Reactive Collisional Spectroscopy: Scalar and Vector InformationFrom Numerically Intensive Computing

Advances in computer technologies have made it possible to extend the numerical investigation of the detailed structure of reactive properties to several atom–diatom systems. This has allowed a better understanding of the energy structure of the reaction intermediate and of the role it plays when reaction occurs

Self-Diffusion in Nanofluids of Nonelongated Particles in the Dilute Limit

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract] The dynamic features of a dilute suspension of nanoparticles (nanofuid) are fully modifed depending on the dominant particles slip mechanism acting in the suspension. Self-difusion efects in highly sheared diluted suspensions (entrance conditions and microapplications) can lead to a particles distribution fully diferent from the bulk one. The reported investigation proposes a model to determine the self-difusion of three-planes symmetric nonelongated particles inmersed in a sheared Stokes fow. The model is based on the real displacements between any pair of particles and an statistical approach to determine contact kinematic irreversibilities. According to the proposed model, the source of hydrodynamic irreversibility is closely related to the particles shape. This is clearly demonstrated through the application of the model to cubic particles. The main conclusion is that the particles shape plays a signifcant role in the dynamic behavior of the suspension and, as a result, in the self-difusion coefcient. The reported results arising from the cubic particles trajectories in a Stokes fow are reasonably close to the ones reported by Brady and Morris (J Fluid Mech, 348:103–139, 1997) for suspensions under high Pe number, and Zarraga and Leighton (Phys Fluids 13(3):565-577, 2001)The authors gratefully acknowledge the support given to the investigation reported herein by the Galician High Performance Computing Center (CESGA) and the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spain, through the Grant No. ENE2012-38326-C02-01. Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Natur

Corrigendum to "Biogeography of planktonic bacterial communities across the whole Mediterranean Sea" published in Ocean Sci., 9, 585–595, 2013

No abstract available

EXPERIENCIAS, PERCEPCIONES Y NECESIDADES EN LA UCI: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE ESTUDIOS CUALITATIVOS.

Introduction: The intensity of the experience that represents going through an Intensive Care Unit is undeniable. A focus of phenomenological type using qualitative methodology can provide us with a relevant view. The objective of our study is to gather the experiences and patient families and nurses needs in the ICU. Methodology: Qualitative systematic revision meta-study. Presentation of 21 studies. Results: The following categories have been used: Patient experiences, patient needs, stress and confrontation strategies; family experiences, family needs; related nurse-family; nurses regarding the experiences of the patient family; nurses experiences; nurses image. Conclusion: The patient-families demand information, an open visit system, personalized attention, human treatment… Nurses demand a wider training in social abilities. The sanitary administration should also consider the family like an attention nucleus in the ICU, providing resources for it.Introducción. La intensidad de la experiencia que supone pasar por una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos es innegable. Un enfoque de tipo fenomenológico empleando la metodología cualitativa nos puede proporcionar una acertada visión de la misma. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es recopilar las vivencias, necesidades de los pacientes-familias y enfermeras de estas unidades. Metodología. Metaestudio tipo revisión sistemática cualitativa. 21 estudios incluidos. Resultados. Se han agrupado en las categorías: experiencias del paciente, necesidades del paciente, estrés y estrategias de afrontamiento; vivencias de la familia, necesidades de la familia; relaciones enfermera-familia; las enfermeras respecto a las vivencias del paciente-familia; vivencias de las enfermeras; imagen de las enfermeras. Conclusión. Los pacientes-familias demandan información, un sistema abierto de visitas, atención personalizada, humanización… Las enfermeras demandamos una formación más amplia en habilidades sociales. La gestión sanitaria debe considerar también a la familia como núcleo de atención en estas unidades, proporcionando recursos para ello

Salen-manganese complexes for controlling ROS damage: Neuroprotective effects, antioxidant activity and kinetic studies

A new manganese(III) complex [MnL1(DCA)(H2O)](H2O), 1, has been prepared using the chelating ligand N,N’-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-1,2-diaminopropane (H2L1), and characterized by different analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The tetragonally elongated octahedral geometry for the manganese coordination sphere was revealed by X-ray diffraction studies for 1. The antioxidant behavior of this complex and other manganese(III)-salen type complexes was tested through SOD and catalase probes, and through the study of their neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. In this human neuronal model, these model complexes were found to improve cell survival in an oxidative stress model. During studies aimed to getting a better understanding of the kinetics of the processes involved in this antioxidant behavior, an important effect on the solvent in the kinetics of reaction of the complexes with H2O2 was revealed that suggests a change in the mechanism of reaction of the complexes. The kinetic data in methanol and buffered aqueous solutions correlate well with the results of the test of catalase activity, thus showing that the rate determining step in the catalytic cycle corresponds to the initial reaction of the complexes with H2O2

Gracilin A Derivatives Target Early Events in Alzheimer’s Disease: inVitro Effects on Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress

The search for compounds capable of targeting early pathological changes of Alzheimer̀s disease (AD), such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, is an important challenge. Gracilin A derivatives were recently synthesized, using a pharmacophore-directed retrosynthesis (PDR) strategy, and found to possess potent neuroprotective effects. In this work, the previously described derivatives 1–7 which demonstrated mitochondrial-mediated, antioxidant effects were chosen for further study. The ability of compounds to modulate the expression of antioxidant genes (CAT, GPx, SODs, and Nrf2) was determined in SH-SY5Y cells, and the simplified derivatives 2 and 3 were found to be the most effective. The anti-neuroinflammatory properties of all derivatives were assessed in BV2 microglial cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Several derivatives decreased the release of cytokines (Il-1β, IL-6, GM-CSF, and TNF-α) and other damaging molecules (ROS, NO) and also regulated the translocation of Nrf2 and NFκB, and reduced p38 activation. These protective effects were confirmed in a trans-well coculture with BV2 and SH-SY5Y cells and several derivatives increased SH-SY5Y survival. This present work demonstrates the neuroprotective properties of gracilin A derivatives, making them promising candidate drugs for AD. Particularly, derivatives 2 and 3 showed the greatest potential as lead compounds for further developmentThe research leading to these results has received funding fromthe following FEDER cofunded-grants. From Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria Xunta de Galicia, 2017 GRC GI-1682 (ED431C 2017/01). From CDTI and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, AGL2014-58210-R, AGL2016-78728-R (AEI/FEDER, UE), ISCIII/PI16/01830 and RTC-2016-5507-2, ITC-20161072. From European Union POCTEP 0161-Nanoeaters−1-E-1, Interreg AlertoxNet EAPA-317-2016, Interreg Agritox EAPA-998-2018 and H2020 778069-EMERTOX. Support from NIH (R37GM052964 to D.R.) and the Robert A. Welch Foundation (AA-1280 to D.R.) is also gratefully acknowledged.This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Chemical neuroscience, copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher.S

Differential gene expression in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L., 1758) under feeding stress

Feeding stress or suboptimal feeding in fish can have a direct impact on their energy metabolism and feed use efficiency, and thus on productivity. That impact can be quantified objectively by comparing the expression of genes between fish fed ad libitum and fish fed suboptimally. Moreover, some of the genes expressed in animals fed suboptimally can also be used as candidate genes to identify feeding stress in general. To identify some of those genes, a group of 60 tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L., 1758) was divided into two batches (fed ad libitum or suboptimally for 22 days) with two replicates. For this purpose, we carried out differential display analysis in brain tissue samples using 36 combinations of 3 polyT anchoring primers and 12 random primers. An average of 25 bands was produced per primer pair, with 31 bands expressed differentially which were excised from the gels, sequenced, and annotated with information available on public databases. Some sequences matched genes with different binding activities, regulation of transcription, and those playing a role in synapses. One of the most interesting findings was the ALOX5 gene, which plays a role in the production of lukotrienes, important mediators in inflammatory processes. The identification of genes corresponding to those bands will provide more information about mechanisms that play a role in stressful situations produced by suboptimal feeding, as well as other causes.El estrés alimentario o subalimentación de los peces afecta directamente al metabolismo energético, a la eficacia de utilización del alimento y, por tanto, a su productividad. Este efecto se puede cuantificar de forma objetiva mediante comparaciones de expresión génica con respecto a aquellos peces que han sido alimentados a saciedad. Además, algunos de los genes expresados por los peces subalimentados pueden usarse como genes candidatos para identificar estrés alimentario en general. Para identificar estos genes se dividió un grupo de 60 tilapias Oreochromis niloticus (L., 1758) en dos tratamientos (alimentado ad líbitum o con alimentación subóptima, durante 22 días) con dos réplicas. Se utilizó la técnica de differential display en muestras de cerebro con 36 combinaciones resultado de tres cebadores polyT de anclaje y 12 cebadores aleatorios. Se expresaron una media de 25 bandas por pareja de cebadores y un total de 31 bandas expresadas diferencialmente, se extrajeron, secuenciaron y anotaron con la ayuda de la información disponible en bases de datos públicas. Algunas secuencias coinciden con genes cuya función es de unión a diferentes proteínas y de regulación de la transcripción, y juegan un papel importante en la sinapsis. Es destacable el gen ALOX5, que interviene en la producción de leucotrienos, importantes mediadores de procesos inflamatorios. La identificación de los genes que corresponden a estas bandas aportará conocimiento sobre los mecanismos que intervienen en situaciones de estrés, tanto producidas por una alimentación subóptima como por otras causas.Instituto Español de Oceanografí