Meconium microbiome and its relation to neonatal growth and head circumference catch-up in preterm infants

The purpose was identify an association between meconium microbiome, extra-uterine growth restriction, and head circumference catch-up. Materials and methods: Prospective study with preterm infants born <33 weeks gestational age (GA), admitted at Neonatal Unit and attending the Follow-Up Preterm Program of a tertiary hospital. Excluded out born infants; presence of congenital malformations or genetic syndromes; congenital infections; HIV-positive mothers; and newborns whose parents or legal guardians did not authorize participation. Approved by the institution’s ethics committee. Conducted 16S rRNA sequencing using PGM Ion Torrent meconium samples for microbiota analysis. Results: Included 63 newborns, GA 30±2.3 weeks, mean weight 1375.80±462.6 grams, 68.3% adequate weight for GA at birth. Polynucleobacter (p = 0.0163), Gp1 (p = 0.018), and Prevotella (p = 0.038) appeared in greater abundance in meconium of preterm infants with adequate birth weight for GA. Thirty (47.6%) children reached head circumference catch-up before 6 months CA and 33 (52.4%) after 6 months CA. Salmonella (p<0.001), Flavobacterium (p = 0.026), and Burkholderia (p = 0.026) were found to be more abundant in meconium in the group of newborns who achieved catch-up prior to 6th month CA. Conclusion: Meconium microbiome abundance was related to adequacy of weight for GA. Meconium microbiome differs between children who achieve head circumference catch-up by the 6th month of corrected age or after this period

Os aspectos bio-psico-sociais da ginástica na empresa

Orientador: Ricardo Weigert CoelhoMonografia (licenciatura) - Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Curso de Educação Físic

SAÚDE MENTAL, SERVIÇO SOCIAL E DIREITOS HUMANOS: INTERFACES E DESAFIOS ÉTICO-POLÍTICOS NA PRODUÇÃO DO CUIDADO

Resumo O trabalho traduz o conjunto de reflexões sobre o campo da saúde mental realizado por pesquisadores assistentes sociais em diferentes regiões brasileiras. Expressa o acúmulo de conhecimento até então produzido, evidenciando a contribuição do Serviço Social para a construção da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira antimanicomial. A defesa dos direitos humanos do/as usuários/as com transtorno mental e suas famílias é princípio comum entre o projeto da reforma psiquiátrica e o projeto hegemônico da profissão de serviço social e baseia as discussões apresentadas. O foco centra-se na produção do cuidado e nos avanços político-legais que já foram conquistados na efetivação da política de saúde mental

Process of construction of the guiding dimensions for interactive school projects: the basis in the spatial perception of students with visual impairments

O artigo trata da Percepção Espacial, investigada sob a ótica dos projetos escolares focados nos alunos com restrições visuais do Ensino Fundamental, tendo seus estudos iniciados no curso de Mestrado, culminando na conclusão da Tese de Doutoramento de uma das autoras. Demonstra parte do processo de construção do Sistema Norteador de Projetos Interativos, essencialmente, a estruturação das dimensões norteadoras de um dos seus elementos estruturadores basilares, a Percepção Espacial. Focada nos seus propósitos, a pesquisa foi concretizada, sob um processo sistêmico, em três etapas: Conceitualização, Estruturação e Legitimação, orientadas pelo Design de Interação e aplicação de técnicas de pesquisas, tais como, a Análise de Conteúdo e Análise do Conceito. As Dimensões fundamentadas na percepção multissensorial estão alinhadas à proposta dos Projetos Interativos Escolares, os quais possuem como produto, o espaço físico tratado como sistema de artefatos. A pesquisa observa a importância da Interação Espacial em projetos escolares, propondo resultados que favorecem aos leitores interessados no fenômeno tratado. Contempla pesquisadores e profissionais envolvidos no planejamento dos espaços físicos escolares, observando a PE como diretriz de projetos de escolas que buscam beneficiar à Inclusão Escolar, bem como, aqueles que desejem utilizar a orientação teórica e metodológica desta pesquisa para abordar outros contextos.El artículo trata de la percepción espacial, investigada desde la perspectiva de proyectos escolares centrados en estudiantes con restricciones visuales de la escuela primaria. Demuestra parte del construcción del Sistema interactivo de gestión de proyectos, esencialmente la estructuración de las dimensiones guía de uno de sus elementos básicos de estructuración, la Percepción espacial. Centrada en sus propósitos, la investigación se llevó a cabo, bajo un proceso sistémico, en tres etapas: conceptualización, estructuración y legitimación, guiada por el diseño de interacción y la aplicación de técnicas de investigación, como el análisis de contenido y el análisis conceptual. Las dimensiones basadas en la percepción multisensorial están alineadas con la propuesta de Proyectos Escolares Interactivos, que tienen como producto el espacio físico tratado como un sistema de artefactos. La investigación señala la importancia de la interacción espacial en los proyectos escolares, proponiendo resultados que favorezcan a los lectores interesados ​​en el fenómeno abordado. Contempla a investigadores y profesionales involucrados en la planificación de espacios físicos escolares, observando la educación física como una guía de proyectos escolares que buscan beneficiarse de la inclusión escolar, así como a aquellos que desean utilizar la orientación teórica y metodológica de esta investigación para abordar otros contextos.The theme of this article is the Spatial Perception, investigated from the&nbsp;perspective of school projects focused on students with visual&nbsp;impairment of Elementary School, whose studies started in the Mastercourse, culminating in the conclusion of a Doctoral Thesis of one of the&nbsp;authors. The objective is to demonstrate part of the process of&nbsp;construction of the Guide System of Interactive Projects, essentially thestructuring of the guiding dimensions of one of its basic structuring&nbsp;elements, Spatial Perception. Focused on its purposes, the research was&nbsp;carried out, under a systemic process, in three steps: Conceptualization,Structuring and Legitimation, guided by Interaction Design and&nbsp;application of research techniques, such as Content Analysis and&nbsp;Concept Analysis. The Guiding Dimensions, based on multisensory&nbsp;perception are aligned with the proposal of Interactive School Projects,&nbsp;which have as a product, the physical space treated as an Artifact&nbsp;System. The research notes the importance of Spatial Interaction in&nbsp;school projects, proposing results that favor readers interested in the&nbsp;subject and phenomenon addressed. It contemplates the researchers&nbsp;and professionals involved in the planning of school physical spaces,&nbsp;observing the SP as a guideline for school projects that seek to benefit&nbsp;School Inclusion..

Percepción de los profesionales de la salud acerca de la cultura de seguridad del paciente pediátrico

Enquadramento: A cultura de segurança de qualquer organização tem especial significado para os doentes, pagadores, gestores e prestadores de cuidados, sendo um fenómeno passível de ser avaliado nas várias dimensões que integra. Objetivo: Avaliar a cultura de segurança do doente pediátrico percecionada pelos profissionais de saúde. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo de cariz descritivo. A amostra é não probabilística, constituída por 258 profissionais de saúde a exercer funções em serviços pediátricos e neonatais de 2 hospitais/centros hospitalares portugueses. O instrumento baseia-se no Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Resultados: A maioria dos profissionais considera a segurança do doente boa ou muito boa. A dimensão Trabalho em Equipa destacou-se pela positiva, sendo o Apoio à Segurança do Doente pela Gestão e Resposta ao Erro não Punitiva consideradas problemáticas. Mais de 79% dos profissionais não notificou eventos/ocorrências nos últimos 12 meses. Conclusão: Estes dados sugerem ser necessário investir numa cultura de segurança que promova a notificação voluntária e não punitiva do erro e incidentes adversos.Abstract: Background: The safety culture of any organization holds special meaning for the patients, taxpayers, managers and care providers, and it is a phenomenon that can be assessed in its various dimensions. Objective: To assess the health professionals’ perceptions of the pediatric patient safety culture. Methodology: A quantitative descriptive study was conducted using a non-probability sample of 258 health professionals working in pediatric and neonatal units of 2 Portuguese hospitals/hospital centers. The instrument is based on the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Results: Most professionals consider patient safety to be good or very good. The Teamwork Within Units dimension stood out positively, whereas Management Support for Patient Safety and Non-Punitive Response to Errors dimensions were considered problematic dimensions. More than 79% of the professionals did not report any events/occurrences in the 12 months prior to data collection. Conclusion: These data suggest that it is necessary to invest in a safety culture that promotes voluntary and non-punitive reporting of errors and adverse events.Resumen: Marco contextual: La cultura de seguridad de cualquier organización tiene un significado especial para los pacientes, pagadores, administradores y cuidadores, y es un fenómeno sujeto a ser evaluado en las diversas dimensiones que integra. Objetivo: Evaluar la cultura de seguridad del paciente pediátrico percibida por los profesionales de la salud. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo de carácter descriptivo en una muestra no probabilística constituida por 258 profesionales de la salud de los servicios pediátricos y neonatales de 2 hospitales/centros hospitalarios portugueses. El instrumento se basa en la Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Resultados: La mayoría de los profesionales considera que la seguridad de los usuarios es buena o muy buena. La dimensión Trabajo en Equipo destacó positivamente, mientras que el Apoyo a la Seguridad del Paciente por la Dirección y Respuesta al Error no Punitiva se consideraron problemáticas. Más del 79% de los profesionales no notificó acontecimientos/incidentesen los últimos 12 meses. Conclusión: Estos datos sugieren que es necesario invertir en la concepción de una cultura de seguridad que promueva la notificación voluntaria y no punitiva del error y de los acontecimientos adversos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Extracurricular teaching in Ophthalmology: undergraduate study groups

This study aims at identifying the existence and at evaluating the functioning of undergraduate and facult y associations/study groups dedicated to continued education and community services in Ophthalmology. A cross-section descriptive survey based on a convenience sample was conducted by means of a questionnaire answered by residents and students from 107 Brazilian medical schools during the months February and March 2002. Twelve (11.21%) study groups in Ophthalmology were identified among these medical schools. Eleven (91.67%) of these 12 associations are controlled by their own by-laws. The admission criteria normally require having followed an introductor y course and / or admission exam. The number of students in the study groups varies between 9 and 30. Half of the groups admit students from the third year on. All study groups count on the participation of faculty members and 75% of them admit residents. The most common activities of the groups include attendance to regular classes and participation in communit y projects and scientific research. Though most of the study groups fulfill the requirements for providing primar y undergraduate Ophthalmologic education, the number of study groups is still not significant.O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a existência e avaliar o funcionamento de associações de docentes e alunos de graduação (núcleos, ligas, grupos de estudo e ações) dedicadas à complementação extracurricular do ensino de Oftalmologia e à prestação de ser viços comunitários. Realizou-se estudo transversal descritivo e compôs-se amostra de conveniência formada por estudantes de graduação de Medicina e residentes em Oftalmologia das 107 faculdades de Medicina do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista, mediante aplicação de questionário, em fevereiro e março de 2002. Encontraram-se 12 ligas de Oftalmologia. O critério de seleção para ingresso inclui, na maior parte, presença em curso introdutório e/ou realização de prova. O número de membros varia de 9 a 30. Metade das ligas aceita alunos a partir do terceiro ano de graduação. Todas as associações apresentam participação de docentes, e 75%, de residentes. As atividades mais comuns incluem participação em aulas teóricas e em projetos comunitários, atendimento em ambulatório e/ou pronto-socorro e realização de pesquisa científica. A maioria das ligas de Oftalmologia preenche os requisitos para suplementar o ensino de Oftalmologia na graduação médica, porém o número de ligas ainda é pequeno.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade de São PauloUniversidade Estadual de CampinasUNIFESPSciEL

Mythology: a methodological approach for the Historian of Classic Antiquity

ABSTRACT The central theme of this article is the application of semiotic analysis as a methodology in the historical analysis of the myth present in Dio Chrysostom&apos;s Discourses, a Bythinian philosopher who lived in the Roman Empire between the years 40 and 115 AD

Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Brazilian Dentists Regarding Silver Diamine Fluoride

Objective: Current acceptability, barriers to use, and clinical/teaching practices of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) among Brazilian dentists were investigated. Material and Methods: A Google forms questionnaire was sent to dentists (n=10,500) to collect information about the use of SDF and the dentists' workplace, experience, specialty, and city of practice. A logistic regression model was performed. Results: From 409 respondents, 13.2% used SDF. Working at universities increased the use of SDF by 2.29 times (p=0.018) compared to private offices. Each training year, the chance of SDF usage increased by 3%&nbsp; (p=0.008). Pediatric dentists are more likely to use SDF (OR=6.76, p&lt;0.001). There is no association between SDF usage and the city of practice. The majority (75.9%) indicated SDF for noncompliant patients. Dentists (75.9%) reported the exclusive use in deciduous teeth, while 24.1% also use in permanent teeth. The main barrier for non-users was a lack of knowledge (58.3%), while for users, tooth staining (90.7%) and parental acceptance (64.8%) were the complaints. Conclusion: The Silver Diamine Fluoride is not a common product used by the dentists from RJ. Its clinical applicability should be further disseminated; thus, lack of scientific knowledge would cease to be a problem in the use of SDF to arrest caries lesions

Application of artificial vascular polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel grafts in sheep - our experience to date.

Researchers developed this project according with the tasks originally planned, so far focusing their research activities in the biocompatibility and functionality of vascular implants. The biocompatibility was studied by following the ISO standard 10993-6 for evaluation of medical devices through the evaluation and grading of inflammation caused by implants placed subcutaneously. The implants were placed in sheep and collected randomly at different time points of the experimental period and subsequently processed histologically and classified according to Annex E to the standard mentioned above. The functionality of vascular implants has been evaluated to date by replacement of segments of the carotid by ePTFE implants with 5 cm long and 4 mm in diameter, coated or not with cultured stem cells. The deployment of these prostheses has been performed in carotid arteries of sheep and their functional performance measured by vascular ultrasound in Doppler and B mode by measuring parameters such as: peak systolic / diastolic blood flow velocity, vascular diameters at implantation and at the periphery of these. These measurements are performed at various time points of the experiment were folloed by euthanasia of sheep and immediately sample collection for the implementation of techniques like immunohistochemistry, morphometry and scanning electronic microscopy. Complications were observed throughout the experimental period include the formation of thrombi after at the transition implantcarotid region and vascular dilatation as the most frequent, respectively, in periods of short-and long-term experiment