Pionsko-nukleonski član sigma u linearnom sigma modelu

We apply the linear sigma model to analyze pion-nucleon sigma-term. Analytic expresions for these quantities are obtained in terms of the parameters of low-energy physics (pion decay constant and the pion mass). Good results have been obtained in comparison with author\u27s previous work and with other models.Primijenili smo linearni sigma model u analizi pionsko-nukleonskog člana sigma. Analitički izrazi za te veličine izvode se na osnovi parametara nisko-energijske fizike (konstanta raspada i masa piona). Postigli smo dobre ishode u usporedbi s autorovim ranijim radovima i s drugim modelima

Coherent States on Hilbert Modules

We generalize the concept of coherent states, traditionally defined as special families of vectors on Hilbert spaces, to Hilbert modules. We show that Hilbert modules over $C^*$-algebras are the natural settings for a generalization of coherent states defined on Hilbert spaces. We consider those Hilbert $C^*$-modules which have a natural left action from another $C^*$-algebra say, $\mathcal A$. The coherent states are well defined in this case and they behave well with respect to the left action by $\mathcal A$. Certain classical objects like the Cuntz algebra are related to specific examples of coherent states. Finally we show that coherent states on modules give rise to a completely positive kernel between two $C^*$-algebras, in complete analogy to the Hilbert space situation. Related to this there is a dilation result for positive operator valued measures, in the sense of Naimark. A number of examples are worked out to illustrate the theory

AKT activation controls cell survival in response to HDAC6 inhibition.

HDAC6 is emerging as an important therapeutic target for cancer. We investigated mechanisms responsible for survival of tumor cells treated with a HDAC6 inhibitor. Expression of the 20 000 genes examined did not change following HDAC6 treatment in vivo. We found that HDAC6 inhibition led to an increase of AKT activation (P-AKT) in vitro, and genetic knockdown of HDAC6 phenocopied drug-induced AKT activation. The activation of AKT was not observed in PTEN null cells; otherwise, PTEN/PIK3CA expression per se did not predict HDAC6 inhibitor sensitivity. Interestingly, HDAC6 inhibitor treatment led to inactivating phosphorylation of PTEN (P-PTEN Ser380), which likely led to the increased P-AKT in cells that express PTEN. Synergy was observed with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) inhibitor treatment in vitro, accompanied by increased caspase 3/7 activity. Furthermore, combination of HDAC6 inhibitor with a PI3K inhibitor caused substantial tumor growth inhibition in vivo compared with either treatment alone, also detectable by Ki-67 immunostaining and (18)F-FLT positron emission tomography (PET). In aggregate AKT activation appears to be a key survival mechanism for HDAC6 inhibitor treatment. Our findings indicate that dual inhibition of HDAC6 and P-AKT may be necessary to substantially inhibit growth of solid tumors

A Human Rights-Based Approach to the Global Regulation of Humanitarian Relief: The Emerging Obligation to Incorporate Local Participation

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Self-Governance by Humanitarian Non-State Actors in Health and Nutrition Relief

In the provision of humanitarian health assistance in a post disaster context, critical concerns such as local ownership, financial and political transparency and humane implementation are central. Given that poor quality or unsuitable health assistance can have grossly negative consequences such as 'increased morbidity, mortality, and disability,' increasingly, humanitarian agencies are recognizing the need for a common set of standards and guiding principles for humanitarian health assistance. This includes consideration of provision of quality health services in addition to other core issues such as cooperation and coordination between various institutions and sectors. The central argument postulated in this paper is that despite the absence of a proper global enforcement mechanism of the obligation to provide quality humanitarian assistance in health and nutrition, emerging self-governing mechanisms, such as the Sphere Humanitarian Charter provides a useful mechanism for self-regulation and action by civil society organizations. Such self-regulatory mechanisms contribute to the development of international customary law with regard to an emerging responsibility to provide effective humanitarian assistance.preprin