Central Nervous System Involvement of T-cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia Diagnosed with Stereotactic Brain Biopsy: Case Report

Prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) is a generalized malignancy of the lymphoid tissue characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal lymphocytes, usually of B cell type. Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is an extremely rare complication of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). We describe a case of T-PLL presenting with symptomatic infiltration of the brain that was histopathologically proven by stereotactic brain biopsy. We emphasize the importance of rapid diagnosis and immediate treatment for patients presenting with CNS involvement and a history of leukemia or lymphoma

Leptospiral Lymphadenopathy: Case Report

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that can involve many organs and it has variable manifestations. In this paper, we describe epitrochlear lymph node involvement as an isolated finding in a case of anicteric leptospirosis, that, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported. The lymph node was excised and light microscopy showed enlarged secondary follicles with prominent germinal centers, some with bizarre shapes along with an increase in high endothelial venules. A Warthin-Starry stain revealed spirochetal organisms which were cork-screw shaped with hooked ends. Serology for leptospira confirmed this bacterium as the etiology of the reactive lymphadenopathy while tests for syphilis and borreliosis were negative

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Calcium Chloride Extravasation Injuries: An Experimental Animal Study

Aim: Parenteral alimentation fluids containing calcium are widely used to treat sick neonates and children. Extravasation of calcium presents with local swelling, erythema, blistering and progresses to skin necrosis and skin loss. Several treatment modalities including hyperbaric oxygen therapy have been used for extravasation injuries. The role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on extravasation injuries was investigated in this study by an experimental rat model based on facilitating effect of hyperbaric oxygen on wound healing. Methods: After shaving the dorsal side of 16 female Wistar rats, 1 ml of calcium chloride were injected intradermally. The rats were divided into two groups as control and hyperbaric oxygen. The control group received no treatment while the hyperbaric oxygen group received hyperbaric oxygen therapy for 7 days after injection. At the end of seventh day skin biopsy including all necrotic tissue and surrounding healthy tissue were obtained and histopathologic examination was performed for control and hyperbaric oxygen groups. Results: Hyperbaric oxygen group showed a statistically significant preservation of epidermis and dermis with minimal necrosing findings of skin injury. Conclusion: Although further research is required to develop management guidelines, we concluded that in this experimental study, hyperbaric oxygen therapy prevents dermal injury and may decrease the morbidity associated with calcium chloride extravasation injury