UM SISTEMA DE TABLEAUX PARA A LÓGICA PARACONSISTENTE J3

A Lógica paraconsistente J3 foi introduzida por D’Ottaviano e da Costa (1970). Tal abordagem foi proposta ao considerar o problema de Jàskowski que tratava de aspectos da paraconsistência. Em (1985) D’Ottaviano apresentou um sistema axiomático correto e completo para J3. Posteriormente, Feitosa, Cruz e Golzio (2015) introduziram um novo sistema axiomático para a lógica J3, mais simples em relação à primeira formalização. Diante do fato que o método hilbertiano é pouco intuitivo, hoje, existem sistemas de prova alternativos ao axiomático, os quais são mais elucidativos e, usualmente, mais rápidos. Dentre eles, destacamos o método dos tableaux analíticos. Neste trabalho, apresentamos a Lógica paraconsistenteJ3em um sistema de tableaux e mostramos a equivalência entre a abordagem original e o sistema de tableaux que introduzimos nestas notas

Respirometry and Ruminant Nutrition

The gaseous exchange between an organism and the environment is measured by respirometry or indirect calorimetry. Once the oxygen consumption (O2) and the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are known, the energy losses by gas and heat can be calculated. Energy metabolism and methane production have been studied in the Calorimetry and Metabolism Laboratory of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, located in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Animals used are mainly Zebu cattle and their crossbreeds that represent most beef and dairy cattle breed grazed on tropical pastures. System calibration and routine work are addressed in this text. The results obtained on respirometric chambers are expressed in net energy (NE), which can be net energy for maintenance (NEm), lactation (NEL), weight gain (NEg), and pregnancy (NEp). NE is, in fact, what is used by the animal for maintenance and each productive function. The values of k (conversion efficiency of ME into NE) for maintenance (km), milk (kL), weight gain or growth (kg), and pregnancy (kp) are determined. Thanks to the peculiarity of the respirometric technique, the same animal can be evaluated several times, in different physiological states and planes of nutrition

Balance between the two kinin receptors in the progression of experimental focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in mice

Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most important renal diseases related to end-stage renal failure. Bradykinin has been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal inflammation, whereas the role of its receptor 2 (B2RBK; also known as BDKRB2) in FSGS has not been studied. FSGS was induced in wild-type and B2RBK-knockout mice by a single intravenous injection of Adriamycin (ADM). in order to further modulate the kinin receptors, the animals were also treated with the B2RBK antagonist HOE-140 and the B1RBK antagonist DALBK. Here, we show that the blockage of B2RBK with HOE-140 protects mice from the development of FSGS, including podocyte foot process effacement and the re-establishment of slit-diaphragm-related proteins. However, B2RBK-knockout mice were not protected from FSGS. These opposite results were due to B1RBK expression. B1RBK was upregulated after the injection of ADM and this upregulation was exacerbated in B2RBK-knockout animals. Furthermore, treatment with HOE-140 downregulated the B1RBK receptor. the blockage of B1RBK in B2RBK-knockout animals promoted FSGS regression, with a less-inflammatory phenotype. These results indicate a deleterious role of both kinin receptors in an FSGS model and suggest a possible cross-talk between them in the progression of disease.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Clin & Expt Immunol Lab, Div Nephrol, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci 4, Dept Immunol, Lab Transplantat Immunobiol, BR-05508000 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Translat Med Div, Clin & Expt Immunol Lab, BR-04039002 São Paulo, BrazilInst Butantan, Lab Cellular Biol, BR-05503900 São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Biophys, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilINSERM, Unite Mixte Rech 699, F-75870 Paris, FranceAlbert Einstein Hosp, Inst Israelita Ensino & Pesquisa Albert Einst, Renal Transplantat Unit, BR-05521000 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Clin & Expt Immunol Lab, Div Nephrol, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Translat Med Div, Clin & Expt Immunol Lab, BR-04039002 São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Biophys, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2012/05605-5FAPESP: 07/07139-3FAPESP: 12/02270-2CNPq: 140739/2008-4Web of Scienc

Optimization method for sequential determination of Cu and Fe in airborne particulate matter collected on glass fiber filters by slurry sampling FAAS

Short ReportA slurry sampling flame atomic absorption spectrometric method for sequential determination of Cu and Fe in airborne particulate matter (APM) collected on glass fiber filters is proposed. The method optimization was carried out using a dry powdered sample (filter + APM) mass of 50 mg, dispersed in 0.5 mol L-1 nitric acid solution and under ultrasonic bath for 10 min. The limits of detection (n = 10) were 4 and 14 µg g-1 for Cu and Fe on the filter, respectively. The repeatability expressed as the relative standard deviation was better than 7 and 8% (n = 3) for Cu and Fe, respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analysis of the fly ash certified reference material (BCR 176R). The results obtained for six samples of APM using the proposed method showed no significant differences with those obtained after microwave-assisted acid extraction and determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The analytical method proved to be simple, fast and reliable._________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMO: Um método para determinação sequencial de Cu e Fe em material particulado atmosférico (APM) coletado em filtro de fibra de vidro por amostragem em suspensão e espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama é proposto. A otimização do método foi realizada utilizando-se uma massa de amostra seca em pó (filtro + APM) de 50 mg, dispersa em solução de ácido nítrico 0,5 mol L-1 e tratada por 10 min em banho ultrassônico. Os limites de detecção (n = 10) foram 4 e 14 µg g-1 para Cu e Fe no filtro, respectivamente. A repetitividade expressa como desvio padrão relativo foi melhor do que 7 e 8% (n = 3) para Cu e Fe, respectivamente. A exatidão do método foi confirmada analisando-se material de referência certificado de cinzas atmosféricas (BCR 176R). Os resultados obtidos para seis amostras de APM utilizando o método proposto não apresentaram diferenças significativas em comparação com os valores obtidos usando o método de extração ácida e determinação por espectrometria de massas com plasma indutivamente acoplado. O método analítico mostrou-se simples, rápido e confiável

Quantitative indicators of the reproductive biology of adult specimens of Centropomus undecimalis (Teleost: Centropomidae) obtained from commercial fishermen in the Parnaíba Delta Environmental Protection Area, north coast of Brazil

Centropomus undecimalis (popularly known as common snook) is a very important resource for commercial and recreational fishing. This study aimed to evaluate quantitative indicators of the reproductive biology of C. undecimalis in the Parnaíba Delta Environmental Protection Area (Brazil). The parameters were analyzed at the different stages of the reproductive cycle of 155 specimens, 135 (87.10%) males and 20 (12.90%) females. The results showed positive allometric growth for females and negative allometric growth for males. The sex ratio was 1:6.75 (females: males). The first estimated maturation (L50) was 57.21 cm for females and 54.55 cm for males. The species spawns multiple times, with oocytes maturing in batches, being released at intervals. According to the results of this study, it was possible to notice that reproductive peaks occurred in February, May, and November. Therefore, it is recommended that the capture of this species be avoided during these months

Twenty-Four-Hour Central (Aortic) Systolic Blood Pressure: Reference Values and Dipping Patterns in Untreated Individuals.

Central (aortic) systolic blood pressure (cSBP) is the pressure seen by the heart, the brain, and the kidneys. If properly measured, cSBP is closer associated with hypertension-mediated organ damage and prognosis, as compared with brachial SBP (bSBP). We investigated 24-hour profiles of bSBP and cSBP, measured simultaneously using Mobilograph devices, in 2423 untreated adults (1275 women; age, 18-94 years), free from overt cardiovascular disease, aiming to develop reference values and to analyze daytime-nighttime variability. Central SBP was assessed, using brachial waveforms, calibrated with mean arterial pressure (MAP)/diastolic BP (cSBPMAP/DBPcal), or bSBP/diastolic blood pressure (cSBPSBP/DBPcal), and a validated transfer function, resulting in 144 509 valid brachial and 130 804 valid central measurements. Averaged 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime brachial BP across all individuals was 124/79, 126/81, and 116/72 mm Hg, respectively. Averaged 24-hour, daytime, and nighttime values for cSBPMAP/DBPcal were 128, 128, and 125 mm Hg and 115, 117, and 107 mm Hg for cSBPSBP/DBPcal, respectively. We pragmatically propose as upper normal limit for 24-hour cSBPMAP/DBPcal 135 mm Hg and for 24-hour cSBPSBP/DBPcal 120 mm Hg. bSBP dipping (nighttime-daytime/daytime SBP) was -10.6 % in young participants and decreased with increasing age. Central SBPSBP/DBPcal dipping was less pronounced (-8.7% in young participants). In contrast, cSBPMAP/DBPcal dipping was completely absent in the youngest age group and less pronounced in all other participants. These data may serve for comparison in various diseases and have potential implications for refining hypertension diagnosis and management. The different dipping behavior of bSBP versus cSBP requires further investigation

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states