Comparisons of Hydrogeologic Modeling Methods to Define Capture Zones for Public Water Supply Wells in Northern Arkansas

The usefulness, applicability, and practicality of more complex and resource consuming methods for groundwater modeling has been in question since computer based groundwater modeling was established (Anderson, 1992). In many situations, computer modeling of groundwater flow is a necessity and useful for extrapolating data where none exists or it is impossible or impractical to acquire. However, when delineating a recharge area around a public water well for protection purposes, it is unknown if more detailed computer modeling results are better than simpler hydrologic calculations and site study. In the case of public drinking water supply wells located in various aquifers and with differing hydrodynamic processes, it may be useful to examine specific supply wells that have reasonable data. Then utilize a variety of modeling methods to fully analyze well hydrodynamics. By utilizing a variety of models for a few wells that have the best available hydrologic data, it can be determined whether complex and in depth modeling methods are warranted. This more specific information can then be extrapolated to other similar water supply wells to provide the most practical and economical methodology for groundwater modeling. It was discovered in this study that computer modeling did prove to be useful and effective when surface water influence of the water supply well may be occurring. The computer model provided detailed information on how the aquifer responds when a pumping supply well is present in close proximity to a surface water body. The computer modeling was also able to indicate that a water supply well was not under influence of a nearby surface water body which is equally important when capture zones are being established for protection purposes. Computer modeling of deeper wells, without the potential of surface water influence, proved less useful. Results from computer modeling and analytical models were highly varied, even when similar input values were utilized. Results were more questionable and less accurate in determining proper capture zones. The delineation of capture zones can be established fairly well utilizing analytical models. Some analytical model results did give a much smaller radius of influence than was determined by the computer model. However, it ultimately falls to the regulatory agencies to determine what extent of protection for a wellhead is deemed appropriate and feasible

Educational Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Perceptions of Parents and Teachers in a Northeast Tennessee School System.

This qualitative case study investigated the perceptions of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), special education teachers, and general education teachers in a Northeast Tennessee public school system regarding educational interventions for children with ASD including what interventions they have found effective, the barriers and challenges they have faced, and how they view their relationships with one another. Data were collected through interviews with a purposeful sample of 7 parents of 6 children with autism spectrum disorders, 8 special education teachers, and 6 general education teachers and a review of documents. Parent and teacher participants represented children at all levels on the autism spectrum, a variety of grade levels (PreK-12), and a wide range of educational placements. Data were analyzed using the constant comparison analysis method. Nine themes emerged describing parent and teacher perceptions of educational interventions they found effective for children with ASD. These themes were intensive early intervention using multiple methods; a structured learning environment; adult-mediated and peer-mediated interventions for social and communication skills; inclusion with a balance of direct services; support staff to facilitate inclusion; a functional approach to problem behaviors; alternative and augmentative communication interventions; and sensory-motor interventions. Barriers faced by parents and teachers included lack of training and knowledge; lack of time; challenges caused by characteristics of ASD; problematic teacher attitudes; problematic parent attitudes; transition issues; and need for additional services. Parents and teachers described factors that facilitate positive parent-teacher relationships including collaboration, teamwork, and support; on-going communication; IEP Team processes; and positive teacher relationships with autistic children. The current study helps to fill a gap in the existing research literature by adding to knowledge about parent and teacher perceptions of educational interventions for children with ASD. Recommendations are made based on study findings to provide parents and teachers with insights from other points of view that can facilitate mutual collaboration in meeting the educational needs of children with ASD

The effects of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate on fescue toxicosis

Three trials were conducted to determine whether hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) will alleviate fescue toxicosis or affect mineral metabolism. In the first of two in vitro experiments, buffered solutions indicated that ergotamine will bind with HSCAS at pH levels of pH 7.8 or less. In the second in vitro experiment, when timothy hay was the substrate incubated in ruminal fluid, recoveries of ergotamine were lower than in the first in vitro experiment which utilized buffer solutions. This suggests that feed or microbial particles adsorbed ergotamine. During in vitro post-ruminal digestion with acid-pepsin, more ergotamine was recovered from precipitated pellets when they contained HSCAS than when they did not, indicating adsorption of ergotamine to HSCAS. A rat growth study was conducted to determine whether signs of fescue toxicosis could be reduced by the addition of HSCAS to diets containing Acremonium coenophialum infested (E+) fescue seed. Inclusion of HSCAS in diets did not appear to reduce signs of fescue toxicosis. Rats fed diets containing E+ seed consumed less feed, gained less weight and had lower gain per unit of feed than did those consuming diets containing noninfested (E-) seed. Serum prolactin concentrations (PRL) and testes weights tended to be lower in rats receiving E+ diets than in rats pair-fed E- diets. A sheep metabolism trial was conducted to determine whether 2% dietary supplementation of HSCAS alleviated signs of fescue toxicosis and whether HSCAS interfered with mineral utilization. Serum sorbitol dehydrogenase activity suggested that HSCAS could help prevent hepatic cell destruction associated with consumption of E+ fescue. Ruminal pH and concentrations of ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations (VFA) and ammonia were similar among treatments. Sheep consuming HSCAS also had lower apparent absorptions of Mg, Mn and Zn than those not receiving HSCAS. Animals supplemented with HSCAS may need additional mineral supplementation with Mg, Mn and Zn

Improving functional outcomes for children and adolescents with anxiety related disorders through occupational thrapy : a narrative review ; Perceptions of the role of occupational therapy in community Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS)

Background/Aim: Children and adolescents experiencing anxiety find it challenging to maintain optimal occupational performance, thus the specific role of occupational therapy in the management of anxiety requires investigation. This narrative review examines the current available literature surrounding the use of occupational therapy approaches for children and adolescents experiencing anxiety. Methods: Academic journals as well as a variety of sources were considered, due to the paucity of literature surrounding this topic. Articles were included if they discussed the occupational therapy role in treatment of children experiencing anxiety symptoms, including anxiety related disorders such as post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Results: A total of eight articles that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included, in addition to other publications that referred to occupational therapy approaches with children or adolescents with a co-morbidity of anxiety. The findings are presented in the format of the Person Environment Occupation (PEO) model. Conclusions: Occupational therapy approaches include sensory based interventions, the use of creative activity within a counselling context and occupation based group therapy programs. Psycho-education as well as family and caregiver involvement during the therapy process was identified as an important occupational therapy role. Significance of the study: Further rigorous research regarding specific occupational therapy approaches is warranted to provide best practice guidelines for therapists involved in the treatment of anxiety for this population group

Do Balance Demands Induce Shifts in Visual Proprioception in Crawling Infants?

The onset of hands-and-knees crawling during the latter half of the first year of life heralds pervasive changes in a range of psychological functions. Chief among these changes is a clear shift in visual proprioception, evident in the way infants use patterns of optic flow in the peripheral field of view to regulate their postural sway. This shift is thought to result from consistent exposure in the newly crawling infant to different patterns of optic flow in the central field of view and the periphery and the need to concurrently process information about self-movement, particularly postural sway, and the environmental layout during crawling. Researchers have hypothesized that the demands on the infant's visual system to concurrently process information about self-movement and the environment press the infant to differentiate and functionalize peripheral optic flow for the control of balance during locomotion so that the central field of view is freed to engage in steering and monitoring the surface and potentially other tasks. In the current experiment, we tested whether belly crawling, a mode of locomotion that places negligible demands on the control of balance, leads to the same changes in the functional utilization of peripheral optic flow for the control of postural sway as hands-and-knees crawling. We hypothesized that hands-and-knees crawlers (n = 15) would show significantly higher postural responsiveness to movements of the side walls and ceiling of a moving room than same-aged pre-crawlers (n = 19) and belly crawlers (n = 15) with an equivalent amount of crawling experience. Planned comparisons confirmed the hypothesis. Visual-postural coupling in the hands-and-knees crawlers was significantly higher than in the belly crawlers and pre-crawlers. These findings suggest that the balance demands associated with hands-and-knees crawling may be an important contributor to the changes in visual proprioception that have been demonstrated in several experiments to follow hands-and-knees crawling experience. However, we also consider that belly crawling may have less potent effects on visual proprioception because it is an effortful and attention-demanding mode of locomotion, thus leaving less attentional capacity available to notice changing relations between the self and the environment

UA1B2/1/5 Oral History

Interview conducted by Paula Trafton with Charles Anderson, retired Vice President for Information Technology

Acesso e Permanência no Ensino Superior: um retrato da ação afirmativa na UNILA.

Relatório Final referente ao Edital IMEA 06/2018 "Estudos sobre a UNILA"IMEA-UNIL

Treatment of infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: approach to clinical practice

Polycystic ovary syndrome represents 80% of anovulatory infertility cases. Treatment initially includes preconception guidelines, such as lifestyle changes (weight loss), folic acid therapy to prevent the risk of fetal neural tube defects and halting the consumption of tobacco and alcohol. The first-line pharmacological treatment for inducing ovulation consists of a clomiphene citrate treatment for timed intercourse. The second-line pharmacological treatment includes the administration of exogenous gonadotropins or laparoscopic ovarian surgery (ovarian drilling). Ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins is effective with cumulative live birth rates of approximately 70%. Ovarian drilling should be performed when laparoscopy is indicated; this procedure is typically effective in approximately 50% of cases. Finally, a high-complexity reproduction treatment (in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection) is the third-line treatment and is recommended when the previous interventions fail. This option is also the first choice in cases of bilateral tubal occlusion or semen alterations that impair the occurrence of natural pregnancy. Evidence for the routine use of metformin in infertility treatment of anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome is not available. Aromatase inhibitors are promising and longer term studies are necessary to prove their safety

Invasive salmonellosis by the very rare salmonella choleraesuis in a returning traveler on a tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor

Salmonella choleraesuis is one of the least commonly reported nontyphoidal salmonellae in the United States, accounting for only 0.08% and ranking lower than 20th place among all human source salmonellosis reported to the CDC in 2009. In the state of Connecticut, only 12 cases have been reported since 1998 and our case is the only case since 2008. We report a case of invasive Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella choleraesuis in a patient on an antitumor necrosis factor-α agent (adalimumab) who recently returned from a trip to the Dominican Republic