Data analysis and interpretation : a handbook for postgraduate social scientists

This book is designed to assist postgraduate social science students and researchers to complete their thesis, dissertation or research projects. This book is equipped with a CD-ROM containing data from a Ph.D thesis. The data will be used from start till end, so that the reader could see the continuous application of various statistical tools and techniques to address the research questions identified. Emphasis is given to various SPSS procedures and selected qualitative techniques. Methods for conducting validity and reliability tests as well as subsequent descriptive and inferential analyses are presented in a logical manner. Finally, methods for interpreting and discussing the research findings are presented accordingly

Faktor Penentu Keberhasilan Pengelolaan Satuan Pendidikan

This study aims to evaluate the determinants of successful management of educational units in SMP 6 Seluma. The method in this research is evaluative. Data collection techniques used in this study are: interviews, documentation, observation and questionnaires. The result of this research showed the critical success factors in the management of the school leadership, teachers, students, school committee. Suggestions research; need the commitment of the school manager to constantly improve the competence and leadership role and teachers to constantly renew its ability to be able to adjust to the changes that occur both within the work environment or in the surrounding environment

Effect of the Model Application Setting Interactive Learning Cooperative Learning with Concern Interest and Capability to Initial Student Learning Outcomes Grade X MIA SMA State 2 Pangkajene

Penelitian eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran interaktif setting kooperatif dalam pembelajaran matematika siswa kelas X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Pangkajene Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. Unit eksperimen dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIA Thomas Alfa Edison sebagai kelas perlakuan dan kelas X MIA Ki Hajar Dewantara sebagai kelas kontrol. Unit eksperimen diambil secara random sampling 2 kelas dengan jumlah responden kelas perlakuan sebanyak 27 orang siswa dan kelas kontrol sebanyak 28 orang siswa. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui tes kemampuan awal siswa, tes hasil belajar matematika siswa, kuesioner minat belajar siswa, dan lembar keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran yang digunakan. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan menggunakan bantuan program pengolahan data statistik SPSS 20.0. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas X MIA Thomas Alfa Edison SMA Negeri 2 Pangkajene yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran interaktif setting kooperatif dikategorikan sedang dengan skor rata-rata 80,52 dengan standar deviasi 9,901 dari skor ideal 100. Minat belajar siswa dikategorikan tinggi dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 147,3 dari skor ideal maksimum 200. Sedangkan lembar keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran siswa dikategorikan terlaksana dengan sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata 3,858. Sedangkan hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas X MIA Ki Hajar Dewantara SMA Negeri 2 Pangkajene yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dikategorikan sedang dengan skor rata-rata 68,68 dengan standar deviasi 12 dari skor ideal 100. Minat belajar siswa dikategorikan tinggi dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 141,14 dari skor ideal maksimum 200. Sedangkan lembar keterlaksanaan model pembelajaran siswa dikategorikan terlaksana dengan sangat baik dengan skor rata-rata 3,68. Hasil analisis inferensial terhadap skor kemampuan matematika siswa kelas X MIA Thomas Alfa Edison SMA Negeri 2 Pangkajene yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran interaktif setting kooperatif menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran interaktif setting kooperatif dengan memperhatikan minat belajar dan kemampuan awal siswa. Hal tersebut dilihat dari Tabel Hasil Analisis Uji Analisis Kovarians. Dari output Tabel Hasil Analisis Uji Analisis Kovarians diperoleh Sig Corrected Model = 0,000. Nilai p-value lebih kecil dari α (0,05) yang berarti H_0 ditolak atau H_1 diterima. Dengan kata lain dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran interaktif setting kooperatif dengan memperhatikan minat belajar dan kemampuan awal siswa. Kata Kunci. Model Interaktif, Minat Belajar, Kemampuan Awal, Hasil Belaja

Board mechanisms and Malaysian Family Companies' Performance

Many overseas studies discussed the topic of corporate governance and performance in family companies, however, few studies have been conducted in Malaysia. The objective of this paper is to examine the board mechanisms and family companies’ performance using three performance indicators (Tobin’s Q, Earnings Per Share & Operating Cash Flow). The sample size is 189 family companies listed on Bursa Malaysia from 2003 to 2007. The findings from this study reveal that some of the board mechanisms influence family companies’ performance. This study evidenced that family companies with a large board size, low directors’ expertise and duality leadership contribute to higher family companies’ performance. However, this study found that the academic qualification of directors does not influence firm performance. Therefore, generally, regulators and investors need to be sensitive to the fact that family companies do have differences in corporate governance practices compared to non-family companies

Potential for using climate forecasts in spatio-temporal prediction of dengue fever incidence in Malaysia submitted

Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by the bite of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It is estimated that nearly 40% of the world’s population is now at risk from Dengue in over 100 endemic countries including Malaysia. Several studies in various countries in recent years have identified statistically significant links between Dengue incidence and climatic factors. There has been relatively little work on this issue in Malaysia, particularly on a national scale. This study attempts to fill that gap. The primary research question is ‘to what extent can climate variables be used to assist predictions of dengue fever incidence in Malaysia?’. The study proposes a potential framework of modelling spatio-temporal variation in dengue risk on a national scale in Malaysia using both climate and non-climate information. Early chapters set the scene by discussing Malaysia and Climate in Malaysia and reviewing previous work on dengue fever and dengue fever in Malaysia. Subsequent chapters focus on the analysis and modelling of annual dengue incidence rate (DIR) for the twelve states of Peninsular Malaysia for the period 1991 to 2009 and monthly DIR for the same states in the period 2001 to 2009. Exploratory analyses are presented which suggest possible relationships between annual and monthly DIR and climate and other factors. The variables that were considered included annual trend, in year seasonal effects, population, population density and lagged dengue incidence rate as well as climate factors such as average rainfall and temperature, number of rainy days, ENSO and lagged values of these climate variables. Findings include evidence of an increasing annual trend in DIR in all states of Malaysia and a strong in-year seasonal cycle in DIR with possible differences in this cycle in different geographical regions of Malaysia. High population density is found to be positively related to monthly DIR as is the DIR in the immediately preceding months. Relationships between monthly DIR and climate variables are generally quite weak, nevertheless some relationships may be able to be usefully incorporated into predictive models. These include average temperature and rainfall, number of rainy days and ENSO. However lagged values of these variables need to be considered for up to 6 months in the case of ENSO and from 1-3 months in the case of other variables. These exploratory findings are then more formally investigated using a framework where dengue counts are modelled using a negative binomial generalised linear model (GLM) with a population offset. This is subsequently extended to a negative binomial generalised additive model (GAM) which is able to deal more flexibly with non-linear relationships between the response and certain of the explanatory variables. The model successfully accounts for the large amount of overdispersion found in the observed dengue counts. Results indicated that there are statisti�cally significant relationships with both climate and non-climate covariates using this modelling framework. More specifically, smooth functions of year and month differentiated by geographical areas of the country are significant in the model to allow for seasonality and annual trend. Other significant covariates included were mean rainfall at lag zero month and lag 3 months, mean temperature at lag zero month and lag 1 month, number of rainy days at lag zero month and lag 3 months, sea surface temperature at lag 6 months, interaction between mean temperature at lag 1 month and sea surface temperature at lag 6 months, dengue incidence rate at lag 3 months and population density. Three final competing models were selected as potential candidates upon which an early warning system for dengue in Malaysia might be able to be developed. The model fits for the whole data set were compared using simulation experiments to allow for both parameter and negative binomial model uncertainty and a single model preferred from the three models was identified. The ‘out of sample’ predictive performance of this model was then compared and contrasted for different lead times by fitting the model to the first 7 years of the 9 years monthly data set covering 2001-2009 and then analysing predictions for the subsequent 2 years for lead time of 3, 6 12 and 24 months. Again simulation experiments were conducted to allow for both parameter and model uncertainty. Results were mixed. There does seem to be predictive potential for lead times of up to six months from the model in areas outside of the highly urbanised South Western states of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor and such a model may therefore possibly be useful as a basis for developing early warning systems for those areas. However, none of the models developed work well for Kuala Lumpur and Selangor where there are clearly more complex localised influences involved which need further study. This study is one of the first to look at potential climatic influences on dengue incidence on a nationwide scale in Malaysia. It is also one of the few studies worldwide to explore the use of generalised additive models in the spatio-temporal modelling of dengue incidence. Although, the results of the study show a mixed picture, hopefully the framework developed will be able to be used as a starting point to investigate further if climate information can valuably be incorporated in an early warning system for dengue in Malaysi

PERBANDINGAN KADAR ASAM LAKTAT SSB MALINO DENGAN SOMBA OPU FC SETELAH LATIHAN SUBMAKSIMAL

Di era perkembangan olahraga yang sangat membudaya baik di Indonesia maupun dunia Internasional dari mulai wanita maupun laki-laki, anak-anak, dewasa maupun tua, bahwa dengan berolahraga dapat meningkatkan prestasi, kesehatan dan kebugaran tubuh. Sehingga olahraga sebagai kebutuhan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kehidupan ini. Salah satunya pada olahraga prestasi, para atlet akan di berikan latihan-latihan yang dapat meningkatkan prestasinya, antara lain: latihan kondisi fisik yang dapat selalu bermanfaat menjaga kebugaran pada otot. Seperti yang diungkapkan oleh Bompa (1999) dan Sharkey (2002:166) bahwa olahragawan/atlet setiapharinya harus selalu di tuntut untuk mempunyai kondisi fisik yang prima diantaranya: menjaga kebugaran pada otot yang digunakan untuk kekuatan, kecepatan, kelincahan, koordinasi, daya ledak, kelentukan, keseimbangan, ketepatan, daya tahan dan reaksi. Manusia dalam melakukan kegiatan/aktivitas setiap hari membutuhkan energi, baik untuk bergerak maupun untuk bekerja. Kemampuan tubuh manusia untuk melangsungkan kegiatannya dipegaruhi oleh struktur fisiknya. Tubuh manusia tertdiri dari struktur tulang, otot, saraf, dan proses metabolisme. Rangka tubuh manusia disusun dari 206 tulang yang berfungsi untuk melindungi dan melaksanakan kegiatan fisiknya, dimana tulang-tulang tersebut dihubungkan dengan sendi-sendi otot yang dapat berkontraksi. Otot-otot ini berfungsi mengubah energi kimia menjadi energi mekanik, dimana kegiatannya dikontrol oleh sistem saraf sehingga dapat bekerja secara optimal. Hasil dari proses metabolisme yang tarjadi di otot, berupa kumpulan proses kimia yang mengubah bahan makanan menjadi dua bentuk, yaitu energi mekanik dan energi panas. Proses dari pengubahan makanan dan air menjadi bentuk energi. Bahan makanan yang diproses pada sistem pencernaan yang meliputi lambung diruai/dihaluskan menjadi seperti bubur, kemudian masuk ke usus halus untuk diserap bahan-bahan makanan tersebut yang selanjutnya masuk ke sistem peredaran darah, menuju ke sistem otot

Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Menyusui Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pemberian Asi Eksklusif

Latar Belakang: Pemberian ASI merupakan cara terbaik menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang sehat dan berkualitas. Saat ini pemberian ASI belum optimal dan cakupannya masih dibawah target yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi pengetahuan ibu tentang cara menyusui dan dampaknya terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif. Metode: Penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif ini memiliki desain studi cross-sectional. Sampel yang berjumlah 401 ibu ini diambil dengan menggunakan teknik mulstistage sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara terstruktur. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis univariat untuk menggambarkan variabel yang diteliti. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan ibu yang berkaitan dengan menyusui masih dikatagorikan rendah dan informasi/nasihat yang diberikan tenaga kesehatan terkait menyusui ini juga masih kurang. Hal ini diduga berdampak buruk terhadap buruknya kualitas pemberian ASI, yang dibuktikan rendahnya cakupan ASI eksklusif. Kesimpulan: Masih perlu upaya yang keras untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan merubah perilaku ibu agar menyusui bayi dengan optimal. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan tenaga kesehatan lebih meningkatkan perannya dalam memberikan informasi terkait ASI agar keberhasilan pemberian ASI bisa optimal

Guru pembelajar : modul pelatihan SD kelas awal kelompok kompetensi g

Pengembangan profesionalitas guru melalui program Guru Pembelajar (GP) merupakan upaya peningkatan kompetensi untuk semua guru. Sejalan dengan hal tersebut, pemetaan kompetensi guru telah dilakukan melalui uji kompetensi guru (UKG) untuk kompetensi pedagogik profesional pada akhir tahun 2015. Hasil UKG menunjukkan peta kekuatan dan kelemahan kompetensi guru dalam penguasaan pengetahuan. Peta kompetensi guru tersebut dikelompokkan menjadi 10 (sepuluh) kelompok kompetensi. Tindak lanjut pelaksanaan UKG diwujudkan dalam bentuk pelatihan guru paska UKG melalui program Guru Pembelajar. Tujuannya untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru sebagai agen perubahan dan sumber belajar utama bagi peserta didik. Program Guru Pembelajar dilaksanakan melalui pola tatap muka, daring (online), dan campuran (blended) tatap muka dengan onlin

Design and development of piston-controlled intake port for 4-stroke engine

In a two stroke engine, piston control the intake port opening and closing that combine the intake and compression stroke in 1800 crank rotation. The operational concept of two stroke engine is applied to the existing four stroke engine cylinder head. The four stroke engine cycle is more fuel-efficient, clean burning and higher engine power output due to higher volumetric efficiency, higher combustion efficiency and low sensitivity to pressure losses in exhaust system. However, the four stroke engine is high manufacturing cost due to more components compared to the two stroke engine. The objective of this work is to study the existing base four stroke engine valvetrain, design and develop piston controlled intake port for the base Modenas engine. The work also describe the concept design process using theoretical calculation and Solidworks software with the animation and basic CFD simulation to indicates the flow pattern and compare to the original design. From the theoretical calculation is observed that, the torque and power increased up to 34.8% and 7.5% compare to the base engine. Flow simulation done at the intake stroke shows that there is improved in flow pattern with more uniform swirl generated but this new cylinder head design did not much different in velocity and pressure flow pattern. The power losses in the valvetrain will be reduce due to less energy output from crankshaft needed to drivethe upper crank arm. Furthermore, the upper piston will provide power during power stroke and instead of building whole new engine, replacing the existing cylinder head with this new cylinder head can significantly reduce cost, time to market and improve existing product reliability