L'educació a les Illes Balears

La educación en las Islas Baleare

Las conductas fraudulentas del alumnado universitario español en las evaluaciones: valoración de su gravedad y propuestas de sanciones a partir de un panel de expertos

This paper focuses on the fraud in the evaluations perpetrated by the Spanish university students and its regulation by the universities as a device to combat it. From the analysis of the literature and the consultation of a panel of experts through the administration of a questionnaire in two rounds, the main fraudulent behaviours in the evaluations are identified. Subsequently, based on the opinions of the experts, it is determined, on the one hand, the level of seriousness of each of the fraudulent behaviours and, on the other, the type of sanctions applicable according to their severity. The analysis of the degree of concordance of the experts on these issues suggests that, although there are some elements that present a significant consensus, there continue to be important divergences in some fundamental criteria when assessing and punishing the fraudulent behaviour of students in the evaluations The results offered can be useful for the development and implementation of educational policies against academic dishonesty based on normative devices.Este trabajo se centra en el fraude en las evaluaciones por parte del alumnado universitario español y su reglamentación por parte de las universidades como dispositivo para combatirlo. A partir del análisis de la literatura y la consulta a un panel de expertos mediante la administración de un cuestionario en dos rondas se identifican los principales comportamientos fraudulentos en las evaluaciones.  Posteriormente, a partir de las opiniones de los expertos se determina, por una parte, el nivel de gravedad de cada uno de los comportamientos fraudulentos y, por otra, el tipo de sanciones aplicables según su gravedad. El análisis del grado de concordancia de los expertos en torno a estas cuestiones sugiere que, si bien hay algunos elementos que presentan un consenso significativo, continúan habiendo importantes divergencias en algunos criterios fundamentales a la hora de valorar y sancionar los comportamientos fraudulentos del alumnado en las evaluaciones. Los resultados ofrecidos pueden ser de utilidad para la elaboración y desarrollo de políticas educativas contra la deshonestidad académica basadas en dispositivos normativo

Opposite effects of moderate and extreme Cx43 deficiency in conditional Cx43-deficient mice on angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis

Connexin 43 (Cx43) is essential for cardiac electrical coupling, but its effects on myocardial fibrosis is controversial. Here, we analyzed the role of Cx43 in myocardial fibrosis caused by angiotensin II (AngII) using Cx43fl/fl and Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl inducible knock-out (Cx43 content: 50%) mice treated with vehicle or 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) to induce a Cre-ER(T)-mediated global deletion of the Cx43 floxed allele. Myocardial collagen content was enhanced by AngII in all groups (n = 8-10/group, p < 0.05). However, animals with partial Cx43 deficiency (vehicle-treated Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl ) had a significantly higher AngII-induced collagen accumulation that reverted when treated with 4-OHT, which abolished Cx43 expression. The exaggerated fibrotic response to AngII in partially deficient Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl mice was associated with enhanced p38 MAPK activation and was not evident in Cx43 heterozygous (Cx43+/- ) mice. In contrast, normalization of interstitial collagen in 4-OHT-treated Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl animals correlated with enhanced MMP-9 activity, IL-6 and NOX2 mRNA expression, and macrophage content, and with reduced α-SMA and SM22α in isolated fibroblasts. In conclusion, our data demonstrates an exaggerated, p38 MAPK-dependent, fibrotic response to AngII in partially deficient Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl mice, and a paradoxical normalization of collagen deposition in animals with an almost complete Cx43 ablation, an effect associated with increased MMP-9 activity and inflammatory response and reduced fibroblasts differentiation

Educació i cultura : revista mallorquina de pedagogia

Resumen tomado parcialmente de la publicación. Este trabajo es un resumen de la ponencia que con el mismo título presentaron los autores al VIII Seminario Interuniversitario de Teoría de la Educación que se celebró en Valencia del 30 de octubre al 2 de noviembre de 1988Se plantea la cuestión ambientalista desde el marco de la educación social. Se trata de un ejercicio de clarificación y análisis de las esferas de relación entre ambas pedagogías. Se concluye que la dialéctica entre pedagogía social y pedagogía ambiental no parece que haya aportado conclusiones interesantes a ninguno de los dos campos pues son pedagogías claramente diferenciadas. Se constata la valoración e importancia social de la pedagogía ambiental, y que el conocimiento social es el entorno sustentador e incidiente de la pedagogía ambiental. Se reafirma la necesidad de implementar planes de mejora socioambiental tanto de la sociedad como de la naturaleza y apoyar la fomración específica en pedagogía ambiental.BalearesES

Educació i cultura : revista mallorquina de pedagogia

Se habla de la definición de isomorfismo dada por Bertalanffy (similitudes estructurales que presentan hechos y fenómenos totalmente distintos así como las ciencias que los estudian), para enseñar la unidad de la ciencia en general y de la unidad entre Pedagogía y Ecología en particular, como modelos sistémicos. A partir de esto se propone la posibilidad de una Ecología de la Educación (o estudio de sistemas educativos en relación con su medio) de la cual se puede desprender dos disciplinas: la Ecología Escolar en el ámbito institucional y la Urban Education de índole extra escolar exclusivamente urbana.BalearesES

Recommendations for confronting vocational education dropout: a literature review

[eng] Despite the importance of the subject of the early school leaving, there are few researches about success and dropout pathways in Vocational Education and Training, while there are many studies centered in other educational levels. This article aims to respond to the following questions: What role do practical recommendations play in research on vocational education dropout? To which specific areas of the educational intervention do these recommendations refer? What specifically are the main practical recommendations for reducing vocational education dropouts? A review of the existing scientific literature has been conducted. A total of 60 documents have been located and analyzed. Results suggests that the main body of recommendations are focused on advising and counseling of students while the recommendations aimed at changing the institutional environment and organization and the teaching staff competences and characteristics are of less concern

Potential of landrace winery by-products (<i>Vitis vinifera L.</i>) as a source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties

Aim: To evaluate the potential of the main winery by-products – pressed pomaces, fermented pomaces and stems –, derived from minor grape varieties (Escursac, Gorgollassa and Sabater as red varieties, Giró ros and Quigat as white varieties) native to the Balearic Islands (Spain), as raw material for the production of phenolic concentrates with antioxidant properties. Methods and results: Total phenolics, tannins and anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant capacity of winery by-products were spectrophotometrically evaluated and compared to those of Cabernet sauvignon and Chardonnay varieties. In general, stems presented higher average total phenolic (5.57 ± 1.25 g/100 g dm) and total tannin (10.26 ± 2.10 g/100 g dm) contents than the corresponding pomaces, with the landrace variety Escursac being that which exhibited the highest values (p < 0.05). For pomaces, those sampled after the fermentation process presented larger amounts of polyphenols than those collected just after the pressing process, and the fermented pomaces from the autochthonous varieties Escursac and Sabater were those with the highest potential. Conclusion: The present research demonstrated that landrace minor varieties denoted similar, or even higher, phenolic and antioxidant potential than the reference grape varieties. The characterization performed might be the basis for their integrated use and revalorization as promising sources of phenolic concentrates, despite not having still undergone the selection process that the traditional grape varieties have been subjected to as a result of decades of intensive production. Significance and impact of the study: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of winery by-products from grape varieties native to the Balearic Islands are examined. Due to the increasing use of these minor grape varieties in winemaking, the phenolic characterization of their by-products is of great interest for the wine sector, which could exploit these underutilized resources more efficiently and extensively so as to support sustainable agricultural production