Competences, skills and tasks in today's jobs for linguists: Evidence from a corpus of job advertisements. UPSKILLS Intellectual output 1.3

The corpus-based analysis of job advertisements is part of the UPSKILLS needs analysis. Its objective is twofold. First, it aims to provide an overview of the knowledge, skills and competences mentioned in job posts targeting graduates in language-related degrees or professionals with expertise in this area, as well as of the typical tasks and responsibilities associated with these positions. Second, it aims to provide an initial list of companies at the crossroads between the language sector and the digital sector, which can be involved as stakeholders for the dissemination of UPSKILLS results

Concepção de Software para constituição e gestão semi-automática de Corpora de especialidade

Dissertação mest., Linguística - Terminologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2007The software prototype called e-Termite presented in this thesis focuses on building and managing corpora for specialized purposes. We establish two di erent phases in the compilation of corpora. Although these complement each other, we try to articulate their di erent processes and functions. The decision to create the prototype was made, when it was understood that there are not many software programs that help terminologists working on corpora building. Chapter 1 sets out the objectives of this thesis. Chapter 2 and 3 present the changes that have occured in Terminology and set the conceptual background for the software design. They also refer to the importance of corpora and text in the understanding of terminological units. The following chapter, chapter 4, describes e-Termite and its application through the presentation of a use case, showing the importance of the de ning criteria. In the last chapter, we summarize the limitations of the program and foresee possible applications

Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes in the Brain: Cellular Internalization and Neuroinflammatory Responses

The potential use of functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) for drug and gene delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) and as neural substrates makes the understanding of their in vivo interactions with the neural tissue essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between chemically functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWNTs) and the neural tissue following cortical stereotactic administration. Two different f-MWNT constructs were used in these studies: shortened (by oxidation) amino-functionalized MWNT (oxMWNT-NH3+) and amino-functionalized MWNT (MWNT-NH3+). Parenchymal distribution of the stereotactically injected f-MWNTs was assessed by histological examination. Both f-MWNT were uptaken by different types of neural tissue cells (microglia, astrocytes and neurons), however different patterns of cellular internalization were observed between the nanotubes. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining for specific markers of glial cell activation (GFAP and CD11b) was performed and secretion of inflammatory cytokines was investigated using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Injections of both f-MWNT constructs led to a local and transient induction of inflammatory cytokines at early time points. Oxidation of nanotubes seemed to induce significant levels of GFAP and CD11b over-expression in areas peripheral to the f-MWNT injection site. These results highlight the importance of nanotube functionalization on their interaction with brain tissue that is deemed critical for the development nanotube-based vector systems for CNS application

"Delirium Day": a nationwide point prevalence study of delirium in older hospitalized patients using an easy standardized diagnostic tool

To date, delirium prevalence in adult acute hospital populations has been estimated generally from pooled findings of single-center studies and/or among specific patient populations. Furthermore, the number of participants in these studies has not exceeded a few hundred. To overcome these limitations, we have determined, in a multicenter study, the prevalence of delirium over a single day among a large population of patients admitted to acute and rehabilitation hospital wards in Italy

The association of indwelling urinary catheter with delirium in hospitalized patients and nursing home residents: an explorative analysis from the "Delirium Day 2015"

Backround: Use of indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) in older adults has negative consequences, including delirium. Aim: This analysis, from the "Delirium Day 2015", a nationwide multicenter prevalence study, aim to evaluate the association of IUC with delirium in hospitalized and Nursing Homes (NHs) patients. Methods: Patients underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment, including the presence of IUC; inclusion criteria were age > 65 years, being Italian speaker and providing informed consent; exclusion criteria were coma, aphasia, end-of-life status. Delirium was assessed using the 4AT test (score ≥ 4: possible delirium; scores 1-3: possible cognitive impairment). Results: Among 1867 hospitalized patients (mean age 82.0 ± 7.5 years, 58% female), 539 (28.9%) had IUC, 429 (22.9%) delirium and 675 (36.1%) cognitive impairment. IUC was significantly associated with cognitive impairment (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.19-2.16) and delirium (2.45, 95% CI 1.73-3.47), this latter being significant also in the subset of patients without dementia (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.52-3.43). Inattention and impaired alertness were also independently associated with IUC. Among 1454 NHs residents (mean age 84.4 ± 7.4 years, 70.% female), 63 (4.3%) had IUC, 535 (36.8%) a 4AT score ≥ 4, and 653 (44.9%) a 4AT score 1-3. The multivariate logistic regression analysis did not show a significant association between 4AT test or its specific items with IUC, neither in the subset of patients without dementia. Discussion: We confirmed a significant association between IUC and delirium in hospitalized patients but not in NHs residents. Conclusion: Environmental and clinical factors of acute setting might contribute to IUC-associated delirium occurrence

Prevalence of Comorbidities in Individuals Diagnosed and Undiagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease in León, Spain and a Proposal for Contingency Procedures to Follow in the Case of Emergencies Involving People with Alzheimer’s Disease

pg. 1-15Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which is the most common type of dementia is characterized by mental or cognitive disorders. People su ering with this condition find it inherently di cult to communicate and describe symptoms. As a consequence, both detection and treatment of comorbidities associated with Alzheimer’s disease are substantially impaired. Equally, action protocols in the case of emergencies must be clearly formulated and stated. Methods: We performed a bibliography search followed by an observational and cross-sectional study involving a thorough review of medical records. A group of AD patients was compared with a control group. Each group consisted of 100 people and were all León residents aged 65 years. Results: The following comorbidities were found to be associated with AD: cataracts, urinary incontinence, osteoarthritis, hearing loss, osteoporosis, and personality disorders. The most frequent comorbidities in the control group were the following: eye strain, stroke, vertigo, as well as circulatory and respiratory disorders. Comorbidities with a similar incidence in both groups included type 2 diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, depression, obesity, arthritis, and anxiety. We also reviewed emergency procedures employed in the case of an emergency involving an AD patient. Conclusions: Some comorbidities were present in both the AD and control groups, while others were found in the AD group and not in the control group, and vice versa.S

"Delirium Day": A nationwide point prevalence study of delirium in older hospitalized patients using an easy standardized diagnostic tool

Background: To date, delirium prevalence in adult acute hospital populations has been estimated generally from pooled findings of single-center studies and/or among specific patient populations. Furthermore, the number of participants in these studies has not exceeded a few hundred. To overcome these limitations, we have determined, in a multicenter study, the prevalence of delirium over a single day among a large population of patients admitted to acute and rehabilitation hospital wards in Italy. Methods: This is a point prevalence study (called "Delirium Day") including 1867 older patients (aged 65 years or more) across 108 acute and 12 rehabilitation wards in Italian hospitals. Delirium was assessed on the same day in all patients using the 4AT, a validated and briefly administered tool which does not require training. We also collected data regarding motoric subtypes of delirium, functional and nutritional status, dementia, comorbidity, medications, feeding tubes, peripheral venous and urinary catheters, and physical restraints. Results: The mean sample age was 82.0 ± 7.5 years (58 % female). Overall, 429 patients (22.9 %) had delirium. Hypoactive was the commonest subtype (132/344 patients, 38.5 %), followed by mixed, hyperactive, and nonmotoric delirium. The prevalence was highest in Neurology (28.5 %) and Geriatrics (24.7 %), lowest in Rehabilitation (14.0 %), and intermediate in Orthopedic (20.6 %) and Internal Medicine wards (21.4 %). In a multivariable logistic regression, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.05), Activities of Daily Living dependence (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.12-1.27), dementia (OR 3.25, 95 % CI 2.41-4.38), malnutrition (OR 2.01, 95 % CI 1.29-3.14), and use of antipsychotics (OR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.45-2.82), feeding tubes (OR 2.51, 95 % CI 1.11-5.66), peripheral venous catheters (OR 1.41, 95 % CI 1.06-1.87), urinary catheters (OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.30-2.29), and physical restraints (OR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.40-2.40) were associated with delirium. Admission to Neurology wards was also associated with delirium (OR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.29-3.14), while admission to other settings was not. Conclusions: Delirium occurred in more than one out of five patients in acute and rehabilitation hospital wards. Prevalence was highest in Neurology and lowest in Rehabilitation divisions. The "Delirium Day" project might become a useful method to assess delirium across hospital settings and a benchmarking platform for future surveys

Evaluación de la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes con artritis reumatoide a través de los hallazgos en tomografía Cone Beam.

Introducción: El objetivo general del estudio fué identificar datos de imagenología en la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR). Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de los pacientes previamente referidos por parte del Servicio de Reumatología del Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González” diagnosticados con artritis reumatoide a la consulta del Posgrado de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. En el periodo de noviembre 2012. El total de pacientes fué de 19. Resultados: La relación existente entre la presencia de signos radiográficos y la edad está representada en la table 1 donde se aprecia que el mayor porcentaje de los pacientes se encuentra en el grupo de 50-59 años (47.4%). En la tabla 2 observamos la tendencia hacia el sexo femenino con un 94.7%. A su vez en la tabla 3 podemos observar los cambios encontrados en el espacio articular evaluados en el estudio según el grado de actividad de la enfermedad (AR). El mayor número de casos (19 pacientes) solo el 10.5 % tenían disminuido el espacio articular. En la tabla 4 se muestran los cambios en los cóndilos mandibulares en los cuales se utilizó la escala según Rohlin M y Petersson A: Grado 0 (normal): Cortical del cóndilo bien definida. Grado I (leve): Presencia de destrucción cortical y márgenes irregulares del cóndilo. Grado II (moderado): Destrucción del hueso o erosion del cóndilo. Grado III (severo): Destrucción completa del cóndilo Existe una relación de las modificaciones en la estructura ósea condilar según el grado de actividad, ya que fue ahí donde se encontraron datos significativos en el estudio. Las estructuras óseas encontradas en los pacientes únicamente del lado izquierdo con grado I tuvieron el mayor porcentaje con el (47.5%) seguido del grado II con el (26.3%), el grado 0 con el (21%) y el grado III con el (5.2%). En el lado derecho se encontró con grado 0 el (42.1%), grado I (47.5%), el grado II (5.2%) y el grado III (5.2%). En la tabla 5 se muestra un (63%) sin cambios en la cavidad gleniodea y en la tabla 6 un (79%) sin cambios en la eminencia articular. Conclusión: En pacientes con AR es frecuente identificar hallazgos radiográficos en la articulación temporomandibular, articulación comúnmente comprometida. La edad del paciente influye significativamente en éstos hallazgos. El género tiene relación significativa con los hallazgos radiográficos, siendo el femenino más comprometido comparado con el masculino. El grado de actividad de la AR así como el tiempo de evolución tiene una relación positiva con los hallazgos radiográficos

Characterization of four novel bacteriophages targeting multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains of sequence type 147 and 307

Introduction: the development of alternative antimicrobial strategies is deemed to be a high priority to deal with the challenge caused by the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in clinical settings. according to several international organizations, phages or components thereof are one of these possible options that could be useful to treat bacterial infections. among the drug-resistant bacteria, carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) are particularly worrisome, given the extensive MDR profiles, their pandemic dissemination and primary role in healthcare associated and life-threatening infections. In this study we isolated and characterised four lytic bacteriophages targeting two major high-risk clones of CR-Kp circulating in hospital environments, i.e., those belonging to Sequence Type (ST) 307 and ST147. Materials and methods: wastewater samples collected from hospitals located in central Italy were screened for the presence of phages by using a previously characterized collection of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates as hosts and the top-agar overlay technique. host specificity and infection efficiency was assessed by spot test and efficiency of plating, respectively. Dynamic of bacterial infections was determined by the one-step growth curve method. Phages were visualized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and their genomes were obtained and analysed by a Next Generation Sequencing approach followed by bioinformatics analysis. Results: four bacteriophages, named GP-1, GP-2, GP-4 and GP-5, have been isolated, purified and produced at high titres. collectively, two phages were able to selectively lyse 12/14 K. pneumoniae strains of ST307, while the other two were active only against all the tested K. pneumoniae strains of ST147 (n=12). phages maintain an overall good stability to temperature and pH changes and were characterized by infection cycles having latency periods ranging from 10 to 50 minutes and burst sizes of 10-100 PFU. results from TEM analysis and genome sequencing demonstrated that the four phages were of different families and allowed to rule out the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors or toxins. Discussion and Conclusions: Considering their strictly lytic nature and their high selectivity towards two of the major high-risk clones of K. pneumoniae, the isolated phages can be considered as good candidates for their evaluation in animal models as members of cocktails for applications to treat severe infections caused by CR-Kp strains

Estudo comparativo de estratégias utilizadas na tradução parcial da obra La invención de Morel, de Adolfo Bioy Casares

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Línguas Estrangeiras e Tradução, 2013.Este trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar o processo que o autor fez para traduzir La invención de Morel, de Adolfo Bioy Casares. O autor também faz um breve estudo sobre metodologias e estratégias utilizadas nas traduções anteriores da La invención de Morel para o português