PENGARUH HIPNOSIS TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR LEUKOSIT DAN TEKANAN DARAH IBU HAMIL PREEKLAMPSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN

Latar Belakang : Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Indonesia masih tinggi. Salah satu penyebab AKI adalah Preeklampsia. Pada ibu preeklampsia terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah dan peningkatan kadar leukosit. Upaya penanganan preeklampsia saat ini masih bersifat medikamentosa, belum mengarah pada kompelemntary terapi seperti hipnosis. Hipnosis adalah suatu kondisi relaksasi dan komunikasi bawah sadar. Hipnosis telah terbukti bermanfaat secara psikologis maupun medis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh hipnosis terhadap perubahan tekanan darah dan kadar leukosit ibu hamil preeklampsia di Wilayah Kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pekalongan. Metode: jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Experiment dengan desain penelitian pretest-posttest control group. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu 32 ibu hamil preeklampsia yang terbagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan perawatan kehamilan standar. Hipnosis dilakukan sebanyak 3x terapi. Hasil: ada perbedaan tekanan darah sebelum dan setelah hipnosis dengan p vlaue sistolik 0,025 dan p value diastolik 0,002. Ada perbedaan tekanan darah kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan setelah dilakukan hipnosis dengan p value sistolik 0,002 dan p value diastolik 0,013. Penurunan tekanan darah setelah hipnosis mencapai 20mmHg (sistole) dan 7,5mmHg (diastole). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan kadar leukosit sebelum dan setelah hipnosis dengan p value 0,089. Hasil analisis univariate terjadi penurunan rata-rata leukosit kelompok perlakuan mencapai 433,125/mm 3. Simpulan: hipnosis berpengaruh terhadap penurunan tekanan darah dan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kadar leukosit pada ibu preeklampsia. Kata kunci: kadar leukosit, tekanan darah, hipnosis. Background : Mortality rate in Indonesia is still hight today. The most of causes preeclampsia is preeclampsia. In mother with preeclampsia have a hight blood pressure and leucocyte. Preeclapmsia just treat based on convensional medicamentosa, not yet complement by complementary therapy such as hypnosis. Hypnosis is a rilex condition and terapis communication which is done in subconscious mind. The benefit of hypnosis can increase physic and psychis health. Objektif of this researh is to analyze the effect of hypnosis on blood pressure and luecocyte change in pregnancy women with preeclampsia in Pekalongan Regional Primary Health Centre. Methode: this study is Quasi Experiment with pretest-posttest control group design. The subject of this study are 32 pregnant women with preeclampsia which is divided into 2 groups: control and experiment group. Result: there is the difference of blood pressure before and after hypnosis with p vlaue for sistole is 0,025 and p vlaue for diastole is 0,002. There is the difference of blood pressure between control and experiment group with p value of sitole is 0,002 and p value for diastole is 0,013. The decrease of sistole up to 20mmHg and the decrease of diastole up to 7,5mmHg. There is no difference of leucocyte before and after hypnosis with p value 0,089. The result of univariate analyze show that the decrease of leucocyte in experimental group is up to 433,125/mm. Conclusion: hypnosis effective on decrease blood pressure in pregnant women with preeclampsia, but not effective significantly on decrease leucocytein pregnant women with preeclampsia. Keyword: leucocyte, blood pressure, hypnosis

EFEKTIVITAS GEL LIDAH BUAYA SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF TINDAKAN KEPERAWATAN PADA XEROSIS DAN PRURITUS PENDERITA GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK (DI RSUD KOTA SEMARANG)

Penatalaksanaan pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) yaitu pengobatan segera terhadap infeksi untuk mencegah infeksi sampai ke ginjal karena pasien mengalami penurunan imunitas. Pasien GGK hampir semua memiliki gangguan dermatologis, diantaranya xerosis dan pruritus. Penanganan farmakologis banyak menimbulkan efek samping. Salah satu bahan alami adalah lidah buaya. Lidah buaya sebagai pelembab, antibiotik dan mengatasi rasa gatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa efektifitas gel lidah buaya sebagai bahan alternatif tindakan keperawatan pada xerosis dan pruritus penderita GGK.Jenis penelitian ini adalah Eksperiment menggunakan pre test post test control group design, tehnik pengambilan sampel dengan random sampling. Jumlah responden 36 orang yaitu : 18 orang kelompok kontrol pemberian lotion kulit gel placebo 2 kali sehari setelah mandi selama 3 hari dan 18 orang kelompok eksperiment dengan pemberian gel lidah buaya 2 kali sehari setelah mandi selama 3 hari. Observasi menggunakan lembar observasi modifikasi Akhyani dan rumus pruritus Stahl-backdahl. Dianalisis dengan uji paired sample T-test. Hasil Uji statistik menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna xerosis dan pruritus sebelum dan sesudah pemberian gel lidah buaya dengan nilai xerosis (p = 0.000) dan nilai pruritus (p=0.000). Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah Gel lidah buaya bisa dipertimbangkan menjadi bahan alternatif tindakan keperawatan pada xerosis dan pruritus penderita GGK. Kata kunci : Gel lidah buaya, Pruritus, Xerosis The management of patients with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is the immediate treatment of the infection to prevent infection to the patient's kidney due to decreased immunity. CRF patients almost all have dermatological disorders, including xerosis and pruritus. Pharmacological treatment causes a lot of side effects. One natural ingredient is aloe vera. Aloe vera as a moisturizer, antibiotics and as well itching. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of aloe vera gel as a material alternative to nursing implementations in xerosis and pruritus CRF patients in Semarang hospitals. This type of research is experiment with using pretest posttest control group design, selection sampling with random sampling taking random table. The number of respondents 36 people, that are 18 people giving the control group a placebo gel skin lotion 2 times daily after bath for 3 days and 18 people experimental group with the administration of aloe gel 2 times daily after bath for 3 days. Observations using Akhyani modifications observation sheet and formula Stahl-Backdahl pruritus. Xerosis and pruritus difference in the two groups were analyzed by paired samples T-test, while the relationship with the respondent characteristics xerosis and pruritus were analyzed by independent sample T-test and corelations. Statistical test results showed no significant difference xerosis and pruritus before and after administration of aloe vera gel with xerosis value (p = 0.000) and the value of pruritus (p = 0.000).The implication of this study is the Aloe vera gel can be considered to be alternatives to nursing implementations xerosis and pruritus patients with CRF. Keywords : Aloe vera gel , Pruritus, xerosi

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SABUN CAIR YANG MENGANDUNG DAUN TEH HIJAU TERHADAP JUMLAH CANDIDA ALBICANS : Pada Pasien Leukorea di Puskesmas Kota Cirebon

Latar Belakang Penyebab keputihan disebabkan oleh adanya jamur yang merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit infeksi pada manusia, dan candida albicans merupakan spesies jamur yang paling pathogen. Karena kandungan polifenol dan flavonoid sebagai antioksidan dapat merusak radikal bebas, bersifat antibakteri, antioksidan, antifungi, antiradiasi dan mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker maka teh hijau sangat bermanfaat untuk pasien dengan leukorea. Tujuan PenelitianPenelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahuipengaruh penggunaan sabun cair yang mengandung daun teh hijau terhadap jumlah candida albicans pada pasien leukorea. Metode PenelitianPenelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan non random pretest and posttest with control group design. Populasi adalah pasien yang mengalami keputihan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 16 responden yang terdiri dari kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji beda sampel berpasangan yaitu dengan wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Hasil Penelitian Ada perbedaan jumlah candida albicans sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada kelompok intervensi dengan mean atau rerata 3756,25 dan 238,75 ada perbedaan jumlah candida albicans sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pada kelompok kontrol dengan mean atau rerata 6899 dan 6241,31. Hasil uji t test independent didapatkan ada pengaruh penggunaan sabun cair yang mengandung daun teh hijau terhadap jumlah candida albicans dengan p value 0,000<0,05 Kesimpulan Pemanfaatan daun teh hijau untuk mengurangi jumlah candida albicans pada pasien leukorea sehingga perlunya diproduksi daun teh hijau untuk masyarakat khususnya perempuan. Kata Kunci : Daun teh hijau, candida albicans, pasien leukorea. Background leucorrhea caused by fungus. Human infection can also cause by fungus. Then, candida albicans is one of fungus species that most pathogens. It is because candida albicans contain polyphenol and flavonoid as the antioxidants which can damage the free radicals. It tends to antibacterial, antioxidant, antifugus, anti radiation, and can detain cancer growth. Due to that reason, green tea is very useful for leucorrhea patients. Research purpose the research purpose is to know the influence of using liquid soap that contains green tea toward the amount of candida albicans in leucorrhea patients. Research method this research used quasyexperimental by using non random pretest and posttest with one control group design. The Population of this research are all leucorrhea patients in Cirebon health center, then this experiment conduct to 16 respondents which included in intervention and control group. The data analysis used Wilcoxon signed rank test to test the difference of the sample. Results there arethe differences amount of candida albicans between before and after treatment on intervention groups, its shows from the mean are 3756, 25 and 238, 75. The differences also seen on the control group, which is the mean are 6899 and 624, 31. The independent t test result shows that there is influences in using green tea liquid soap toward the amount of candida albicans, it proven by p value 0,000 < 0, 05 Conclusion green tea can be usedtodecrease the amount of candida albicans on leukorhea patients. So, it is need to produce the green tea soap for women personal hygiene. Key word : green tea, candida albicans, leucorrhea patient

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI, FAKTOR K3 (KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA) DAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN LEPTOSPIROSIS: Sebuah Studi Pada Pekerja Sektor Informal di Kota Semarang Tahun 2013-2016

Latar Belakang: Leptospirosis adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen Leptospira, yang ditularkan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Kasus Leptospirosis menunjukkan tren yang semakin meningkat dan persebaran di Kota Semarang semakin meluas. Penelitian mengenai Leptospirosis sudah banyak dilakukan, tetapi hubungan antara karakteristik demografi, faktor K3 dan lingkungan yang terfokus pada pekerja sektor informal sejauh ini masih belum jelas dan sangat jarang dilakukan. Sehingga penulis tertarik untuk meneliti hubungan antara karakteristik demografi, faktor K3 dan lingkungan terhadap kejadian Leptospirosis pada pekerja sektor informal di Kota Semarang. Metode: jenis penelitian observasional dengan rancangan kasus kontrol. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja sektor informal di Kota Semarang, yang dibatasi pada petani, petugas kebersihan, buruh (tani, serabutan, bangunan) dan pedagang tradisional. Jumlah sampel 41 kasus dan 41 kontrol. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan metode regresi logistik backward LR. Hasil: Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Leptospirosis pada pekerja sektor informal adalah umur (18-40 tahun) p=0,017; aOR=42,22; 95%CI=1,9-906,5, jenis kelamin (laki-laki) p=0,017; aOR=37,01, 95%CI=1,9-718,6; riwayat luka pada saat bekerja p=0,042; aOR=10,85; 95%CI=1,8-108,24; kondisi sanitasi rumah (buruk, skor <60%) p=0,025; aOR=25,25; 95%C=1,5-423,3; dan Riwayat kontak dengan sumber infeksi p=0,003; aOR=56,98; 95%CI=3,8-849,2. Simpulan: Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Leptospirosis pada pekerja sektor informal adalah faktor karakteristik demografi, K3 dan Lingkungan. Saran: menjaga kondisi sanitasi dan melakukan pengendalian tikus di rumah serta di tempat kerja, penggunaan APD, dan perawatan luka terbuka. Kata kunci: Leptospirosis, Faktor risiko, K3, Lingkungan, Pekerja Sektor Informal Background: Leptospirosis is a disease caused by pathogenic bacteria called Leptospira, which is transmitted directly or indirectly. Leptospirosis occurrences have tended to increased with widespread distribution. There were many of Leptospirosis study. However, the relation between demographic characteristic, occupational health and safety (OHS), and environmental factors foccusing on the workers of informal sectors was unclear. The objectives of study were to measure the association between demographic characteristics, OHS and environmental factors with Leptospirosis in the workers of informal sectors. Methods: an observational study with case-control design. Popupation of the study were all of workers of the informal sectors in Semarang City, it is including, but not limited to farmers, cleaning worker, laborers (farming, construction, handyman) and traditional market worker. There are 41 cases and 41 controls. Analysing data was perform by univariant, bivariant, and multivariant. Results: The main risk factors were age (18–40 years old) p=0,017; aOR=42,22; 95%CI=1,96-906,55; Gender (male) p=0,017; aOR=37,01, 95%CI=1,9-718,6; history of open wound during working p=0,042; aOR=10,85; 95%CI=1,08-108,24; home sanitation (poor, with score <60%) p=0,025; aOR=25,25; 95%CI=1,5-423,3; and history of contact with the source of infection p=0,003; aOR=56,98; 95%CI=3,8-849,2. Conclusion: Demographic characteristics, OHS, and environmental factors were associated with Leptospirosis. Suggestion: keeping sanitation in good condition, controlling the population of mice both in the home and in the working place, applying PPE (personal protective equipment), and treating open wounds carefully. Keywords: Leptospirosis, occupational health and safety, environmental, workers of informal sectors

Efektvitas Topikal Salep Ekstrak Binahong(AnrederaCordifolia (Tenore) Steenis)terhadap Proses Penyembuhan Luka Ulkus Diabetik Pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus Novergicus)

. Gangrene is a complication caused by an infection or an inflammatory process in the advanced stages of wound caused by degenertive changes or less intensive treatmen is associated with diabetes melitus. If it does not receive proper care and treatment will be at risk in doing amputation. Binahong plant containing compound flavanoid, alkaloid, terpenoid, vitamin C, protein dan saponin. Objective: To examine the effectiveness topically ointment binahong extrct to the healing wound process in diabetic ulcer mice galur wistar (Rattus Novergicus)The kind of research this is true experimental design , to the research pretest - posttest control group design. The subject of study that is 27 the tail of a mouse galur wistar (Rattus Novergicus) given galur wistar that is divided into three groups that is control (NaCl 0,9%), ointmen binahong ekstract dose 40 percent and ointmen binahong ekstract dose 40 percent. Parameter for observation using Bates Jansen Wound Assesment Tools, the value of leukocytes and makrophages value.Results: on the Post Hock test showed betwen the control NaCl 0,9% and ointment binahong extrct dose 50% on day 7, 14 and 21 to have p = 0,000. Reviewed ointnment binahong extract dose 40% and ointnment binahong extract dose 50% have p=0,155 or significant. However, on day 21 had value insignificant. Although there was no difference on day 21, when seen from the average difference ointment binahong ekstract dose 50% that is 15,67 and ointment binahong ekstract dose 40% that is 17,11 that has meaning that ointment binahong ekstract dose 50% more effectively accelerte wound heling than ointment binahong ekstract dose 40%.Microscopic observatns showed the value of leukocytes and macrophages in the value binahong 50% less than in control NaCl 0,9% and ointment binahong extrct dose 40%.Conclusions : Treatment atointment binahong extrct dose 50% more effective in accelerting the healing of wound diabetic ulcer for 21days within comparison control NaCl 0,9% and ointment binahong extrct dose 40%

The Impact of Batik Sewage Disposal Towards The Quality of Dug-Well Water in The Batik Industry Center of Jenggot Pekalongan City

The development of batik industry in Indonesa today is quite rapid after batik has been acknowledged by UNESCO as the intangible world heritage from Indonesia. Pekalongan City is well-known as “Batik City” and it is one of the biggest batik industry centers in Indonesia with its 917 batik industries. Jenggot (administrative) village is one of the biggest batik industry centers in Pekalongan with 203 artisans of batik indstries. The process of batik making needs some dye of synthetic one containing heavy metals one of which is Pb. The present condition, most of the batik industry sewage in Jenggot goes straight to the environment without prior treatment. The purpose of this research is to find out the impact of the disposal of batik sewage containing heavy metal Pb towards the quality of dug-well water around the areas of batik sewage disposal.This is descriptive analytical research with cross-sectional approach method. The research was conducted by taking direct samples of sewage in the community of batik industries, i.e the sample that floods the residential drain and the sample of dug well around the sewage flood. The sample was tested in the laboratory with the AAS instrument.The result of this study, out of  67 samples of batik sewage, showed 17 samples (25.4%) contained heavy metal Pb above the quality standar set, i.e 0.03 mg/L. Twenty (20) samples (29.9%) out of 67 samples of water puddle in the residential areas was above the standard quality set, i.e 0.03 mg/L. As to the quality of dug well, it was found 129 samples (61.4%) out of 210 kinds of well water contained heavy metal Pb above standard quality set, i.e. 0.01 mg/L.This result showed that the quality of environment has declined marked by the polluted dug-well water of the inhabitants around the batik industry center in Jenggot Pekalongan