Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei from Emission-Line Reverberation

Emission-line variability data for Seyfert 1 galaxies provide strong evidence for the existence of supermassive black holes in the nuclei of these galaxies, and that the line-emitting gas is moving in the gravitational potential of that black hole. The time-delayed response of the emission lines to continuum variations is used to infer the size of the line-emitting region, which is then combined with measurements of the Doppler widths of the variable line components to estimate a virial mass. In the case of the best-studied galaxy, NGC 5548, various emission lines spanning an order of magnitude in distance from the central source show the expected velocity proportional to inverse square root of the distance correlation between distance and line width, and are thus consistent with a single value for the mass. Two other Seyfert galaxies, NGC 7469 and 3C 390.3, show a similar relationship. We compute the ratio of luminosity to mass for these three objects and the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 and find that that the gravitational force on the line-emitting gas is much stronger than radiation pressure. These results strongly support the paradigm of gravitationally bound broad emission-line region clouds.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter

Penelusuran Banjir (Flood Routing) terhadap Muka Air Sungai dengan Metode Jaringan Saraf Tiruan (Studi Kasus DAS Kampar dan DAS Siak)

River water level data forecasting Qn to Qn+1 by using Artificial Neural Network model approach Backpropagation algorithm produces good value if the value of the correlation between upstream and downstream AWLR good enough, it can be seen from the process of training, testing and validation of the neural network that generates the value correlation learning high enough. Where in the wake of the artificial neural network model Backporagation algorithms using MATLAB programs, such as for this parameter is Epoch = 2000, Ir = 0.1, mc = 0.9. Data Variation 70 (training) and 30 (Tests), it is proven in testing the artificial neural network model is applied to predict water levels in 2012. So this data can be a flood early warning system in the downstream areas of the river

Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Pada Media Campuran Gambut Dengan Effluent Di Pembibitan Utama

This research aimed to observe the effect of deposited effluent application on land application in the peat medium on growth of palm oil seedlings in the main nursery. The research was conducted at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Jl. Bina Widya km 12.5 Simpang Baru Villae, Tampan District, Municipality of Pekanbaru. The experiment was conducted for 3 months, starts from February to April 2013. The research was conducted as experiments using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) non-factorial that consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications. To see the differences between treatments tested Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. Parameters were observed are increased seedling height, increased leaf number, increased diameter stump, root volume, dry weight ratio of roots and canopies of palm oil seedlings. Result of research have shown that effluent application with various doses significantly affected all parameters

A pilot evaluation of the practicality of the surrey virtual rehabilitation system: Perspectives from end-users

The Surrey Virtual Rehabilitation System (SVRS) was developed for clinical use in physiotherapy for children with cerebral palsy (CP). The overall aim of this work was to evaluate the practicality of the SVRS for three simple lower extremity exercises. Two children with CP, two clinical engineering trainees and a physiotherapist performed the tests whilst parents and a paediatric physiotherapist observed the exercise sessions. The feedback collected during an open-discussion and the descriptive analysis of responses to 15 closed-ended questions suggest that the participants were satisfied with the practicality of the SVRS. Outcome measures derived from data collected during the sessions indicate that the SVRS may provide clinically relevant feedback on the performance of patients for themselves and their treating clinicians. In conclusion, the SVRS appears practical for rehabilitation purposes and is worthy of further evaluation and development. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL BAKORUSIRU SISWA KELAS X-TKR3 SMK NEGERI 1 SEMARANG

?é?á Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui model Bakorusiru (Membaca Konsep dan Rumus Ditirukan Seluruh Kelas) pokok bahasan Elastisitas kelas X-TKR3 SMK Negeri 1 Semarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus merupakan rangkaian tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Rata-rata hasil belajar pada siklus I 67,5 sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 73,3

Perancangan Software Interface Pengendalian Lampu Lalu Lintas Simpang Lima Berbasis Mikrokontroller Atmega 8535

Design software interface controlling traffic light intersection ATMega8535 five-basic microcontroller is design to facilitate operator traffic light. This software design involves two different software,software Visual Basic 6.0 and CodeVision avr, Visual Basic 6.0 as a software interface that will send data and CodeVision avr as recipient of the data that is in its hardware. Sending and receiving data here using the existing serial port in komputere that use serial usb rs232 which serves to connect or bridge the respective software sendiri.Pengiriman data through the interface that Visual Basic 6.0, this shipment using the DO pin as data transmission (RX) which in usb serial and in ATMega8535 and received using D1 pin that serves as a data receiver (TX) .Each pin is connected using the USB serial rs232. This method allows an operator to use and change the time when need it. Because the software interface gives the ease of service at rush hour or operarator like solid hours already available, and only enter a number already there dikolom disediakan.Perpindahan in this column automatically, and a solid hour or busy can also be arranged according to the wishes of the operator

Penggunaan Media Kartu Domino Hidrokarbon untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Ketuntasan Belajar Siswa di Kelas X.10 SMA Negeri 5 Pekanbaru

The research problem that the writer found is that chemistry learning at class X.10 of SMAN 5 Pekanbaru is not condusive yet. In learning process, students are only as listeners and write notes if teacher write something on board. During learning process, students seldom ask a question. This research is aimed to know the improvement of students learning activity and mastery learning by using Hydrocarbon domino card at X.10 class of SMAN 5 Pekanbaru in academic year 2015/2016. This research is a class action research with two cycles in research design. The sample of this research was X.10 class which was given an action for improvement in learning process by using Hydrocarbon domino card media. The data collection was conducted by observing and giving tests. The data analysis technique was conducted descriptively by using percentage technique. Based on the result of the data analysis, it can be concluded that the use of Hydrocarbon domino card media can improve students learning activity and completeness at X.10 class of SMAN 5 Pekanbaru. It can be seen by the improvement of students learning activity from 69,72% at the first cycle to 85,97% at the second cycle and students learning completeness from 87,50% at the first cyle to 100% at the second cycle