1,244 research outputs found
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
This sixth symposium covers process control processes and issues involved in the conversion of fossil fuels into synthetic fuels
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
The objective of this study was to assess the health and environmental impacts of fluidized-bed combustion of coal (FBC), specifically as applied to base-load generation of electrical energy by utilities. The public health impacts of Fluidized-Bed Combustion (FBC) plants are expected to be quite similar to those for Low Sulfur Coal (LSC) and Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) plants because all appear to be able to meet Federal emission standards; however, there are emissions not covered by standards. Hydrocarbon emissions are higher and trace element emissions are lower for FBC than for conventional technologies. For FBC, based on an analytical model and a single emission data point, the polycyclic organic material decreases the anticipated lifespan of the highly exposed public very slightly. Added health protection due to lower trace element emissions is not known. Although there is a large quantity of solid wastes from the generating plant, the environmental impact of the FBC technology due to solid residue appears lower than for FGD, where sludge management requires larger land areas and presents problems due to the environmentally noxious calcium sulfite in the waste. Fixing the sludge may become a requirement that increases the cost of wet-limestone FGD but makes that system more acceptable. The potential for aquatic or terrestrial impacts from hydrocarbon emissions is low. If application of AFBC technology increases the use of local high-sulfur coals to the detriment of western low-sulfur coal, a sociological benefit could accrue to the FBC (or FGD) technology, because impacts caused by western boom towns would decrease. The infrastructure of areas that mine high-sulfur coal in the Midwest are better equipped to handle increased mining than the West
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
Representatives of the Laboratories of the International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources gathered between 28 June and 2 July, 1982 at Argonne National Laboratory for their sixth meeting, ICANS-VI. The meeting was the first opportunity for participants to see Argonne's Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, which went into full operation in August, 1981, and in an important sense celebrated the coming-on-line of this most recent entry into the world's complement of the new generation of neutron sources. The main topics of the meeting were "Targets and Moderators" and "Neutron Scattering Instrumentation", following what has become the customary rotation of subjects. An additional topic, "Nuclear Data and Codes" emerged this time as a separate entity, closely related to the Targets and Moderators subjects. These Proceedings are organized roughly in the order and organization of presentations. In addition, a record of some of the discussions is included following each Status Report, and separate summaries of discussions on various subjects of the topical sessions. The manuscripts have been reproduced essentially as received
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
Many of Argonne National Laboratory`s (ANL`s) scientific staff members were very active in R & D work related to accelerator-based spoliation sources in the 1970s and early 1980s. In 1984, the Seitz/Eastman Panel of the National Academy of Sciences reviewed U.S. materials science research facilities. One of the recommendations of this panel was that the United States build a reactor-based steady-state source, the Advanced Neutron Source (ANS), at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Subsequently, R & D activities related to the design of an accelerator-based source assumed a lower priority. The resumption of pulsed-source studies in this country started simultaneously with design activities in Europe aimed at the European Spallation Source (ESS). The European Community funded a workshop in September 1991 to define the parameters of the ESS. Participants in this workshop included both accelerator builders and neutron source users. A consortium of European countries has proposed to build a 5-MW pulsed source, and a feasibility study is currently under way. Soon after the birth of the ESS, a small group at ANL set about bringing themselves up to date on pulsed-source information since 1984 and studied the feasibility of upgrading ANL`s Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) to 1 MW by means of a rapidly cycling synchrotron that could be housed, along with its support facilities, in existing buildings. In early 1993, the Kohn panel recommended that (1) design and construction of the ANS should be completed according to the proposed project schedule and (2) development of competitive proposals for cost-effective design and construction of a 1-MW pulsed spallation source should be authorized immediately
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
The term modeling in the Workship title refers to the mathematical analysis of the consequences of many collision processes for characterizing the physical stage of radiation actions. It requires as input some knowledge of collision cross sections. Traditionally, work on cross sections and work on the modeling are conducted by separate groups of scientists. It was the purpose of the Workshop to bring these two groups together in a forum that would promote effective communication. Cross-section workers described the status of their work and told what data were available or trustworthy. Modeling workers told what kind of data were needed or were most important. Twenty-two items from the workshop were prepared separately for the data base
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
Quarterly report summarizing work by Argonne National Laboratory on water-reactor-safety heat-transfer and flow problems
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
This report presents an initial evaluation of the major health and environmental issues associated with increased coal use in the six midwestern states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin is presented. Using an integrated assessment approach, the evaluation proceeds from a base-line scenario of energy demand and facility siting for the period 1975 to 2020. Emphasis is placed on impacts from coal extraction, land reclamation, coal combustion for electrical generation, and coal gasification. The range of potential impacts and constraints is illustrated by a second scenario that represents an expected upper limit for coal utilization in Illinois. Included are: (1) a characterization of the energy demand and siting scenarios, coal related technologies, and coal resources, and (2) the related impacts on air quality, water availability, water quality, and human health
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
Progress report on water-reactor-safety heat-transfer and flow problems. Covering the following research and development areas: loss-of-coolant accident research, transient fuel response and fission-product release program, mechanical properties of zircaloy containing oxygen, and steam-expulsion studies
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Argonne National Laboratory Reports
Quarterly progress report discussing loss-of-coolant accident research, transient fuel response and fission-product release program, mechanical properties of zircaloy containing oxygen, and steam-explosion studies
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