Estrategia para la prevención del riesgo psicosocial dirigido al personal recolector de residuos peligrosos de la empresa esquisan industrial SAS para el hospital fundación santa fe de Bogotá

Desarrollar una estrategia de intervención para la identificación, reducción del riesgo y daño ocasionado por los factores de riesgo psicosocial promoviendo la relación social como factor determinante en la prevención psicosocialLa recolección de residuos tanto peligrosos como ordinarios es una tarea compleja sin más, que conlleva al trabajador que la ejerce a soportar situaciones de constante estrés, las cuales en función del tiempo y de no existir mecanismos de control adecuados pueden generar la aparición de un riesgo psicosocial considerable. Por esta razón, el presente trabajo tiene como finalidad desarrollar una estrategia definida para prevenir y afrontar el riesgo psicosocial del personal que recolecta los residuos en el Hospital Fundación Santafé de Bogotá. La investigación se encuentra encaminada a identificar los riesgos propios de la labor ejecutada, a través de la herramienta definida dentro de la legislación colombiana para la identificación, clasificación y determinación de predominancia de los factores de riesgo psicosocial, que es la Batería de Riesgo Psicosocial establecida por el Ministerio del Trabajo en conjunto con la Universidad Javeriana además de un seguimiento y observación del entorno el cual se registró en un diario de camp

Mortality in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis

We had found contradictory results that have been reported in recent publications regarding the mortality risk of patients with psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). These patients have aggregated risk behaviors, which directly impacted their morbidity/mortality. We included 15 studies, with a total population of that reported mortality risk in Pso and PsA patients. We calculated crude mortality rate (CMR) of each one and pooled CMR by group and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The pooled CMR for Pso was 14/1000 (95% CI: 6-21%), 12/1000 (95% CI: 10-15%) in mild, 19/1000 (95% CI: 15-23%) in severe and 12/1000 was observed (95% CI: 10-14%) in PsA. Mortality was relatively higher in PsA patients when compared with Pso, with a RR of 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.06, p<0.01). Pso was associated with increased mortality when compared to the general population. Mild Pso and PsA have the same increased mortality, then again as the severity of Pso increased, so does its mortality. The final comparative mortality between patients with PsA and those with Pso was around 3%

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Municipios de Ipiales, Pasto, Nariño

En este trabajo, se aborda el análisis psicosocial del relato de Ana Ligia, el cual evidencia la violencia que deben sufrir las víctimas de desplazamiento, pues habla acerca de esta mujer que sufrió en dos ocasiones el desplazamiento y tuvo que cambiar radicalmente su vida y sus ideales y sentimientos, pero también muestra la esperanza que sostiene sus vidas después de estas experiencias. En ese sentido, considerando los aspectos sociales, emocionales, económicos, sentimentales, personales, y comunitarios, se presenta también, la formulación de preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas, así como la justificación de realizar cada una de ellas a la protagonista del caso mencionado anteriormente y de esta forma, poder comprender e identificar todo lo relacionado con las situaciones de violencia vividas, tales como conocer sus relaciones interpersonales, sus habilidades y debilidades al momento de superar dichos momentos y así mismo, reconocer lo que se podría cambiar para eventos presentes y futuros de esa índole. Así mismo, en el enfoque del caso denominado Peñas Coloradas que también evidencia violencia hacia las víctimas del territorio de Peñas Coloradas, se comparte el análisis y la presentación de algunas estrategias para abordar psicosocialmente este caso en particular, que permitan fortalecer el uso de las herramientas con las que cuenta la población para salir adelante después de estas experiencias de violencia, conociendo que son situaciones que claramente necesitan de una importante atención e intervención psicosocial y de alguna u otra forma, también pueden ser intervenidas por ayudas de algunas entidades gubernamentales, puesto que son aspectos que pueden generar un gran impacto generalmente traumático en estas víctimas, dejando una gran afectación en su salud física y de igual manera en su salud mental, ya que quedan con secuelas postraumáticas. Por último, se hace una aproximación a la experiencia de foto voz en algunos municipios de Nariño, como Ipiales y el municipio de Nariño, resaltando la gran utilidad de esta técnica para conocer el ambiente de cada municipio, pero también para reconocer las problemáticas que se presentan en estos lugares y que pueden generar situaciones de violencia, desde lo cual se puede generar soluciones a dichas problemáticas y por ende equilibrar el ambiente social en los territorios abordados.This paper deals with the psychosocial analysis of Ana Ligia's story, which shows the violence that the victims of displacement must suffer, because it talks about this woman who suffered displacement twice and had to radically change her life and her ideals and feelings, but it also shows the hope that sustains their lives after these experiences. In this sense, considering the social, emotional, economic, sentimental, personal, and community aspects, the formulation of circular, reflexive and strategic questions is also presented, as well as the justification of asking each one of them to the protagonist of the case mentioned above and in this way, to understand and identify everything related to the situations of violence experienced, such as knowing her interpersonal relationships, her skills and weaknesses at the time of overcoming such moments and likewise, to recognize what could be changed for present and future events of that nature. Likewise, in the approach of the case called Peñas Coloradas, which also evidences violence towards the victims of the territory of Peñas Coloradas, the analysis and presentation of some strategies to psychosocially address this particular case are shared, in order to strengthen the use of the tools available to the population to move forward after these experiences of violence, Knowing that these are situations that clearly need an important psychosocial attention and intervention and in some way or another, they can also be intervened with the help of some governmental entities, since they are aspects that can generate a great impact generally traumatic in these victims, leaving a great affectation in their physical health and likewise in their mental health, since they are left with post-traumatic sequels

New record in the diet of Philander andersoni

Marsupial species of the family Didelphidae comprise the most diverse extant group of Metatherians inhabiting South America and partof North America. This family comprises more than 95 species, among which the members of the subfamilies Didelphinae and Caluromyinaeinclude the largest species (> 150 g). Although widely distributed, information about their feeding habits is relatively scarce, especially forspecies of the genus Philander. Here we present the first record and description of a predatory event on the Tropical Flat Snake (Siphlophiscompressus) by the Anderson?s Four-eyed Opossum (Philander andersoni) in the Amazonian region of Colombia. During the predation event,we made ad libitum observations for about 12 minutes, using a camera to record the feeding behavior of P. andersoni. The event was recordedon October 31, 2018. During a nocturnal survey, we observed one individual adult of P. andersoni while consuming a specimen of S. compres-sus. The marsupial bited and pulled the snake body with its premolar dentition and forelimbs respectively to consume the prey?s soft parts.This record shows that although S. compressus exhibits several antipredator characteristics, such as an aposematic elapid-like colored pattern,elusive behavior and Durvenoy glands, P. andersoni was able to feed upon this species in a stereotyped way. To the best of our knowledge thisis the first documented consumption event of this snake by a mammal species, yielding new information about the feeding habits of P. ander-soni and the predators of S. compressus.Fil: Alvarez Reyes, Alejandra Paola. Universidad de la Amazonia. Centro de Investigación Ambiental y de Estudios Socioeconómicos; ColombiaFil: González Chávez, Baltazar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; ArgentinaFil: Navarro Morales, Alejandro. Universidad de la Amazonia. Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Andino Amazónica; ColombiaFil: Moreno, Albeiro. Universidad de la Amazonia. Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Andino Amazónica; ColombiaFil: Velásquez Valencia, Alexander. Universidad de la Amazonia. Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Andino Amazónica; ColombiaFil: Capera, Gover. Junta de Acción Comunal, Vereda Peregrino; ColombiaFil: Cepeda Duque, Juan Camilo. Corporación Universitaria Santa Rosa de Cabal ; Colombi

Agreement of the Discrepancy Index Obtained Using Digital and Manual Techniques—A Comparative Study

The discrepancy index evaluates the complexity of the initial orthodontic diagnosis. The objective is to compare whether there is a difference in the final discrepancy index score of the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) when obtained using digital and manual techniques. Fifty-six initial orthodontic records in a digital and physical format were included (28 each) in 2022 at the Center for Research and Advanced Studies in Dentistry. For the digital measurements, iTero and TRIOS 3 intraoral scanners were used, along with Insignia software and cephalometric tracing with Dolphin Imaging software. Manual measurements were obtained in dental casts using the ruler indicated for the previously mentioned discrepancy index, in addition to conventional cephalometric tracing. Student’s t-test did not show statistically significant differences between the digital and manual techniques, with final discrepancy index scores of 24.61 (13.34) and 24.86 (14.14), respectively (p = 0.769). Cohen’s kappa index showed very good agreement between both categorical measure ments (kappa value = 1.00, p = 0.001). The Bland–Altman method demonstrated a good agreement between continuous measurements obtained by both techniques with a bias of 0.2500 (superior limit of agreement =9.0092988, inferior limit of agreement = −8.5092988). Excellent agreement was observed in obtaining the discrepancy index through digital technique (Intraoral scanning and digital records) and manual technique (conventional records)

Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Effect on Mono-Strain of Streptococcus mutans of Orthodontic Cements Reinforced with Chlorhexidine-Modified Nanotubes

Recently, several studies have introduced nanotechnology into the area of dental materials with the aim of improving their properties. The objective of this study is to determine the antibacterial and mechanical properties of type I glass ionomers reinforced with halloysite nanotubes modified with 2% chlorhexidine at concentrations of 5% and 10% relative to the total weight of the powder used to construct each sample. Regarding antibacterial effect, 200 samples were established and distributed into four experimental groups and six control groups (4 +ve and 2 −ve), with 20 samples each. The mechanical properties were evaluated in 270 samples, assessing microhardness (30 samples), compressive strength (120 samples), and setting time (120 samples). The groups were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the antibacterial activity of the ionomers was evaluated on Streptococcus mutans for 24 h. The control and positive control groups showed no antibacterial effect, while the experimental group with 5% concentration showed a zone of growth inhibition between 11.35 mm and 11.45 mm, and the group with 10% concentration showed a zone of growth inhibition between 12.50 mm and 13.20 mm. Statistical differences were observed between the experimental groups with 5% and 10% nanotubes. Regarding the mechanical properties, microhardness, and setting time, no statistical difference was found when compared with control groups, while compressive strength showed higher significant values, with ionomers modified with 10% concentration of nanotubes resulting in better compressive strength values. The incorporation of nanotubes at concentrations of 5% and 10% effectively inhibited the presence of S. mutans, particularly when the dose–response relationship was taken into account, with the advantage of maintaining and improving their mechanical properties

Assessing Pandemic Preparedness, Response, and Lessons Learned From the Covid-19 Pandemic in Four South American Countries: Agenda for the Future

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in a context that lacked adequate prevention, preparedness, and response (PPR) activities, and global, regional, and national leadership. South American countries were among world\u27s hardest hit by the pandemic, accounting for 10.1% of total cases and 20.1% of global deaths. METHODS: This study explores how pandemic PPR were affected by political, socioeconomic, and health system contexts as well as how PPR may have shaped pandemic outcomes in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. We then identify lessons learned and advance an agenda for improving PPR capacity at regional and national levels. We do this through a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study in four South American countries based on structured interviews and focus groups with elite policy makers. RESULTS: The results of our study demonstrate that structural and contextual barriers limited PPR activities at political, social, and economic levels in each country, as well as through the structure of the health care system. Respondents believe that top-level government officials had insufficient political will for prioritizing pandemic PPR and post-COVID-19 recovery programs within their countries\u27 health agendas. DISCUSSION: We recommend a regional COVID-19 task force, post-pandemic recovery, social and economic protection for vulnerable groups, improved primary health care and surveillance systems, risk communication strategies, and community engagement to place pandemic PPR on Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru and other South American countries\u27 national public health agendas

Factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedades cardiovasculares en la población adulta en cuatro estratos socioeconómicos del municipio de Guatemala

Describir el comportamiento epidemiológico de los factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedades cardiovasculares crónicas no transmisibles en población adulta de cuatro estratos socioeconómicos del municipio de Guatemala. Estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, en cuatro sectores cartográficos, 223 viviendas. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de una encuesta con base al cuestionario del método progresivo (STEPS) modificado. La prevalencia de factores de riesgo modificables asociados a enfermedad cardiovascular en población adulta de cuatro Estratos socioeconómicos del municipio de Guatemala fue de: consumo de cigarrillos (15%), consumo nocivo de alcohol (26%), sedentarismo (83%), obesidad central (47% y el consumo excesivo de sal (36%). La prevalencia de factores de riesgo no modificables asociados a enfermedad cardiovascular en población adulta, en 4 estratos socioeconómicos del municipio de Guatemala fue de: grupo etario femenino con mayor riesgo cardiovascular (36%), antecedente de diabetes mellitus (11%),antecedente de hipertensión arterial (35%) y antecedente de dislipidemia (17%). El comportamiento epidemiológico de los factores de riesgo asociado a enfermedad cardiovascular varía entre los estratos socioeconómico; de los factores de riesgo modificable el más prevalente en los cuatro estratos fue el sedentarismo; de los factores de riesgo no modificables el más prevalente en los cuatro estratos fue el antecedente personal de diabetes mellitus; el sedentarismo es el factor de riesgo más prevalente en las mujeres de cuatro estratos socioeconómicos y el consumo nocivo de alcohol es el factor de riesgo más prevalente en los hombres de los cuatro estratos socioeconómicos

Conocimiento de los cuidadores primarios respecto a la infección respiratoria aguda en el año 2014 en Bogotá

En Latinoamérica los niños mueren en proporciones alarmantes, los niños menores de 5 años mueren a causa de Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas IRA. Las cuidadoras de esta población son mayoritariamente madres comunitarias, razón por la cual se convierten en un elemento transcendental al momento de realizar estrategias de prevención y tratamiento. Por ello, es importante determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre la Infección respiratoria Aguda (IRA) en madres comunitarias de los jardines infantiles de Bogotá. Metodología: estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal, en el cual se realizó un pre test basado en 9 preguntas de selección múltiple entre los meses de enero y agosto del año 2014. Se realizó en los jardines infantiles de la ciudad de Bogotá, con la participación de 100 cuidadoras voluntarias. Losnúcleos temáticos con mayor impacto se encontraron en el nivel de conocimiento relacionado con la sintomatología y con los signos de alarma de la IRA; los núcleos temáticos donde se describió menor nivel de conocimiento fueron, el manejo de la IRA por edad y el conocimiento de los servicios de urgencia

Assessing pandemic preparedness, response, and lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in four south American countries: agenda for the future

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic emerged in a context that lacked adequate prevention, preparedness, and response (PPR) activities, and global, regional, and national leadership. South American countries were among world’s hardest hit by the pandemic, accounting for 10.1% of total cases and 20.1% of global deaths.MethodsThis study explores how pandemic PPR were affected by political, socioeconomic, and health system contexts as well as how PPR may have shaped pandemic outcomes in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. We then identify lessons learned and advance an agenda for improving PPR capacity at regional and national levels. We do this through a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study in four South American countries based on structured interviews and focus groups with elite policy makers.ResultsThe results of our study demonstrate that structural and contextual barriers limited PPR activities at political, social, and economic levels in each country, as well as through the structure of the health care system. Respondents believe that top-level government officials had insufficient political will for prioritizing pandemic PPR and post-COVID-19 recovery programs within their countries’ health agendas.DiscussionWe recommend a regional COVID-19 task force, post-pandemic recovery, social and economic protection for vulnerable groups, improved primary health care and surveillance systems, risk communication strategies, and community engagement to place pandemic PPR on Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru and other South American countries’ national public health agendas