Simultaneous Right Retroperitoneal Schwannoma and Left Renal Hydatid Cyst

Retroperitoneal schwannomas are quite rare tumors. Isolated renal hydatid cyst is also rare, and it forms 2–4% of hydatid disease. Because of their infrequent occurrence, nonspecific signs and symptoms, and lack of distinguishing radiologic features, we report herein a case of right retroperitoneal mass in a 26-year-old woman which was found to be benign schwannoma following a percutaneous core needle biopsy and a large cortical cyst in the lower pole of the left kidney which was diagnosed as isolated renal hydatid cyst following exploration

Semiconducting Metal Oxide Based Sensors for Selective Gas Pollutant Detection

A review of some papers published in the last fifty years that focus on the semiconducting metal oxide (SMO) based sensors for the selective and sensitive detection of various environmental pollutants is presented

Effects of CGS 21680, a selective A(2A) adenosine receptor agonist, on cardiac output and vascular resistance in acute heart failure in the anaesthetized rat

1. The effects of CGS 21680, a selective A(2A) adenosine receptor agonist, on cardiac output, blood pressure, mean circulatory filling pressure (P(mcf)), arterial and venous resistances, heart rate and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were assessed in rats with acute heart failure by means of coronary artery occlusion. 2. Animals (n=6 in each group) were divided into five groups: group I, sham-operated vehicle-treated (0.9% saline; 0.018 mL min(−1)); groups II-V, subject to coronary artery occlusion and treated with vehicle (0.9% saline; 0.018 ml min(−1)) and CGS 21680 (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 μg kg(−1) min(−1)), respectively. Haemodynamic measurements were taken one hour after completion of surgery, ninety minutes after coronary artery occlusion (except in group I), and fifteen minutes after infusion of saline or CGS 21680. 3. Baseline haemodynamic measurements before occlusion were found not to differ significantly between the different groups of animals. However, after occlusion, cardiac output, rate of rise in left ventricular pressure (+dP/dt) and blood pressure were significantly reduced when compared to corresponding values in sham-operated animals. In addition, occlusion of the coronary artery resulted in a significant elevation in venous resistance, P(mcf) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure as compared to corresponding values in sham-operated animals. 4. Infusion with CGS 21680 at the highest dose significantly reduced blood pressure, arterial resistance and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure when compared to occluded vehicle-treated animals (group II). Administration of CGS 21680 at the highest dose also significantly increased cardiac output (28%) and heart rate (10%) in comparison to occluded vehicle-treated animals. In addition, the highest dose of CGS 21680 significantly reduced P(mcf) (9%) and venous resistance (62%) in comparison to occluded vehicle-treated animals. Administration of CGS 21680 did not significantly affect +dP/dt when compared to occluded vehicle-treated animals. 5. The results from the present investigation indicate that occlusion of the coronary artery in rats results in a state of heart failure characterized by reduced arterial pressure and cardiac output, and increased venous resistance, P(mcf) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Administration of CGS 21680 to animals with acute heart failure resulted in increased cardiac output which was due to reduced venous resistance, as well as increased heart rate

Haemodynamic effects of a selective adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist, CGS 21680, in chronic heart failure in anaesthetized rats

1. Recently we demonstrated that the administration of an A(2A) adenosine receptor agonist, CGS 21680, to anaesthetized rats with acute heart failure (1 h post-coronary artery ligation) resulted in an increase in cardiac output. In the present investigation, the effects of CGS 21680 on cardiac output, vascular resistance, heart rate, blood pressure and mean circulatory filling pressure (Pmcf) were investigated in anaesthetized rats with chronic heart failure (8 weeks post-coronary artery ligation). 2. Experiments were conducted in five groups (n=6) of animals: sham-operated vehicle-treated (0.9% NaCl; 0.037 mL kg(−1) min(−1)) animals in which the occluder was placed but not pulled to ligate the coronary artery; coronary artery-ligated vehicle-treated animals; and coronary artery-ligated CGS 21680-treated (0.1, 0.3 or 1.0 μg kg(−1) min(−1)) animals. 3. Baseline blood pressure, cardiac output and rate of rise in left ventricular pressure (+dP/dt) were significantly reduced in animals with coronary artery ligation when compared to sham-operated animals. Coronary artery ligation resulted in a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, Pmcf and venous resistance when compared to sham-operated animals. 4. Administration of CGS 21680 at 0.3 and 1.0 μg kg(−1) min(−1) significantly (n=6; P<0.05) increased cardiac output by 19±4% and 39±5%, and heart rate by 14±2% and 15±1%, respectively, when compared to vehicle treatment in coronary artery-ligated animals. Administration of CGS 21680 also significantly reduced blood pressure and arterial resistance when compared to coronary artery-ligated vehicle-treated animals. Infusion of CGS 21680 also significantly reduced venous resistance when compared to vehicle-treated coronary artery-ligated animals. 5. The results show that heart failure is characterized by reduced cardiac output, and increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, venous resistance and Pmcf. Acute treatment with CGS 21680 in animals with chronic heart failure decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and increased cardiac output. This increase in cardiac output was the result of reduced arterial and venous resistances and increased heart rate