyerarşik doğrusal regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre; okul terki olasılığı en yüksek okulun ortalaması, en düşük okulunkinden yaklaşık iki kat fazladır. Okul terkinin yüksek olduğu okullarda çevreyi riskli bulmanın okul terki üzerindeki etkisi, terk riskinin düşük olduğu okullardan daha fazladır. Akademik başarı, çevresel güvenlik ve antisosyal davranma okuldan erken ayrılmayı, okul terk riski yüksek okullarda düşük olanlara göre daha çok azaltmaktadır. Öğrenci kulüpleri bulunan okullarda üst sınıfların; LYS başarısı yüksek okullardaki akademik başarısı yüksek öğrencilerin okul terki olasılıkları daha düşüktür. Ayrıca okul terkiyle önemli ilişkilere sahip cinsiyetin, sınıf tekrarının, okuldan erken ayrılan kardeşe sahip olmanın, öğretmenin katılımının, disiplin cezası almanın, devamsızlığın ve motivasyonun etkileri, regresyon denklemindeki diğer değişkenler tarafından mediate edilmiş olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır

Use of non-directional option strategies based on volatility expectation: An empirical application on BIST

Bu çalışmanın amacı, opsiyon sözleşmeleri ile oluşturulan yönsüz stratejilerden elde edilen kar veya zarar bakımından, mali kuruluşlar sektörlerinde yer alan ve yer almayan firmalar grubu arasında anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. 30.11.2017–31.12.2018 dönemini kapsayan çalışmada, Vadeli İşlem ve Opsiyon Piyasası’nda (VİOP) işlem gören pay opsiyon sözleşmelerinin fiyatlandırılmasında Black-Scholes opsiyon fiyatlama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen firmalar Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformu’nda yer alan sektör ayrımı baz alınarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Ardından bağımsız iki grubun karşılaştırılmasında kullanılan non-parametrik testlerden Mann Whitney U Testi uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, yönsüz piyasa ve yüksek volatilite beklentisine yönelik stratejilerin genel olarak zarar ile sonuçlandığı ve mali kuruluşlar sektörlerinde yer alan firmalar grubunda bu zarar tutarının daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Buna karşın, yönsüz piyasa ve düşük volatilite beklentisine yönelik stratejilerden ise genellikle kar elde edildiği ve elde edilen kar tutarının mali kuruluşlar sektörlerinde yer almayan firmalar grubunda daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a significant difference between the group of companies which take part in the financial institutions sector and those which do not take place in that sector in terms of profit or loss obtained from non-directional strategies created by option contracts. In the present study covering the period between 30.11.2017 and 31.12.2018, Black-Scholes option pricing model was used in the pricing of Stock Option Contracts that trade in the Derivatives Market (VIOP). Companies examined in the scope of the study were divided into two groups based on the sectoral distinction in the Public Disclosure Platform. Afterwards, Mann Whitney U Test, which is one of the non-parametric tests used to compare two independent groups, was applied. The results indicate that while strategies for non-directional market and high volatility expectation generally result in loss, and the amount of loss in the group of companies in financial institution sectors is lower; strategies for non-directional market and low volatility expectations are generally profitable and the amount of profit that has been obtained is higher in the group of companies which are not included in financial institution sectors

Bazı Organik Materyallerin ve Toprak Düzenleyicilerin Organik Fındık Yetiştiriciliğinde Verim ve Toprak Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışma, yöresel organik artık olan fındık zurufunun (taze ve kompost hali) organik tarımda yaygın olarak kullanılan organik ticari gübrelerin yerine kullanılma durumunu ve kullanılan miktarın azaltılıp azaltılamayacağı, verim ve bazı toprak özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2008 yılında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, Samsun İli Ağcagüney Beldesi organik sertifikalı fındık bahçesinde Tombul fındık çeşidinde kurulmuştur. Toprak düzenleyici olarak klinoptilolit ve leonardit, organik ticari gübre (biofarm), yöresel atık olan fındık zurufunun iki farklı kullanım şekli (taze ve kompost) araştırmanın materyalini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Yapılan istatistik analiz sonucunda organik gübrelerin etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek meyve verimi fındık zurufu (taze) ve organik ticari gübrenin (Biofarm) tek başına uygulandığı parsellerden belirlenmiştir. Hasat sonrası 0-20 cm derinlikten alınan toprak örneklerinde bazı toprak özellikleri incelenmiştir

Development of standard time formula for welding of mild steel / Muhammmad Rashidi Arif and Zaidan Osman

Kaedah kerja insani adalah gerak kerja yang dilakukan oleh manusia yang melibatkan penggunaan anggota manusia sepenuhnya tanpa melibatkan operasi mesin. Dalam operasi pengeluaran yang semakin maju dan berkembang pada masa kini, operasi insani ( manual operation) dan operasi outomatik ( outomatic operation) adalah saling berkait rapat antara satu sama lain bagi penghasilan sesuatu produk atau keluaran. Namun demikian perbezaan yang jelas dan ketara antara operasi insani dengan operasi outomatik adalah dari segi peralatan, kecekapan, hasil mutu kerja dan produk. Pada amnya, operasi outomatik adalah diwujudkan dari operasi insani tetapi ditukar bentuk kepada pergerakkan mesin

What role does continuance commitment play in the relationship between affective commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour? case study Somali telecommunication industry players

The purpose of the study is to investigate the role of continuance commitment in the relationship between affective commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) among the employees of telecommunication industry players in Mogadishu, Somalia. A total of 92 lower managers (supervisors) from three different telecommunication players were involved in this study. The instrument used in the study for affective and continuance commitment was adopted from Natalie J. Allen and John P. Meyer (1990), and for OCB was adopted from Philip M. Podsakoff , Scott B. MacKenzie, Robert H. Moorman, and Richard Fetter (1990). This quantitative survey method employed stratified random sampling technique. Employees’ attitudes and behaviours were tested for correlation and regression analysis. The findings indicated that there are positive and significant relationship between employees’ affective commitment, continuance commitment and OCB. The highest correlations towards employees’ citizenship behaviour is the mediation role of continuance commitment (r=.362, p< .05), then affective commitment (r=.287, p< .05), followed by the relationship between affective commitment and continuance commitment (r=.249, p< .05), whilst continuance commitment shows the weakest relationship on OCB (r=.144, p< .05). The regression model indicates a predictive significance by employees’ behaviours; thus, the findings support the conclusion that the selected behaviours are predictors of telecommunication industries employees’ OCB. This study revealed the importances of organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), affective commitment and continuance commitment among the telecommunication industries employees’in Mogadishu, Somalia. These findings also have implications for telecommunication industries and managers to reflect and extend employees’ organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)

Comparison of intraperitoneal honey and sodium hyaluronate-carboxymethylcellulose (SeprafilmTM) for the prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions

BACKGROUND: Abdominal surgery can lead to postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions (PIAAs) with significant morbidity and mortality. This study compares the use of honey with a standard bioresorbable membrane (Seprafilm tm) to prevent the formation of PIAAs in rats. METHODS: Thirty rats underwent laparotomy, and PIAAs were induced by scraping the cecum. The animals were divided into three groups, each containing ten rats. Group 1 (control) represented the cecal abrasion group, with no intraperitoneal administration of any substance. Group 2 (honey group) underwent cecal abrasion and intraperitoneal administration of honey. Group 3 (Seprafilm tm group) underwent cecal abrasion and intraperitoneal Seprafilm tm application. RESULTS: Group 1 exhibited higher adhesion scores for adhesions between the abdominal wall and the organs. Groups 2 and 3 had decreased adhesive attachments to the intra-abdominal structures. Compared to group 1, the incidence of adhesion formation was lower in both group 2 (p=0.001) and group 3 (p=0.001). The incidence of fibrosis was also lower in group 2 (p=0.016) and group 3 (p=0.063) compared to group 1. There was no significant difference between the histopathological fibrosis scores for the rats in group 2 and those in group 3 (p= 0.688). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that both honey and Seprafilm tm decrease the incidence of PIAAs in the rat cecal abrasion model. Although the mechanism of action is not clear, intraperitoneal administration of honey reduced PIAAs. The outcome of this study demonstrates that honey is as effective as Seprafilm tm in preventing PIAAs

Comparison of Intraperitoneal Honey and Sodium Hyaluronate-Carboxymethylcellulose (Seprafilm™) for the Prevention of Postoperative Intra-Abdominal Adhesions

BACKGROUND: Abdominal surgery can lead to postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions (PIAAs) with significant morbidity and mortality. This study compares the use of honey with a standard bioresorbable membrane (Seprafilm tm) to prevent the formation of PIAAs in rats. METHODS: Thirty rats underwent laparotomy, and PIAAs were induced by scraping the cecum. The animals were divided into three groups, each containing ten rats. Group 1 (control) represented the cecal abrasion group, with no intraperitoneal administration of any substance. Group 2 (honey group) underwent cecal abrasion and intraperitoneal administration of honey. Group 3 (Seprafilm tm group) underwent cecal abrasion and intraperitoneal Seprafilm tm application. RESULTS: Group 1 exhibited higher adhesion scores for adhesions between the abdominal wall and the organs. Groups 2 and 3 had decreased adhesive attachments to the intra-abdominal structures. Compared to group 1, the incidence of adhesion formation was lower in both group 2 (p=0.001) and group 3 (p=0.001). The incidence of fibrosis was also lower in group 2 (p=0.016) and group 3 (p=0.063) compared to group 1. There was no significant difference between the histopathological fibrosis scores for the rats in group 2 and those in group 3 (p= 0.688). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that both honey and Seprafilm tm decrease the incidence of PIAAs in the rat cecal abrasion model. Although the mechanism of action is not clear, intraperitoneal administration of honey reduced PIAAs. The outcome of this study demonstrates that honey is as effective as Seprafilm tm in preventing PIAAs