Assessment of vine-shoots in a model wines as enological additives

[EN] For the first time, the possibility of using vine-shoots as enological additives, similar to oak chips, is proposed. Their volatile and phenolic compounds contribution to a model wine was studied. Variables such as vine-shoot vinifera (Airen and Cencibel), size (chip and granule), toasting (toasted and non-toasted), dosage (4 and 12 g/L) and maceration time (1, 7, 21, 35 and 120 days) were tested. Results showed an important transference of high-value enological compounds after 35 days of maceration with 12 g/L of toasted vine-shoots. Vanillin or guaiacol were found in concentrations always higher than their wine odor thresholds, depending on the variety and vine-shoot formats used. Moreover, trans-resveratrol and ellagic acid stand out for their high concentrations. This transference rate shows the enological aptitude of vine-shoots with a possibly positive contribution in real wines, both at sensory and functional level, although future studies in real wines must be carried out.Many thanks for the financial support given by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness-FEDER of the Spanish Government to the Project AGL2015-65133-C2-1-R. Thanks to Katty Walsh for proofreading the English manuscript.Cebrián-Tarancón, C.; Sánchez-Gómez, R.; Carot Sierra, JM.; Zalacaín, A.; Alonso, GL.; Salinas, MR. (2019). Assessment of vine-shoots in a model wines as enological additives. Food Chemistry. 288:86-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.075869528

Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis causing mixed infections in febrile children in Mozambique

Background and purpose: Invasive nontyphoidal salmonellosis, mostly caused by serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis of Salmonella enterica, has emerged as a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was the clinical and microbiological characterization of nontyphoidal salmonellosis episodes affecting febrile children in Mozambique. Patients and methods: The clinical records of the patients were evaluated, and S. enterica isolates were characterized with regard to serovar, phage type, antimicrobial resistance (phenotype/responsible genes), plasmid content, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and multilocus sequence typing. Results: Fifteen S. Typhimurium and 21 S. Enteritidis isolates were recovered from blood samples of 25 children, the majority with underlying risk factors. With regard to phage typing, most isolates were either untypeable or reacted but did not conform, revealing that a number of previously unrecognized patterns are circulating in Mozambique. Most isolates were multidrug-resistant, with nearly all of the responsible genes located on derivatives of serovar-specific virulence plasmids. ST313 and ST11 were the predominant sequence types associated with S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, respectively, and the uncommon ST1479 was also detected in S. Enteritidis. A distinct XbaI fragment of ~350 kb was associated with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of multidrug-resistant isolates of S. Enteritidis. Nearly half of the children were coinfected with both serovars, a fact expected to aggravate the disease and hamper the treatment. However, particularly poor outcomes were not observed for the coinfected patients. Conclusion: Mixed Salmonella infections could frequently occur in febrile children in Mozambique. Additional studies are required to determine their actual impact and consequences, not only in this country, but also in other African countries

Iodine recycling via 1,3-migration in iodoindoles under metal catalysis

3-Substituted (indol-2-yl)-α-allenols show divergent patterns of reactivity under metal catalysis. An unprecedented intramolecular 1,3-iodine migration is described. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Peer Reviewe

A Simple Method for Tidal Current Prediction in Short Length Convergent Channels An Application to the Vigo and Pontevedra Estuaries

In this paper a simple method for tidal current modelling in short length convergent and elongated channels is presented. The authors have found that for this kind of channels a very suitable approach to tidal current velocity estimation can be obtained through a very simple formula. This method has been developed to obtain reliable tidal current velocity estimations along the channel using as less information as possible. In fact, the only necessary information to apply this method are the harmonic constants of the tidal elevation at any location in the channel and a proper nautical chart. A graphical method is also presented to inquire when the geometrical characteristics of a given channel allow the application of our method. The validation has been performed on two estuaries of the Gallega Estuarine System in Spain

Los gasterópodos terrestres del Cuaternario Superior de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias)- Land gastropods of the Upper Quaternary in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands)

Hemos estudiado la estratigrafía, cronología y paleontología de ocho depósitos sedimentarios (siete paleodunas y un derrubio de ladera) del Pleistoceno Superior de la isla de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias). Las paleodunas se caracterizan por una alternancia de dunas y paleosuelos, que varía entre un ciclo en la Playa de Jinámar, y once en el Lazareto (Gando). La cronología de estos depósitos, obtenida por racemización de aminoácidos sobre ejemplares del género Theba y calibrada con 14C, muestra una edad entre 44,4 Ka a 22,2 Ka. La aminoestratigrafía ha permitido asignar estos depósitos a cuatro aminozonas (AM2 a AM5) de las registradas por Ortiz et al. (2006). Las asociaciones fósiles de gasterópodos terrestres están representadas por 20 especies pertenecientes a 8 familias, con un grado de endemismo del 95%. Los cambios faunísticos detectados, con respecto a la actualidad, se refieren a la extinción del 25 % de las especies del Pleistoceno Superior, y a la disminución de la extensión geográfica de algunas especies como Theba arinagae y T. aff. grasseti. - A stratigraphic, chronological and paleontological study of eight sedimentary deposits (seven palaeodunes and a colluvial slide) in the Upper Pleistocene of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) has been undertaken. The palaeodunes are characterized by dune-palaeosoil alternation, from an only cycle in Playa de Jinámar to eleven in Lazareto (Gando). The chronology of these deposits, obtained by amino acid racemisation and 14C datations in Theba genus samples, displays an age between 44,4 Ka and 22,2 Ka. The aminostratigraphy study appoints to these sediments belong to four amino zones (AM2 to AM5) reported by Ortiz et al. (2006). The land snail fossil assemblages are represented by 20 species belonging to eight families, with an endemic degree around 95%. The detected fossil fauna changes with regard to present fauna reveal an Upper Pleistocene species extinction at about 25% and geographic extension decreasing of some species as Theba arinagae and T. aff. grasset

Agricultura y contaminación del agua

El libro trata un tema cuya importancia contrasta con su escaso estudio. Los efectos negativos de las actividades agrícolas en la calidad del agua han recibido mucha atención en otros países y muy poca en el nuestro. En México, 76% del agua se emplea en la agricultura y el conocimiento de su huella contaminante es escaso. Este libro es resultado de una investigación multidisciplinaria que muestra a la agricultura poco amigable con el agua; que los agricultores tienen una percepción sesgada de su actividad y no reconocen sus efectos en el ambiente; que el gobierno interviene con políticas erróneas estimulando el uso de insumos contaminantes, y que un grupo importante de agricultores realiza prácticas agrícolas poco sustentables. Ante tal panorama, el libro aporta información sobre este problema en una importante región agrícola; propone algunas medidas e instrumentos para minimizarlo; cubre un vacío en la investigación y la información y espera que motive estudios similares en otras regiones del país

In situ calibration of large-radius jet energy and mass in 13 TeV proton–proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThe response of the ATLAS detector to largeradius jets is measured in situ using 36.2 fb−1 of √s = 13 TeV proton–proton collisions provided by the LHC and recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2015 and 2016. The jet energy scale is measured in events where the jet recoils against a reference object, which can be either a calibrated photon, a reconstructed Z boson, or a system of well-measured small-radius jets. The jet energy resolution and a calibration of forward jets are derived using dijet balance measurements. The jet mass response is measured with two methods: using mass peaks formed by W bosons and top quarks with large transverse momenta and by comparing the jet mass measured using the energy deposited in the calorimeter with that using the momenta of charged-particle tracks. The transverse momentum and mass responses in simulations are found to be about 2–3% higher than in data. This difference is adjusted for with a correction factor. The results of the different methods are combined to yield a calibration over a large range of transverse momenta (pT). The precision of the relative jet energy scale is 1–2% for 200 GeV < pT < 2 TeV, while that of the mass scale is 2–10%. The ratio of the energy resolutions in data and simulation is measured to a precision of 10–15% over the same pT rangeWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’ Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EUESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdo

Determination of jet calibration and energy resolution in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThe jet energy scale, jet energy resolution, and their systematic uncertainties are measured for jets reconstructed with the ATLAS detector in 2012 using proton–proton data produced at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. Jets are reconstructed from clusters of energy depositions in the ATLAS calorimeters using the anti-kt algorithm. A jet calibration scheme is applied in multiple steps, each addressing specific effects including mitigation of contributions from additional proton–proton collisions, loss of energy in dead material, calorimeter non-compensation, angular biases and other global jet effects. The final calibration step uses several in situ techniques and corrects for residual effects not captured by the initial calibration. These analyses measure both the jet energy scale and resolution by exploiting the transverse momentum balance in γ + jet, Z + jet, dijet, and multijet events. A statistical combination of these measurements is performed. In the central detector region, the derived calibration has a precision better than 1% for jets with transverse momentum 150 GeV < pT < 1500 GeV, and the relative energy resolution is (8.4 ± 0.6)% for pT = 100 GeV and (23 ± 2)% for pT = 20 GeV. The calibration scheme for jets with radius parameter R = 1.0, for which jets receive a dedicated calibration of the jet mass, is also discusse

A strategy for a general search for new phenomena using data-derived signal regions and its application within the ATLAS experiment

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThis paper describes a strategy for a general search used by the ATLAS Collaboration to find potential indications of new physics. Events are classified according to their final state into many event classes. For each event class an automated search algorithm tests whether the data are compatible with the Monte Carlo simulated expectation in several distributions sensitive to the effects of new physics. The significance of a deviation is quantified using pseudoexperiments. A data selection with a significant deviation defines a signal region for a dedicated follow-up analysis with an improved background expectation. The analysis of the data-derived signal regions on a new dataset allows a statistical interpretation without the large look-elsewhere effect. The sensitivity of the approach is discussed using Standard Model processes and benchmark signals of new physics. As an example, results are shown for 3.2 fb−1 of proton– proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015, in which more than 700 event classes and more than 105 regions have been analysed. No significant deviations are found and consequently no data-derived signal regions for a follow-up analysis have been definedWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’ Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EUESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdo