(Re)Construint relacions de parentiu : una aproximació a les famílies recompostes mixtes (Catalunya)

La crítica de Schneider (1984) al parentiu com a domini analític va suposar que sorgissin noves reflexions en torn a la manera d'analitzar les múltiples transformacions que han succeït en aquest àmbit. Canvis que qüestionen les concepcions culturals occidentals basades principalment en el "parentiu de sang", és a dir, en la biogenètica, a l'hora d'establir relacions de parentiu. En aquest article es proposa analitzar els processos de construcció de paternitat i maternitat en el context de les famílies recompostes mixtes, residents a Catalunya, des de la perspectiva de la Antropologia del Parentiu centrada en la criança, socialització i adscripció de la nova prole al grup. Es presenten les propostes teòriques i metodològiques utilitzades per a l'anàlisi d'aquestes realitats familiars i s'exposen els resultats més rellevants fruit del treball de recerca del Màster corresponent a la primera i segona fase de l'estudi longitudinal proposat. Cal destacar la innovació que la temàtica presenta, doncs a més d'aportar nova informació i coneixement etnogràfic a un tema força estudiat des de l'Antropologia, s'està treballant amb un focus de població de difícil accés ja que no apareix fàcilment en censos o registres oficials.Schneider (1984) criticism to kinship as an analytic domain made possible that new reflections around the way we analyze the multiple transformations that have been arosen in this field. These changes bring in to question the cultural conceptions based mainly on blood kinship, which is to say in biogenetics, when we establish kinship relationships. It is proposed in this article to analyze the parenthood construction processes in the context of mixed step-families living in Catalunya, seen through the Anthropology of Kinship focused on parenting, socialization and adscription of new offspring into the group. Theoretical and methodological proposals used for the analysis of these familiar realities are presented here. Afterwards the most relevant results out coming from the final master project dealing with the first and second phase of the longitudinal analysis are exposed. The innovation that this topic presents needs to be highlighted, because besides the contribution of new information and ethnographic knowledge about a common studied topic in anthropology, we are working with a spotlight population due to it's hardly to appreciate in census or official registers

(Re)Construint relacions de parentiu : una aproximació a les famílies recompostes mixtes (Catalunya)

La crítica de Schneider (1984) al parentiu com a domini analític va suposar que sorgissin noves reflexions en torn a la manera d'analitzar les múltiples transformacions que han succeït en aquest àmbit. Canvis que qüestionen les concepcions culturals occidentals basades principalment en el "parentiu de sang", és a dir, en la biogenètica, a l'hora d'establir relacions de parentiu. En aquest article es proposa analitzar els processos de construcció de paternitat i maternitat en el context de les famílies recompostes mixtes, residents a Catalunya, des de la perspectiva de la Antropologia del Parentiu centrada en la criança, socialització i adscripció de la nova prole al grup. Es presenten les propostes teòriques i metodològiques utilitzades per a l'anàlisi d'aquestes realitats familiars i s'exposen els resultats més rellevants fruit del treball de recerca del Màster corresponent a la primera i segona fase de l'estudi longitudinal proposat. Cal destacar la innovació que la temàtica presenta, doncs a més d'aportar nova informació i coneixement etnogràfic a un tema força estudiat des de l'Antropologia, s'està treballant amb un focus de població de difícil accés ja que no apareix fàcilment en censos o registres oficials.Schneider (1984) criticism to kinship as an analytic domain made possible that new reflections around the way we analyze the multiple transformations that have been arosen in this field. These changes bring in to question the cultural conceptions based mainly on blood kinship, which is to say in biogenetics, when we establish kinship relationships. It is proposed in this article to analyze the parenthood construction processes in the context of mixed step-families living in Catalunya, seen through the Anthropology of Kinship focused on parenting, socialization and adscription of new offspring into the group. Theoretical and methodological proposals used for the analysis of these familiar realities are presented here. Afterwards the most relevant results out coming from the final master project dealing with the first and second phase of the longitudinal analysis are exposed. The innovation that this topic presents needs to be highlighted, because besides the contribution of new information and ethnographic knowledge about a common studied topic in anthropology, we are working with a spotlight population due to it's hardly to appreciate in census or official registers

Epidemiological and clinical assessment of a shared territorial malaria guideline in the 10 years of its implementation (Barcelona, North Metropolitan Area, Catalonia, Spain, 2007–2016)

Abstract Background Malaria remains a major source of morbi-mortality among travellers. In 2007, a consensual multicenter Primary Care-Hospital shared guideline on travel-prior chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis and clinical management of imported malaria was set up in the Barcelona North Metropolitan area. The aim of the study is to assess the evolution of malaria cases in the area as well as its clinical management over the 10 years of its implementation. Results A total of 190 malaria cases, all them imported, have been recorded. The overall estimated malaria crude incidence was of 0.47 cases per 10,000 population/year (95% CI 0.34–0.59) with a slight significant positive slope especially at the expense of an increase in Indian sub-continent Plasmodium vivax cases. The number of patients who attended the pre-travel consultation was low (13.7%) as well as those with prescribed chemoprophylaxis (10%). Severe malaria was diagnosed in 34 (17.9%) patients and ICU admittance was required in 2.6% of them. Organ sequelae (two renal failures and one post-acute distress respiratory syndrome) were recorded in 3 patients at hospital discharge, although all three were recovered at 30 days. None of the patients died. Patients complying with severity criteria were significantly males (p = 0.04), came from Africa (p = 0.02), were mainly non-immigrant travellers (p = 0.01) and were attended in a hospital setting (p < 0.001). The most frequently identified species was Plasmodium falciparum (64.2%), P. vivax (23.2%), Plasmodium malariae (1.6%) and Plasmodium ovale (1.1%). Those patients diagnosed with P. falciparum malaria came more often from sub-Saharan Africa (p < 0.001) and those with P. vivax came largely from the Indian sub-continent (p = 0.003). Among the 126 patients in whom an immunochromatographic antigenic test was performed, the result was interpreted as falsely negative in 12.1% of them. False negative results can be related to cases with <1% parasitaemia. Conclusions After 10 years of surveillance, a moderate increase in malaria incidence was observed, mostly P. vivax cases imported from the Indian sub-continent. Although severe malaria cases have been frequently reported, none of the patients died and organ sequelae were rare. Conceivably, the participation of the Primary Care and the District and Third Level Hospital professionals defining surveillance, diagnostic tests, referral criteria and clinical management can be considered a useful tool to minimize malaria morbi-mortality

Emergency Atrial Fibrillation Registry of the Catalan Institute of Health (URGFAICS): analysis by type of atrial fibrillation and revisits within 30 days

Objectives: To study the characteristics of patients attending a hospital emergency department (ED) with de novo or previously diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF), and to determine the rate of revisits for AF within 30 days of discharge. Material and methods: Prospective multicenter, observational cohort study of patients aged 18 years or older who came to 5 Catalan EDs with symptoms of AF or who were found to have AF on examination. We recorded demographic information and data related to the acute episode and ED management on the first or other visits within 30 days. Results: We had complete follow-up data for 1052 of the 1199 patients initially registered. The mean (SD) age was 73 (13) years, and 646 (53.9%) were women. AF had already been diagnosed in 652 (54.4%). Patients with diagnosed AF were older, had more concomitant conditions, and were more likely to be taking antiarrhythmic and/or anticoagulant drugs. Pharmacologic management in the ED was similar. The 30-day revisiting rate was 7.9% , and revisits were more frequent when digoxin was used in the ED and/or calcium channel blockers were prescribed on discharge. Conclusion: We detected differences between ED patients with de novo FA and previously diagnosed FA, but management of the 2 groups was similar. The 30-day revisiting rate was associated with use of digoxin in the ED and the prescription of calcium channel blockers on discharge

Multicenter study of parenteral nutrition in non-critically ill elderly patients compared to younger patients - Study IAIOS-PN (Incidence and Assessment of Iatrogenesis in Older Subjects receiving Parenteral Nutrition)

OBJECTIVE: this study assessed the incidence of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and liver function test (LFT) alterations among patients older and younger than 65 years receiving parenteral nutrition (PN). A secondary objective was to compare the incidence of any of these three events. MATERIAL AND METHODS: inclusion criteria were non-critically ill adult inpatients receiving PN for ≥ 7 days in 15 hospitals in Spain. Exclusion criteria were hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, LFT alterations, sepsis, shock, pancreatic/hepatobiliary surgery, renal failure, diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1, insulin-treated DM type 2, acute DM complications, or obesity prior to PN. Patients were classified into groups YOUNG (aged 35-64) and OLD (aged 65-95). RESULTS: this study recruited 200 patients. Group YOUNG included 63 (31.5%) patients and OLD, 137 (68.5%). Hyperglycemia appeared in 37 (18.5%) patients, eight (12.7%) in group YOUNG and 29 (21.2%) in group OLD (p = 0.174). Hypertriglyceridemia appeared in only one (0.7%) patient. LFT alterations appeared in 141 (70.5%) patients, 44 (69.8%) in group YOUNG and 97 (70.8%) in group OLD (p = 1.000). The model for hyperglycemia included DM type 2, previous surgical procedure, and use of hyperglycemia-inducing medications. The model for LFT alteration included previous surgical procedure, amount of lipids and amino acids, medications causing LFT alterations and a trend for age group. The model for any event included surgical procedure, DM type 2, and medications causing alterations. CONCLUSION: patients of ≥ 65 years receiving PN had similar incidences of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and LFT alterations as younger patients. Additionally, older patients had trends toward lower LFT alterations