Buenas prácticas de innovación docente en la Universidad de Córdoba

La iniciativa, que ha supuesto una inversión de 10.000 euros, consiste en el desarrollo de una herramienta de software que permite analizar los resultados de una serie de decisiones empresariales adoptadas por el alumnado que quiere participar en el proyecto de creación de una compañía

Morbidity for direct obstetric causes in the intensive care unit

Introducción: para la mayoría de las mujeres, la maternidad es una experiencia positiva y satisfactoria. Sin embargo, el embarazo es de gran riesgo para la mujer si influyen factores económicos, sociales, culturales y dependientes del sistema de salud.Objetivo: describir la morbilidad materna por causas directa en la unidad de cuidados intensivos.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en pacientes ingresadas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) del hospital general universitario “Carlos Manuel de Céspedes” de Bayamo, Granma, por causas obstétricas directas, el periodo comprendido desde el 1 de enero 2010 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2012, se seleccionaron todas las pacientes con embarazo o puerperio hasta los 42 días, ingresadas en la UCI, en total 72 pacientes. Se observó un discreto predominio de la enfermedad hipertensiva 26 pacientes (36,1 %), fundamentalmente en mujeres de menor edad.Resultados: las pacientes de mayor edad tuvieron diagnóstico de enfermedad hemorrágica, y el período gestacional de que predominó fue de 15 a 25 semanas.  El mayor número de maternas grave mostraron un índice de APACHE  II inferior a 10. La eclampsia agravada y la atonía uterina  predominaron dentro de las causas de ingresos. Conclusiones: se concluye que la enfermedad hipertensiva y la sepsis fueron las principales causas obstétricas directas de ingreso; pero sin existir en las pacientes un importante deterioro de las funciones fisiológicas de órganos y sistemas al medirse por las escalas para este fin empleadas habitualmente en la UCI. A pesar de ello, se presentaron complicaciones como el estado de choque y el fracaso renal agudo principalmente; en  su mayoría en los primeros días de la estadía en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Introduction: For most of the women maternity is a positive and satisfactory experience. Nevertheless, pregnancy is risky for women if the economic, social and cultural factors of the health system influence upon them.Objective: to describe the maternal morbidity by direct causes in the Intensive Care Unit.Method: it was performed a descriptive and retrospective study in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) by obstetric direct causes at Carlos Manuel de Céspedes General University Hospital in Bayamo, Granma, in the period comprised from January 1st, 2010 until December 31, 2012, there were selected all the patients with pregnancy or puerperium until the 42 days, they were hospitalized in the ICU to make an amount of 72 patients. It was observed a slight predominance of the hypertensive disease in 26 patients (36, 1 %), mainly in middle age women.Results: The elder patients presented hemorrhagic disease, and the gestational period that prevailed was about 15 to 25 weeks.  The greater number of severe injured mothers showed an index of APACHE II inferior to 10. The aggravated eclampsia and the uterine atony predominated within the causes of admission.Conclusions: it was concluded that the hypertensive disease and sepsis were the main direct obstetric causes of the admission, but without an important deterioration of the physiological functions in organs and systems at the time of measuring them by the scales usually applied for this purpose in the ICU. In spite of this fact there were presented complications like the crash and the acute renal failure, mostly observed in the first days in the ICU

Utility of circulating serum miRNA profiles to evaluate the potential risk and severity of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders

Immune-mediated inflammatory disorders (IMID) are a group of diseases that present inflammation as a major pathogenic mechanism. They affect 15% of the population and pose a heavy socio-economic burden. Despite the growing knowledge on the etiopathogenesis of these diseases and the marked improvement in their management, there is a lack of predictive markers of IMID development or severity suitable for early diagnosis and adjustment of treatment intensity. The possibility that certain circulating miRNA profiles could be used as biomarkers of risk of development and/or severity of several autoimmune diseases has fuelled the interest in using them to improve the selection of successful treatments. The multi-pronged approach proposed here sought to reveal circulating miRNAs and miRNA signatures that could act as new predictive biomarkers of IMID development and severity. Our results showed that the circulating levels of miR-19b and miR-26b were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in IMID patients compared to controls. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that these miRNAs were suitable discriminators capable to identify an IMID, with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 and 0.83, respectively. In addition, we established that miR-19a and miR-143 were significantly increased in IMID patients with severe disease (p < 0.05). In summary, our findings identify two different miRNA signatures. One of them is associated with the presence of IMIDs and could lead to the development of tools for their early detection. The second signature is able to discriminate between mild and severe forms of these disorders and could be a putative tool to select patient candidates for a more intense treatment.This work was supported by the following grants: Proyectos de Investigación en Salud (FIS) PIE13-0041, PI16-02091 and PI19-00584 (funded by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)), TIRONET2-CM, B2017/BMD-3724 (funded by Comunidad de Madrid), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12) to MM; also by grants RD16/0011/0012 and PI18/0371 from MINECO, ISCIII to IGA; PI17/01972 (MINECO, ISCIIII) to E. D; and Plan Nacional de Salud SAF2017-82886-R, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Fundación BBVA a equipos de Investigación Científica 2018 and from “la Caixa Banking Foundation” under the project code HR17-00016 to F·S.M and cofinanced by FEDER fund

Evaluación de Nutrire®: una herramienta on-line para realizar estudios de evaluación del estado nutricional

Introduction: Nutrire® is a computer programme, a product of three innovation teaching projects of the University of Granada (Spain), designed to carry out the assessment of the nutritional status by anthrometric, dietetic and biochemical parameters. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to present its overall results and to analyze its strengths and weaknesses and to carry out the modifications to improve the programme. Material and Method: An anonymous survey was carried out on 128 students from three different degrees and one the Master’s degree. The survey included 6 questions on navigability and design and 5 about the academic content of the programme. Twenty post-graduates who had used the programme in their professional life were also interviewed. Results and Discussion: The average marking of the students was 4.1 out of 5. The main positive aspects which stood out were the ease of use of the computer programme, and the inclusion of photographs of foodstuffs which facilitated the choice of size of portion when evaluating a diet. Negative aspects that were commented on were the necessity to include more photos of foodstuffs, and the impossibility of using the programme without the internet. According to the post-graduates the main benefit of the programme is to have the three principal aspects of the assessment of the nutritional status. The weak points commented on are that the table showing the composition of the foodstuffs does not give information on simple sugars. Conclusion: Nutrire® is an easy tool to use and highly valued by both under-graduates and graduates to evaluate nutritional status.Introducción: Nutrire® es un programa informático, fruto de tres proyectos de innovación docente de la Universidad de Granada (España), que permite la valoración del estado nutricional mediante a partir de parámetros antropométricos, dietéticos y bioquímicos. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar los resultados obtenidos de la evaluación global del programa por alumnos y egresados para poder analizar sus puntos fuertes y débiles que sirvan con posterioridad para realizar las modificaciones oportunas. Material y Métodos: Se ha realizado una encuesta anónima a 128 alumnos de 3 titulaciones de grado y 1 de postgrado de la Universidad de Granada. Se incluye 6 preguntas sobre navegabilidad y diseño y 5 sobre contenidos académicos del programa. Asimismo, se han entrevistado a 20 egresados que lo han utilizado en su actividad profesional. Resultados: La puntuación media obtenida en los alumnos fue de 4,1 sobre 5. Como aspectos positivos destacan: facilidad de uso, incorporación de fotografías de alimentos para elegir el tamaño de ración/porción. Como aspectos de mejora señalan: incorporar más fotos de alimentos, el poder instalar el programa para su uso en un ordenador. Según los egresados, el principal punto fuerte es tener reunido en un solo programa los tres aspectos de la evaluación del estado nutricional. Como puntos débiles señalan la falta de algún nutriente, como los azucares, en la base de datos nutricional. Conclusión: Nutrire® es un programa de fácil utilización, muy bien valorada por los alumnos y por los egresados para realizar estudios de evaluación del estado nutricional

Evaluation of Nutrire®: An On-Line Tool for Carrying Out Evaluation Studies to Assess Nutritional Status

Introducción: Nutrire® es un programa informático, fruto de tres proyectos de innovación docente de la Universidad de Granada (España), que permite la valoración del estado nutricional mediante a partir de parámetros antropométricos, dietéticos y bioquímicos. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar los resultados obtenidos de la evaluación global del programa por alumnos y egresados para poder analizar sus puntos fuertes y débiles que sirvan con posterioridad para realizar las modificaciones oportunas. Material y Métodos: Se ha realizado una encuesta anónima a 128 alumnos de 3 titulaciones de grado y 1 de postgrado de la Universidad de Granada. Se incluye 6 preguntas sobre navegabilidad y diseño y 5 sobre contenidos académicos del programa. Asimismo, se han entrevistado a 20 egresados que lo han utilizado en su actividad profesional. Resultados: La puntuación media obtenida en los alumnos fue de 4,1 sobre 5. Como aspectos positivos destacan: facilidad de uso, incorporación de fotografías de alimentos para elegir el tamaño de ración/ porción. Como aspectos de mejora señalan: incorporar más fotos de alimentos, el poder instalar el programa para su uso en un ordenador. Según los egresados, el principal punto fuerte es tener reunido en un solo programa los tres aspectos de la evaluación del estado nutricional. Como puntos débiles señalan la falta de algún nutriente, como los azucares, en la base de datos nutricional. Conclusión: Nutrire® es un programa de fácil utilización, muy bien valorada por los alumnos y por los egresados para realizar estudios de evaluación del estado nutricional.Introduction: Nutrire® is a computer programme, a product of three innovation teaching projects of the University of Granada (Spain), designed to carry out the assessment of the nutritional status by anthrometric, dietetic and biochemical parameters. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to present its overall results and to analyze its strengths and weaknesses and to carry out the modifications to improve the programme. Material and Method: An anonymous survey was carried out on 128 students from three different degrees and one the Master’s degree. The survey included 6 questions on navigability and design and 5 about the academic content of the programme. Twenty post-graduates who had used the programme in their professional life were also interviewed. Results and Discussion: The average marking of the students was 4.1 out of 5. The main positive aspects which stood out were the ease of use of the computer programme, and the inclusion of photographs of foodstuffs which facilitated the choice of size of portion when evaluating a diet. Negative aspects that were commented on were the necessity to include more photos of foodstuffs, and the impossibility of using the programme without the internet. According to the post-graduates the main benefit of the programme is to have the three principal aspects of the assessment of the nutritional status. The weak points commented on are that the table showing the composition of the foodstuffs does not give information on simple sugars

Negative symptoms and sex differences in first episode schizophrenia: What's their role in the functional outcome? A longitudinal study

Introduction: Negative symptoms (NS) include asociality, avolition, anhedonia, alogia, and blunted affect and are linked to poor prognosis. It has been suggested that they reflect two different factors: diminished expression (EXP) (blunted affect and alogia) and amotivation/pleasure (MAP) (anhedonia, avolition, asociality). The aim of this article was to examine potential sex differences among first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and analyze sex-related predictors of two NS symptoms factors (EXP and MAP) and functional outcome. Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty-three FES (71 females and 152 males) were included and evaluated at baseline, six-months and one-year. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the effects of time and sex on NS and a multiple linear regression backward elimination was performed to predict NS factors (MAP-EXP) and functioning. Results: Females showed fewer NS (p = 0.031; Cohen's d = −0.312), especially those related to EXP (p = 0.024; Cohen's d = −0.326) rather than MAP (p = 0.086), than males. In both male and female group, worse premorbid adjustment and higher depressive symptoms made a significant contribution to the presence of higher deficits in EXP at one-year follow-up, while positive and depressive symptoms predicted alterations in MAP. Finally, in females, lower deficits in MAP and better premorbid adjustment predicted better functioning at one-year follow-up (R2 = 0.494; p < 0.001), while only higher deficits in MAP predicted worse functioning in males (R2 = 0.088; p = 0.012). Conclusions: Slightly sex differences have been found in this study. Our results lead us to consider that early interventions of NS, especially those focusing on motivation and pleasure symptoms, could improve functional outcomes

Estrategias docentes para la integración de estudiantes chinos y para el desarrollo de competencias relacionadas con la atención a la diversidad y el respeto a los Derechos Humanos

Memoria ID-0075. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2017-2018