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Simulación de escenarios silvícolas y de la eficiencia económica para el pino marítimo (Pinus pinaster Aiton)

Seven silvicultural scenarios for pure and even aged maritime pine stands were simulated using a diameter class growth and yield model, for three levels of site index (low, medium and high). Total and merchantable yield along rotation and mean annual increment at rotation age were simulated. Revenue obtained from sale of standing timber (three commercial thinning and final harvest) was estimated. Costs paid for stand establishment (site preparation and plantation) and treatments (release, pre-commercial thinning and pruning) were also estimated. For each scenario, a cash-flow was simulated and economic efficiency was assessed using the net present value of an infinitive series of rotations (NPVIS) and the internal rate of return (IRR). The economic analysis results proved the selection of an intensive management stand prescription that is used as a guide for reforestation projects, using artificial regeneration by plantation, when the main goal is round wood yield. For areas of natural regeneration, a fully stocked stand prescription, pulp wood yield oriented, was selected. This prescription enables saving in site preparation and plantation costs, being at the moment the most suitable for the existing naturally regenerated maritime pine stands of Portuguese private forest areas.Se han simulado siete escenarios selvícolas de rodales puros y regulares de pino pinaster utilizando un modelo de crecimiento con crecimientos por clase diamétrica, para tres niveles de índice de sitio (bajo, medio y alto). Se simularon el rendimiento total y comercial a lo largo de la rotación y el incremento anual promedio a la edad de rotación. Se estimaron los ingresos obtenidos por la venta de madera en pie (tres claras comerciales y corta final). También se estimaron los gastos pagados para el establecimiento del rodal (preparación del terreno y plantación) y tratamientos (liberación, entresaca pre-comercial y podas). Para cada escenario, se simuló un flujo de caja y se evaluaron la eficiencia económica utilizando el valor presente neto de una serie infinita de rotaciones (NPVIS) y la tasa interna de retorno (TIR). Los resultados del análisis económico sugieren la selección de una gestión intensiva que se usa como guía para proyectos de reforestacion, utilizando regeneración artificial mediante plantación, cuando el objetivo principal es la producción de madera en rollo. Para las áreas de regeneración natural, se seleccionó una alternativa de rodal denso, con orientación a la producción de pasta. Esta opción permite ahorrar en la preparación del sitio y los costos de plantación, siendo hasta el momento el más adecuado para lo rodales con regeneración natural existentes en bosques privados Portugueses de pino pinaster

Winter collection of the underutilized berry Corema album (L.): New insights on its maturation progression

Increasing interest in Corema album L. is raising due to the appealing white colour and potential health benefits related to its bioactive composition. White fruits production culminates in late August on coastal dunes, but fruits of various colours are present almost till flowering (late February). We undertook a preliminary physical-chemical characterisation (biometric, CIELab colour, pH, soluble solids content and titrable acidity) of a late fruit collection to disentangle maturity progression and to reveal latent qualities for future utilisation. Irrespective of fruit perceived colouration (white, translucent, brown, brown with black spots and black), the characterized high acidity (1-3 g.100 mL-1) is suggestive that over-mature fruits can still be further explored as food additives. Moreover, using a multivariate exploratory technique, we found a clear fruit’s maturation progression from white/translucent to black, a so-far unreported maturity stage. Addressing gaps in plant phenology and fruit’s maturity behaviour is needed before undertaking cultivation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

History of Jose Vasquez Borrego Grant

Typed Spanish and English translations of ...the history of the settlement on certain lands on the bank of the Rio del Norte by Jose Basquez Borrego... by C. Alegria in 1930. Donated by Hubert J. Miller. NOTE: The file does not contain facsimiles of the original manuscripts.https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/lrgv/1024/thumbnail.jp

A ten years analysis of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) afforestation projects in the Mediterranean region of centre-eastern of Portugal

Portuguese forest area has a great expression being around 39%. Since the last centuries the Quercus suber L.(cork oak) areas have increased, reaching to 715 922 ha (23%) according to the last National forest inventory. Afforestation programmes financed by the European Union and the existing protection laws for the species are one of the main reasons for this increase. These efforts are important to promote for these stands a distribution by age class that ensure cork oak forest sustainability (only 14% of the existing even-aged stands are young stands with less than 10 years). In this study, the programme – Afforestation of Agricultural Land – in the region of Beira Interior Sul was analysed, to assess afforestation success during the period of 2001 to 2011

Acorn isotopic composition: A new promising tool for authenticity maps of Montado’s high-value food products

It is often overlooked that even food production is linked to the ecology of plants and animals. Living organisms respond to environmental short-and long-term variability: acknowledging this may help in the ultimate goal of valorizing a territory/product. We investigated acorns of the two main Quercus species of the Portuguese Montado, a main feed of the renown black Iberian pig. We tested their responses to an aridity gradient by morphological parameters and isotopic signature. Q. rotundifolia and Q. suber acorns did not differ morphologically, even if a higher variability in all parameters was observed in acorns of Q. suber. According to the site-specific Aridity Index, correlations are indicative to higher weight and length only in Q. suber acorns from more arid sites. As for isotopic composition, there were no differences in nitrogen or carbon (δ15N and δ13C) between the two species. However, combining the samples and testing for association with the Aridity Index, we found that more arid sites lead to a 15N enrichment. This result, combined with the positive correlation between AI and acorns length, support the use of acorns as a tool, their isoscapes of nitrogen being a stepping stone for the provenance of the black Iberian pig.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Multi-Target Alternative Approaches to Promoting Fresh-Cut Carrots’ Bioactive and Fresh-like Quality

Fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, as near-fresh foods, are a quick and easy solution to a healthy and balanced diet. The rapid degradation of nutritional and sensory quality during the processing and storage of a product is critical and plant-type-dependent. The introduction of disruptive technological solutions in fresh-cut processing, which could maintain fresh-like quality with less environmental impact, is an emerging research concept. The application of abiotic stress treatments (heat shock and UV-C) induces metabolic responses and microbial effects in plant tissues, potentially slowing down several quality senescence pathways. The previously selected combined and single effects of heat shock (100 °C/45 s; in the whole root) and UV-C (2.5 kJ/m2) treatments and two packaging conditions (oriented polypropylene (OPP) vs. micro-perforated OPP films) on controlling critical degradation pathways of fresh-cut carrots and on promoting bioactive and sensory quality during storage (5 °C, 14 days) were studied. Among the tested combinations, synergistic effects on the quality retention of fresh-cut carrots were only attained for applying heat shock associated with micro-perforated OPP film packaging. Its effects on reducing (3.3 Log10 CFU/g) the initial contamination and controlling microbiological spoilage (counts below the threshold limit of 7.5 Log10 CFU/g), increasing the bioactive content (38% and 72% in total phenolic content and chlorogenic acid, respectively), and preserving fresh quality attributes prove to be a viable alternative technology for shredded carrot processing.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Unexpected angiographic and visual findings after clipping of a carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm

A 56-year-old woman underwent surgery for a ruptured carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysm. Intraoperative visual inspection confirmed that the ophthalmic artery was left intact. She had no light perception on the operated side right after surgery. Angiography one week after surgery confirmed exclusion of the aneurysm, no filling of the proximal portion of the ophthalmic artery, and a very faint filling of its distal orbital part. She gradually recovered from this deficit and 9 months after surgery she is capable of counting fingers. At this time angiography displayed filling of all the portions of the ophthalmic artery, absence of recruitment of collateral blood supply, and exclusion of the aneurysm as before. Surgical manipulation seems to either have induced vasospasm or thrombosis of the ophthalmic artery. Regression of vasospasm or secondary recanalization of the thrombus without development of collateral blood supply may account for the gradual improvement of vision. A risk of monocular blindness is associated with the surgical treatment of para-clinoid aneurysms. Nevertheless, when it occurs, a perspective of recovery may exist if certain etiologies are involved

Quality attributes of cultivated white crowberries (Corema album (L.) D. Don) from a multi-origin clonal field

There is a growing interest in Corema album (L.) D. Don fruits due to the unique white colour, mildly acidic lemony flavour and health-promoting properties associated with its bioactive composition. This study performs a physical–chemical characterisation of cultivated C. album fruits from a multi-origin clonal field. The field comprises ten wild populations with distinct geographical origins, grown under the same edaphoclimatic conditions. We analysed fruits CIELab colour parameters, texture profile (TPA), pH, acidity (TA, g.100 mL−1), soluble solids content (SSC, %) and total phenolic content (TPC, mg CAE.100 g−1). Our results showed differences between fruits physical–chemical attributes. Variation patterns in fruits SSC and hardness suggest that the differences might be related to the original geographical location of the populations. The determined TPC levels in all samples were very encouraging at a bioactive level, ranging from 185.3 to 355.6 mg CAE.100 g−1. Fruits from Mira and Pego populations stood out from the ten geographical provenances. Mira fruit samples had higher sweetness and lower acidity, while the Pego ones had firmer fruits and higher phenolic content. The multi-origin clonal field allowed us to offer an interesting scientific comparative background, highlighting the large potential of these berries for introduction in the commercial market. Not only our results support the potential of white crowberry as a new crop; the detected differences also indicate a hidden capacity for small fruit market diversification.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Review

LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-031311 SFRH/BD/09347/2021 PTDC/QUIQIN/29778/2017 IPL/2021/WASTE4CAT_ISEL IPL/2021/MuMiAS-2D_ISELIn SERS analysis, the specificity of molecular fingerprints is combined with potential single-molecule sensitivity so that is an attractive tool to detect molecules in trace amounts. Although several substrates have been widely used from early on, there are still some problems such as the difficulties to bind some molecules to the substrate. With the development of nanotechnology, an increasing interest has been focused on plasmonic metal nanoparticles hybridized with (2D) nanomaterials due to their unique properties. More frequently, the excellent properties of the hybrids compounds have been used to improve the drawbacks of the SERS platforms in order to create a system with outstanding properties. In this review, the physics and working principles of SERS will be provided along with the properties of differently shaped metal nanoparticles. After that, an overview on how the hybrid compounds can be engineered to obtain the SERS platform with unique properties will be given.publishersversionpublishe