SIMULATION OF WAKE VORTEX AIRCRAFT IN GROUND EFFECT

The problem developed in this paper is encountered in airplane aerodynamics and concernsthe influence of long life longitudinal wake vortices generated by wing tips or by external obstaclessuch as reactors or landing gears. More generally it concerns 3D bodies of finite extension in crossflow. At the edge of such obstacles, longitudinal vortices are created by pressure differences inside theboundary layers and rotate in opposite senses. It can constitute a danger to another aircraft that fliesin this wake, especially during takeoff and landing. In this case the wake vortex trajectories andstrengths are altered by ground interactions. This study presents the results of a Large EddySimulation of wake vortex in ground effect providing the vorticity flux behavior

The nuclei of radio galaxies in the UV: the signature of different emission processes

We have studied the nuclei of 28 radio galaxies from the 3CR sample in the UV band. Unresolved nuclei (central compact cores, CCC) are observed in 10 of the 13 FR I, and in 5 of the 15 FR II. All sources that do not have a CCC in the optical, do not have a CCC in the UV. Two FR I (3C 270 and 3C 296) have a CCC in the optical but do not show the UV counterpart. Both of them show large dusty disks observed almost edge-on, possibly implying that they play a role in obscuring the nuclear emission. We have measured optical-UV spectral indices alpha_o,UV between ~0.6 and ~7.0. BLRG have the flattest spectra and their values of alpha_o,UV are also confined to a very narrow range. This is consistent with radiation produced in a geometrically thin, optically thick accretion disk. On the other hand, FR I nuclei, which are most plausibly originated by synchrotron emission from the inner relativistic jet, show a wide range of alpha_o,UV. There is a clear trend with orientation in that sources observed almost edge-on or with clear signs of dust absorption have the steepest spectra. These observations imply that in FR I obscuration can be present, but the obscuring material is not in a ``standard'' geometrically thick torus. The most striking difference between these absorbing structures and the classic AGN ``tori'' resides in the lower optical depth of the FR I obscuring material.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication on Ap

Modelling human choices: MADeM and decision‑making

Research supported by FAPESP 2015/50122-0 and DFG-GRTK 1740/2. RP and AR are also part of the Research, Innovation and Dissemination Center for Neuromathematics FAPESP grant (2013/07699-0). RP is supported by a FAPESP scholarship (2013/25667-8). ACR is partially supported by a CNPq fellowship (grant 306251/2014-0)