PENGARUH KETEBALAN SERAT PENGUAT PADA COPV (PVC-COTTON FIBER) TERHADAP KEKUATAN BURST TEST

Semakin tingginya tingkat pencemaran udara yang diakibatkan pemakaian bahan bakar minyak (BBM) dan semakin berkurangnya sumber minyak bumi membuat orang mencoba bahan bakar alternatif lain, salah satunya bahan bakar gas (BBG). Salah satu jenis dari bahan bakar gas adalah compressed natural gas (CNG) atau gas alam terkompresi, yaitu gas alam dalam bejana tekan yang dikenai tekanan yang besar. Bejana tekan untuk CNG yang sepenuhnya terbuat dari bahan logam dan harganya relatif murah, namun karena tekanan yang besar membuat resiko tabung meledak sangat besar dan bobot dari tabung tersebut akan sangat berat. Resiko tersebut dapat dikurangi menggunakan pemilihan bejana tekan composite overwrapped pressure vessel (COPV). Composite overwrapped pressure vessel (COPV) merupakan sebuah bejana tekan yang dibalut atau dilapisi oleh serat komposit. COPV biasa digunakan sebagai tempat atau wadah fluida yang memiliki tekanan yang tinggi, seperti oksigen, gas alami terkompresi, gas helium, dan lain sebagainya. Bejana tekan ini terdiri dari dua lapisan, lapisan pertama biasanya terbuat dari logam namun dalam penelitian ini akan menggunakan PVC yang berfungsi mencegah kebocoran, sedangkan lapisan kedua terbuat dari komposit dan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan serat kompositnya yaitu Cotton Fiber yang berfungsi menahan tekanan yang diterima oleh bejana tekan. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh serat penguat terhadap tabung PVC sangat berpengaruh sekali yaitu PVC yang telah diberi 1 lapisan cotton fiber kemampuan menahan tekanannya meningkat dari 20 bar menjadi 25 bar. Namun pada 2 lapisan dan 3 lapisan komposit, tekanannya hanya mampu menahan kurang lebih hingga 30 bar saja, dan tegangan yang terjadi semakin banyak lapisan yang digunakan makan tegangan samakin menurun. Kata kunci: COPV (PVC-Cotton Fiber), Hydrotest, Burst Tes

Author Correction: The landscape of viral associations in human cancers

Correction to: Nature Genetics https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0558-9, published online 05 February 2020

Author Correction: Comprehensive analysis of chromothripsis in 2,658 human cancers using whole-genome sequencing (Nature Genetics, (2020), 52, 3, (331-341), 10.1038/s41588-019-0576-7)

Correction to: Nature Genetics, published online 05 February 2020. In the published version of this paper, the members of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium were listed in the Supplementary Information; however, these members should have been included in the main paper. The original Article has been corrected to include the members and affiliations of the PCAWG Consortium in the main paper; the corrections have been made to the HTML version of the Article but not the PDF version. Additional corrections to affiliations have been made to the PDF and HTML versions of the original Article for consistency of information between the PCAWG list and the main paper

Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes

Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).Peer reviewe

Evidence for tWZ production in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV in multilepton final states

Data availability - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269324003733?via%3Dihub#dav0001 [Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy (https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid=6032&filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf&version=2)]The first evidence for the standard model production of a top quark in association with a W boson and a Z boson is reported. The measurement is performed in multilepton final states, where the Z boson is reconstructed via its decays to electron or muon pairs. At least one W boson, associated or from top quark decay, decays leptonically, too. The analysed data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016–2018 in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The measured cross section is 354±54(stat)±95(syst) fb, and corresponds to a statistical significance of 3.4 standard deviations.SCOAP

Search for new Higgs bosons via same-sign top quark pair production in association with a jet in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Data availability: Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS policy as stated in “CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy” available online at: https://cms-docdb.cern.ch/cgi-bin/PublicDocDB/RetrieveFile?docid=6032&filename=CMSDataPolicyV1.2.pdf&version=2 .A preprint of this article is available online at arXiv:2311.03261v2 [hep-ex] https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.03261v2 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-22-010 (CMS Public Pages)A search is presented for new Higgs bosons in proton-proton (pp) collision events in which a same-sign top quark pair is produced in association with a jet, via the pp → tH/A → tt¯c and pp → tH/A → tt¯u processes. Here, H and A represent the extra scalar and pseudoscalar boson, respectively, of the second Higgs doublet in the generalized two-Higgs-doublet model (g2HDM). The search is based on pp collision data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. Final states with a same-sign lepton pair in association with jets and missing transverse momentum are considered. New Higgs bosons in the 200-1000 GeV mass range and new Yukawa couplings between 0.1 and 1.0 are targeted in the search, for scenarios in which either H or A appear alone, or in which they coexist and interfere. No significant excess above the standard model prediction is observed. Exclusion limits are derived in the context of the g2HDM.SCOAP3

Search for long-lived heavy neutral leptons with lepton flavour conserving or violating decays to a jet and a charged lepton

A preprint version of the article is available at arXiv:2312.07484v3 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.07484 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-21-013 (CMS Public Pages)A search for long-lived heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) is presented, which considers the hadronic final state and coupling scenarios involving all three lepton generations in the 2-20 GeV HNL mass range for the first time. Events comprising two leptons (electrons or muons) and jets are analyzed in a data sample of proton-proton collisions, recorded with the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. A novel jet tagger, based on a deep neural network, has been developed to identify jets from an HNL decay using various features of the jet and its constituent particles. The network output can be used as a powerful discriminating tool to probe a broad range of HNL lifetimes and masses. Contributions from background processes are determined from data. No excess of events in data over the expected background is observed. Upper limits on the HNL production cross section are derived as functions of the HNL mass and the three coupling strengths VℓN to each lepton generation ℓ and presented as exclusion limits in the coupling-mass plane, as lower limits on the HNL lifetime, and on the HNL mass. In this search, the most stringent limit on the coupling strength is obtained for pure muon coupling scenarios; values of |VμN|2 > 5 (4) × 10−7 are excluded for Dirac (Majorana) HNLs with a mass of 10 GeV at a confidence level of 95% that correspond to proper decay lengths of 17 (10) mm.SCOAP3

Search for direct production of GeV-scale resonances decaying to a pair of muons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

A preprint version of the article is available at arXiv:2309.16003v2 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.16003v2 . Comments: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-21-005 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-EXO-21-005, CERN-EP-2023-165.A search for direct production of low-mass dimuon resonances is performed using s√ = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment during the 2017-2018 operation of the CERN LHC with an integrated luminosity of 96.6 fb−1. The search exploits a dedicated high-rate trigger stream that records events with two muons with transverse momenta as low as 3 GeV but does not include the full event information. The search is performed by looking for narrow peaks in the dimuon mass spectrum in the ranges of 1.1-2.6 GeV and 4.2-7.9 GeV. No significant excess of events above the expectation from the standard model background is observed. Model-independent limits on production rates of dimuon resonances within the experimental fiducial acceptance are set. Competitive or world's best limits are set at 90% confidence level for a minimal dark photon model and for a scenario with two Higgs doublets and an extra complex scalar singlet (2HDM+S). Values of the squared kinetic mixing coefficient ε2 in the dark photon model above 10−6 are excluded over most of the mass range of the search. In the 2HDM+S, values of the mixing angle sin(θH) above 0.08 are excluded over most of the mass range of the search with a fixed ratio of the Higgs doublets vacuum expectation tanβ = 0.5.SCOAP3

Search for W′ bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark in leptonic final states in proton-proton collisions at s \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

A preprint version of the article is available at arXiv:2310.19893v1 [hep-ex], https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19893v1 . Comments: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics. All figures and tables can be found at https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-20-012 (CMS Public Pages). Report number: CMS-B2G-20-012, CERN-EP-2023-213.A search for W' bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark in final states including an electron or a muon is performed with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 Tev. Good agreement with the standard model expectation is observed and no evidence for the existence of the W' boson is found over the mass range examined. The largest observed deviation from the standard model expectation is found for a W' boson mass (mW′) hypothesis of 3.8 TeV with a relative decay width of 1%, with a local (global) significance of 2.6 (2.0) standard deviations. Upper limits on the production cross sections of W' bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark are set. Left- and right-handed W' bosons with mW′ below 3.9 and 4.3 TeV, respectively, are excluded at the 95% confidence level, under the assumption that the new particle has a narrow decay width. Limits are also set for relative decay widths up to 30%. These are the most stringent limits to date on this W' boson decay channel.SCOAP3