Success at the Base of the Pyramid: A relational view of competitive advantage

In this paper, we propose a new framework to measure the success of projects at the Base of the Pyramid (BoP), based on the relational view of strategy (Dyer and Singh, 1998; Lavie, 2006; Mesquita et al., 2008), and we test the framework using new case studies. We argue that the success of BoP projects depends on relation-specific resources and capabilities resulting from partnerships among participating organizations. Typical partners involved in a BoP project are firms that make a product or a service designed for BoP customers, a public or private agency that has local knowledge and presence, and a BoP community that uses the product. The relational view model can help assess the sustainable success of a BoP project because it examines unique interorganizational relationships and relation-specific combination of resources designed to create sustainable value (Dyer and Singh, 1998; Dyer, 1996). We apply this important model of strategic analysis to two new BoP projects

Depresión asociada a dolor lumbar subagudo en pacientes adultos

Demostrar si la depresión está asociada al dolor lumbar subagudo en pacientes adultos. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico transversal. Muestreo no probabilístico, un tamaño de muestra de 303 pacientes del servicio de Medicina Física del Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray Trujillo según criterios de selección, contando así con 2 grupos: pacientes con dolor lumbar subagudo y pacientes sin esta patología en los cuales se valoró la presencia de Depresión mediante el Inventario de Depresión de Beck; aplicándose el odds ratio de prevalencia y la prueba estadística chi cuadrado. Resultados: La lumbalgia subaguda estuvo presente en un 50.5% de la muestra; en pacientes con dolor lumbar subagudo la prevalencia de Depresión fue 61.4% y en el grupo control fue de 14.0%. En el análisis bivariado, la Depresión está asociado al dolor lumbar subagudo en adultos con un valor de p de 0,000 y un riesgo relativo de 9,79 [5,57-17,21]; así también fueron significativos estadísticamente: el ingreso económico bajo (p =0,002), nivel educativo no superior (p = 0,002 y ORc = 2,08); Bebedor habitual ( p = 0,043 y ORc = 1,86) y Tabaquismo (p = 0,000 y ORc = 2,39. En el análisis multivariado se verifico que la depresión (p = 0,000 y un OR de 9,565); nivel educativo no superior (p = 0,042 y OR de 1,740) y bebedor habitual (p = 0,021 y un OR de 2,253) tuvieron significancia estadística. Conclusiones: La depresión está asociado al dolor lumbar subagudo en pacientes adultos al igual que el Ingreso económico bajo, nivel educativo no superior, beber alcohol y fumar.To demonstrate whether depression is associated with subacute low back pain in adult patients. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional analytical study. Non- probabilistic sampling, a sample size of 303 patients of the Physical Medicine service of the Víctor Lazarte Echegaray Trujillo Hospital according to the selection criteria, thus contacting 2 groups: patients with subacute low back pain and patients without this pathology in which the presence of Depression through the Beck Depression Inventory; applying the prevalence odds ratio and the chi- square statistical test. Results: Subacute low back pain was present in 50.5% of the sample; In patients with subacute low back pain the prevalence of depression was 61.4% and in the control group it was 14.0%. In the bivariate analysis, Depression is associated with subacute low back pain in adults with a p-value of 0.000 and a relative risk of 9.79 [5,57-17,21]; thus they were statistically statistical: low economic income (p = 0.002), educational level not higher (p = 0.002 and ORc = 2.08); Regular drinker (p = 0.043 and ORc = 1.86) and Smoking (p = 0.000 and ORc = 2.39. In the multivariate analysis it was verified that depression (p = 0.000 and an OR of 9.565); educational level not higher (p = 0.042 and OR of 1,740) and habitual drinker (p = 0.021 and an OR of 2,253) had statistical significance. Conclusions: Depression is associated with subacute low back pain in adult patients as well as low economic income, no higher educational level, drinking alcohol and smoking.Tesi

A Visual Anthology of Me

This proposal examines the historical role of Western influence starting with Spanish, British and American colonization and its role in Nicaragua throughout the years of establishing itself as a country. This proposal goes through Nicaraguan history leading up to the Sandinista Revolution which forced my mother and aunt to leave the country and eventually make their way to the United States. This project focuses on these examples of forced migration that inevitably led to the story of my birth in the United States. Through the storytelling of those who experienced the journey, a mixture of archival materials and animation, a film will tell the story of the perils of making it to a new country. The style of the film will be journalistic with narration by me, guiding the viewer along through the history and journey. It will be a journey of self-discovery of my own understanding of the historical significance of the time period that led up to the eventual migration of my family. As well as learning the differences between my upbringing and theirs and why their views about the revolution have differed from mine in the past.Master of Art

Fundo los Ulmos: una encrucijada en la industria lechera chilena

The case introduces the reader to the problems of a family business in the milk industry, Fundo Los Ulmos (FLU), which had to choose between two main alternatives to survive. The first option was to sell all the land belonging to the family business – a highly emotional situation for the person making the decision. The second option was to conduct an operational analysis intended to improve dairy management based on a model that optimizes milk production. This case highlights the typical problems of a family business where the decision-maker must deal with decisions that involve both analytical and socioemotional aspects. This case is especially relevant for determining competitive strategies in Latin American family businesses.El caso introduce al lector en una problemática de una empresa familiar de la industria de la leche, Fundo Los Ulmos (FLU), que debía elegir la mejor opción entre las dos principales alternativas que tenía disponible. Una de las opciones era vender todos los terrenos de la empresa familiar que tienen un arraigo emocional con el tomador de la decisión. En cambio, la segunda opción era realizar un análisis operativo que mejorará la gestión de la lechería basado en un modelo de optimización de la producción de leche. Este caso muestra una típica problemática de empresa familiar donde el tomador de decisión debe lidiar con decisiones que mezclan aspectos analíticos y socioemocionales. Este caso es especialmente relevante para un curso de estrategia competitiva en empresas familiares latinoamericanas

M&A Update and Cross-Border M&As: Considerations for Middle-Market Firms

Global activity in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) has weakened during the past year and a half. With continued concerns about the recovery of the global economy, many large companies were reluctant to close mega-deals. Economic and political events, such as increased fiscal crises in Europe, slowing economic growth in the BRIC countries, and political gridlock in Washington, reduced confidence among many dealmakers. Despite companies’ record cash reserves, many were reluctant to execute new M&A deals. In this article, we discuss global M&A activity in 2011 and the first half of 2012. The article concludes with a discussion of factors for middle-market companies to consider in pursuing cross-border M&As

Molecular networks regulating cell division during Arabidopsis leaf growth

Leaves are the primary organs for photosynthesis and as such have a pivotal role for plant growth and development. Leaf development is a multi-factorial and dynamic process involving many genes that regulate size, shape, and differentiation. The processes that mainly drive leaf development are cell proliferation and cell expansion, and numerous genes have been identified that, when ectopically expressed or down-regulated, increase cell number and/or cell size during leaf growth. Many of the genes regulating cell proliferation are functionally interconnected and can be grouped in regulatory modules. Here, we review our current understanding of six important gene regulatory modules affecting cell proliferation during Arabidopsis leaf growth: DA1-EOD1, GRF-GIF, SWI/SNF, GA-DELLA, KLU, and PEAPOD. Furthermore, we discuss how post-mitotic cell expansion and these six modules regulating cell proliferation make up final leaf size

2014 M&A Update

Market conditions for mergers and acquisitions (M&As) remained positive in 2013. Relative economic growth in the U.S. and within specific industry sectors, and positive economic developments in the emerging markets signaled an optimistic outlook for M&A activity. There was a decline in worldwide M&A transactions in the first half of 2013 following a modest gain in 2012 which resulted in an overall slowdown in M&A activities, yet there are positive signs for future M&A growth. Corporate executives and their boards were selective with their investment choices and sought many of their M&A opportunities in the middle market. In this article, we report on global M&A activity in 2012 and the first half of 2013, and conclude with a discussion on the board of directors’ role in mergers and acquisitions

La Igualdad de Género en la Función Pública del Estado Ecuatoriano / Gender Equality in Ecuadorian Public Service

Cuando se analiza la igualdad de género en el Estado ecuatoriano es importante relacionar la desigualdad y la exclusión, que son sistemas de una pertenencia jerarquizada. Existe una realidad tan común en las sociedades donde se identifica, de manera errónea, la igualdad de género o estudia de manera superficial los logros en cuanto a derecho de las mujeres, rezagado o disminuido por muchos años por todas las sociedades. Género no es sinónimo de mujer, feminismo o sexo, pero si tiene una gran relación con estos términos, es algo más complejo que tiene que ver con el elemento constitutivo de las relaciones sociales y las relaciones de poder. Lamentablemente el problema sigue vigente y con mucho aún que discutir, algunos doctrinarios opinan que tal vez la solución es que los hombres y las mujeres compartan, en igualdad condiciones, responsabilidades, pero esto no es necesariamente la punta del iceberg. Este trabajo ofrece una breve historia de la participación de la mujer en la función pública, haciendo énfasis en los últimos años, en los cuales surge la igualdad de género en la vida política y pública de la mujer ecuatoriana. AbstractWhen gender equality in Ecuador is discussed, it is important to relate inequality and exclusion, which are a hierarchical system of belonging. There is such a common reality in societies where gender equality is erroneously identified or the achievements in terms of women’s rights are superficially studied, behind or decreased for many years by all the societies. Gender is not synonymous of women, feminism or sex, but it is strongly related with these terms, it is more complex that has to do with the constitutive element of social and power relations. Unfortunately, the problem is still in force and with a lot to discuss, some doctrinaire state that perhaps the solution is that men and women share, on equal terms of conditions and responsibilities, but this is not necessarily the tip of the iceberg. This paper provides a brief history of the participation of women in public service, emphasizing in recent years, in which gender equality in political and public life of Ecuadorian women emerges

Gestión del almacén y control de inventarios de una empresa agroindustrial en la Región La Libertad, 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito determinar la relación entre la gestión del almacén y control de inventarios de una empresa agroindustrial en la Región La Libertad 2022. Este estudio se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, siendo de tipo aplicado, de alcance descriptivo correlacional y de diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. Se trabajó con una población total de 50 trabajadores y se aplicaron cuestionarios, los cuales fueron sometidos a la prueba de validez y confiabilidad. Los resultados encontrados señalaron que el nivel de la variable de gestión de inventarios fue de 38% considerada con un nivel bajo, mientras que el nivel de la variable control de inventarios fue de 42%; identificándose como baja, asimismo, las dimensiones de la variable gestión de almacenes se relacionan significativamente con el control de inventarios (Sig.0.000 menor a 0,05). Finalmente, se concluye que la variable gestión de almacén tuvo una correlación significativa con la variable control de inventarios (Rho = 0,664 Sig. 0.000 menor a 0.05), aceptándose la Hi, lo que significa que, si se logra una óptima gestión de almacén, entonces se tendrá un mejor control de inventarios