Scoring on the modified Rankin scale.

<p>ADL =  activities of daily living (washing, dressing, feeding, using the toilet); IADL =  instrumental activities of daily living (administrative procedures, managing medication, preparing a meal). ¹- Subjects who could not transfer independently in or out of a bed or a chair <u>and</u> who could not walk independently indoors.</p

Modified Rankin Scale scores as a function of stroke history, age and type of accommodation.

<p>S+ = self-reported stroke, S- = no self-reported stroke.</p><p>Modified Rankin Scale scores as a function of stroke history, age and type of accommodation.</p

Prevalence of stroke history in subjects with a Rankin score of 5, as a function of age.

<p>Prevalence of stroke history in subjects with a Rankin score of 5, as a function of age.</p

Prevalence of self-reported history of stroke in the French adult population.

§<p>: relationship between history of stroke and gender.</p><p>ns: not significant; *: p<0.05; **: p<10⁻² ***: p<10⁻³; CI = Confidence interval.</p><p>Prevalence of self-reported history of stroke in the French adult population.</p

Percentage of institutionalized adults with stroke, and time since stroke as a function of gender and age.

<p>Percentage of institutionalized adults with stroke, and time since stroke as a function of gender and age.</p

Prevalence of self-reported ADl or iADL as a function of age and stroke history in France.

<p>S+ = self-reported stroke, S- = no self-reported stroke, RR =  relative risk.</p><p>Prevalence of self-reported ADl or iADL as a function of age and stroke history in France.</p

Lengthening of knee flexor muscles by percutaneous needle tenotomy: Description of the technique and preliminary results

<div><p>Background</p><p>Knee flexion contractures occur frequently in non-ambulatory, aged persons and persons with central nervous system lesions, rendering positioning and nursing care difficult. There are often risks associated with surgical interventions.</p><p>Objective</p><p>To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous needle tenotomy to lengthen the knee flexor muscles and improve passive function.</p><p>Methods</p><p>This was a retrospective study of all patients who underwent percutaneous needle tenotomy between 2012 and 2014. Tenotomy was carried out in the semi-tendinosus, biceps femoris and gracillis muscles under local anesthesia. The procedure took no more than 40 minutes. Range of motion (ROM) was evaluated immediately post-operatively and 3 months later.</p><p>Results</p><p>Thirty-four needle tenotomies were carried out. Mean lack of knee extension was 94.2° (range 35–120°) pre-op, (range 15–90°; p<0.05) immediately post-op and 50.1° (range 10–90°; p<0.05) three months later, thus a mean increase of 44.1° knee extension (range 0–90°). All care and positioning objectives were achieved. There were no complications and procedure-related pain was rated as 3-4/ 10.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Needle tenotomy was well tolerated and yielded a significant increase in ROM with no unwanted effects. All objectives were achieved. This technique could be used in an ambulatory care setting or within institutions for severely disabled individuals.</p></div

Type of lesion depending on the success of the tenotomy.

<p>Type of lesion depending on the success of the tenotomy.</p

Hip Medial Heterotopic Ossification (Brooker Class IV).

<p>Hip Medial Heterotopic Ossification (Brooker Class IV).</p

Demographic data and univariate analysis.

<p>Demographic data and univariate analysis.</p