Associação entre síndrome metabólica e categoria profissional: estudo transversal com profissionais de Enfermagem

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación que hay entre el Síndrome Metabólico y sus componentes y los profesionales de Enfermería de la Atención Primaria de Salud en el estado de Bahía, Brasil, según la categoría profesional. Método: estudio transversal, de base poblacional y multicéntrico realizado con 1.125 profesionales de Enfermería. La variable independiente fue la categoría profesional, dicotomizada en niveles de educación técnica y superior. El resultado fue Síndrome Metabólico siguiendo los criterios del National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III a partir de mediciones antropométricas y muestras de sangre. El análisis estadístico se realizó calculando las razones de prevalencia y utilizando la prueba de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: la prevalencia de Síndrome Metabólico fue mayor en la categoría de nivel técnico (RP=1,64; IC 1,29 - 2,06; p≤0,01). Dichos profesionales tenían mayor edad, menor ingreso, más guardias y realizaban menos actividad física de forma regular que los Enfermeros. En los Enfermeros, el componente más prevalente fue el colesterol alterado (40,5%); en los Técnicos en Enfermería/Auxiliares fue la obesidad abdominal (47,3%). Conclusión: fue evidente la asociación entre la categoría de Enfermería y el Síndrome Metabólico, fue mayor en los profesionales de nivel técnico.Objective: to evaluate the association of Metabolic Syndrome and its components among Primary Health Care Nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil, according to professional category. Method: a cross-sectional, population-based and multicenter study conducted with 1,125 Nursing professionals. The independent variable was the professional category, dichotomized into technical and higher education levels. The outcome was Metabolic Syndrome following criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III based on anthropometric measurements and blood samples. The statistical analysis was performed by calculating the prevalence ratios and using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Results: the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome was higher in the technical level category (PR=1.64; CI=1.29 - 2.06; p≤0.01). When compared to Nurses, these professionals were older, had lower incomes, worked more on duty and performed less physical activity on a regular basis. Among the Nurses, the most prevalent component was altered cholesterol (40.5%) and among the Nursing Technicians/Assistants, it was abdominal obesity (47.3%). Conclusion: the association between the Nursing category and Metabolic Syndrome was evident, with higher occurrence among technical level professionals.Objetivo: avaliar a associação da Síndrome Metabólica e dos seus componentes entre os profissionais de Enfermagem da Atenção Primária à Saúde do estado da Bahia, Brasil, segundo a categoria profissional. Método: estudo transversal, populacional e multicêntrico conduzido com 1.125 profissionais de Enfermagem. A variável independente foi a categoria profissional, dicotomizada em nível técnico e superior de ensino. O desfecho foi a Síndrome Metabólica seguindo os critérios da National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, a partir de aferições antropométricas e de amostras sanguíneas. A análise estatística deu-se pelo cálculo das razões de prevalência e pelo Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: a prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica foi maior na categoria de nível técnico (RP=1,64; IC 1,29 - 2,06; p≤0,01). Estes profissionais quando comparados com os Enfermeiros eram mais velhos, tinham renda inferior, trabalhavam mais em regime de plantão e realizavam menos atividades físicas de maneira regular. Entre Enfermeiros, o componente mais prevalente foi o colesterol alterado (40,5%); entre Técnicos de Enfermagem/Auxiliares, a obesidade abdominal (47,3%). Conclusão: ficou evidente a associação entre categoria de Enfermagem e Síndrome Metabólica, cuja ocorrência foi maior entre profissionais de nível técnico

Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals of basic health care

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among the Primary Health Care nurses in a city of Bahia Southwest. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted with 60 nursing professionals of primary care. We used a sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were tabulated using SPSS, version 22.0, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The prevalence of Burnout Syndrome was 58,3% according to the criteria of Grunfeld et al, and 16,7% according to Ramirez et al., they have found high levels in the dimension depersonalization (48,3%). and low job satisfaction (56,6%). The prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in the study population was high, as was the high rate predisposition to develop this syndrome. Conclusions: The study pointed out the need to implement preventive and interventional measures to ensure a beneficial and promising health work environment

CONHECIMENTO SOBRE BIOSSEGURANÇA ENTRE MANICURES: NECESSIDADE DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE

Objetivo: Identificar os conhecimentos sobre biossegurança de manicures, caracterizando-as quanto aos seus dados sociodemográficas e laborais. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, epidemiológico, realizado em um município de Minas Gerais, através de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados a partir da estatística descritiva. Resultado: Do total, 72 (98,63%) eram mulheres; idade média de 33,81 anos, a maioria tinha renda familiar de até dois salários mínimos; 64 (87,67%) não tinham registro em carteira. Quanto ao conhecimento sobre esterilização, 26 (36,63%) lavavam os materiais antes, 47 (64,38%) utilizavam a estufa, 14 (19,18%) não realizavam nenhum procedimento e somente  46 (63,01%) usavam  luvas. Do total, 56 (22,67%) acreditavam que poderiam desenvolver LER/DORT. Ressalta-se que 47 (64,38%) fizeram cursos profissionalizantes e 65 (89,04%) receberam orientações sobre a correta forma de limpeza, desinfecção e esterilização.  Conclusão: São necessárias políticas públicas enfocando à saúde do trabalhador, além de ações de educação em saúde voltadas a esta categoria.Descritores: Saúde do Trabalhador; Enfermagem; Centros de Embelezamento e Estética; Saúde das Mulheres

Factors associated with occupational and non-occupational viral hepatitis infections in Brazil between 2007–2014

Introduction and Objectives: Viral hepatitis is an endemic and epidemic disease of relevance in public health. This study estimated the frequency of viral hepatitis by occupational and non-occupational infections and analyzed the factors associated with case notifications in Brazil from 2007 to 2014. Material and methods: This was an exploratory epidemiological study using the Notifiable Diseases Information System database. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: The frequency of viral hepatitis by occupational infections was 0.7%, of which 1.3% were due to hepatitis A virus (HAV), 45.1% hepatitis B virus (HBV), and 45.3% hepatitis C virus (HCV). There was a significant association of the disease with female sex [AOR = 1.31; P = 0.048], schooling [AOR = 1.71; P < 0.001], occupation [AOR = 2.74; P < 0.001], previous contact with an HBV or HCV-infected patient [AOR = 5.77; P < 0.001], exposure to accidents with biological materials [AOR = 99.82; P < 0.001], and hepatitis B vaccination [AOR = 0.73; P = 0.033]. Conclusion: While there was a low frequency of viral hepatitis by occupational infections in Brazil from 2007 to 2014, these findings might be underreported and have been associated with individual and occupational characteristics. This reinforces the need for the adoption of prevention strategies in the workplace and for completeness of case notifications

Immunoglobulin E Antileishmanial Antibody Response in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

High levels of antileishmanial immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are associated with disease activity in visceral leishmaniasis. Herein, we report our observations about the relationship between antileishmanial IgE antibodies and clinical aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis. This study was carried out with 45 patients (29 male and 16 female), with ages ranging from 11 to 48 years. All subjects were from an area to which leishmaniasis is endemic, Corte de Pedra (Bahia, Brazil), and the duration of the illness was ≤30 days. The patients were classified as positive or negative for IgE serology in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with leishmanial antigens. IgE antibodies were detected in 18 patients (optical density, 0.421 ± 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.27 to 0.57), and only 3 (17%) had more than one ulcer. In this group the diameter of Montenegro’s reaction was 18 ± 12.2 mm. In the group with negative IgE serology, 11 of 27 patients (48%) presented two or more cutaneous ulcers, and the mean of the skin test result was 9 ± 6.9 mm. There was a positive correlation between IgE antibody levels and Montenegro’s reaction size and an inverse correlation between IgE antileishmanial antibodies and the number of skin ulcers. The presence of antileishmanial IgE antibodies in cutaneous leishmaniasis may be a result of immunoregulatory events with clinical implications

Burnout syndrome and abdominal adiposity among Primary Health Care nursing professionals

Abstract Background Accumulation of abdominal adiposity (AA) constitutes a risk factor for heart and coronary diseases and for metabolic complications. Research suggests that stress is related to adipogenesis. The burnout syndrome (BS) is linked to stress due to the chronicity of work stress. The objective of this study is to estimate the association between BS and AA in Primary Health Care (PHC) nursing practitioners. Methods This is confirmatory cross-sectional study with 189 workers from nine municipalities in Bahia, Brazil. The dependent variable was AA, measured by waist circumference. The independent variable was the BS, diagnosed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Sociodemographic and job characteristics, lifestyle, and human biology were taken as covariates and were evaluated as modifiers or confounders by the homogeneity tests and by comparison with the adjusted Mantel-Haenszel test, respectively. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the association between BS and AA, adjusted for covariates. The adequacy of the final regression model was evaluated by the model’s goodness of fit test and the area under the ROC curve. Results BS prevalence was 10.6% and AA 54%. The variables age, education, hypertension, diabetes, working time, and high emotional exhaustion were associated with AA. An association was found between BS and AA (1.63 adjusted prevalence ratios; 95% CI, 1.29 to 2.06) even after age and working time adjustment. Conclusion The results suggest an association between BS and AA in the analyzed professionals. A significant prevalence of burnout and AA is highlighted

Evidências científicas sobre a associação entre burnout e síndrome metabólica: revisão integrativa

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre a associação entre Síndrome de Burnout e Síndrome Metabólica. Métodos Revisão integrativa da literatura, com buscas nas bases de dados do Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, Scientific Eletronic Library Online e Springer Link. Os artigos selecionados foram analisados de acordo com a Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Resultados A maioria (80%) dos 5 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de seleção estava na língua inglesa e indexada nas bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus. Dentre os trabalhos, 80% tinham médicos como autores principais. O continente asiático (Israel, Japão e China) concentrou a maior parte de produção. Não ocorreu predominância de desenho de estudo. A área financeira correspondeu a 60% do público pesquisado. Conclusão As evidências disponíveis na literatura são incipientes, apenas 20% dos artigos elegíveis apresentou associação entre as síndromes estudadas e os demais, indicam associação entre Burnout e componentes da SM separadamente

Burnout e níveis de proteína c-reativa: revisão integrativa da literatura

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre a associação entre Síndrome de Burnout (SB) e níveis de proteína C-reativa. Métodos Revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, sem limite de data, com diferentes desenhos de estudo, disponíveis eletronicamente nas bases de dados do Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scopus, Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), Science Direct e Springer Link. Os artigos selecionados foram analisados de acordo com a Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Resultados Foram analisados 7 artigos. Na maior parte dos estudos, houve associação positiva entre Burnout e níveis elevados de proteína c-reativa, apesar dos resultados gerais serem contraditórios. A maioria dos artigos que atenderam aos critérios de seleção encontrava-se em língua inglesa e indexados na base de dados CINAHL. O continente europeu concentrou a maior parte de produção. Houve predominância de desenho de estudo transversal. Conclusão Apesar da associação positiva entre Burnout e níveis elevados de proteína c-reativa os resultados dessa revisão sugerem a realização de novos estudos mais robustos na tentativa de explicar a relação entre SB e PCR

Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study’s findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals