The Degree of Availability and Utility of Equipments and resources of Pre- Vocational Education Workshops in Irbid Schools from Teachers Perspective

This study aims at exploring The Availability and Utility of Equipments and Supplies of Pre-Vocational Education Workshops in the Schools of Irbid governorate  From Teachers Perspective, A questionnaire was used as a method of gathering data. The questionnaire included a list of all the necessary equipments and instruction aids, for pre- vocational education workshops in the General Education stage from 1st to 10th classes . This list covered five engineering domains: agricultural, equipments associated with sewing , weaving, health and public safety. The sample of the study consisted of (121) pre-Vocational Education  teachers who were selected through the method of comprehensive survey to the community of the study in Irbid governorate. After gathering the data and statistically analyzed , results showed a low, as well as, insufficient availability and utility of the pre-vocational equipments and instructional aids associated with pre-vocational education workshops in the five domains covered by the study. The domain of engineering came to be more prominent in male schools and the domain of sewing and weaving in female schools. Researchers provided some recommendations in the light of this study : conducting an extensive study to compile the needs of pre-vocational education workshops concerning equipments advised by pre-Vocational Education  teachers as necessary to these workshops, and conducting studies about the obstacles of the supply of the equipments and tools of the workshops of pre-vocational education to process them and find suitable alternatives, and working on creating a separate budget for the workshops of pre-vocational education to gradually guarantee the availability of necessary equipments and instructional aids so that all needs are available within convenient time frame. Keywords: Pre- Vocational Education equipments, Pre- Vocational Education workshops, Pre- Vocational Education Instructional Aids, Pre- Vocational Education  Teacher

Arabic text classification methods: Systematic literature review of primary studies

Recent research on Big Data proposed and evaluated a number of advanced techniques to gain meaningful information from the complex and large volume of data available on the World Wide Web. To achieve accurate text analysis, a process is usually initiated with a Text Classification (TC) method. Reviewing the very recent literature in this area shows that most studies are focused on English (and other scripts) while attempts on classifying Arabic texts remain relatively very limited. Hence, we intend to contribute the first Systematic Literature Review (SLR) utilizing a search protocol strictly to summarize key characteristics of the different TC techniques and methods used to classify Arabic text, this work also aims to identify and share a scientific evidence of the gap in current literature to help suggesting areas for further research. Our SLR explicitly investigates empirical evidence as a decision factor to include studies, then conclude which classifier produced more accurate results. Further, our findings identify the lack of standardized corpuses for Arabic text; authors compile their own, and most of the work is focused on Modern Arabic with very little done on Colloquial Arabic despite its wide use in Social Media Networks such as Twitter. In total, 1464 papers were surveyed from which 48 primary studies were included and analyzed

Web browser artefacts in private and portable modes: a forensic investigation

Web browsers are essential tools for accessing the internet. Extra complexities are added to forensic investigations when recovering browsing artefacts as portable and private browsing are now common and available in popular web browsers. Browsers claim that whilst operating in private mode, no data is stored on the system. This paper investigates whether the claims of web browsers discretion are true by analysing the remnants of browsing left by the latest versions of Internet Explorer, Chrome, Firefox, and Opera when used in a private browsing session, as a portable browser, and when the former is running in private mode. Some of our key findings show how forensic analysis of the file system recovers evidence from IE while running in private mode whereas other browsers seem to maintain better user privacy. We analyse volatile memory and demonstrate how physical memory by means of dump files, hibernate and page files are the key areas where evidence from all browsers will still be recoverable despite their mode or location they run from

Low phase noise performance of VCO using MEMS

The paper presents a monolithic voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) prototype designed with micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) devices. It achieves the stringent performance requirements of various wireless communication applications such as GSM cellular telephony. The VCO meets the low phase noise requirement of -136 dBc/Hz at large offset frequency (3 MHz) over the appropriate frequency range. A model for the simulation of the monolithic VCO is proposed. A suitable topology for the model is the Colpitts oscillator. It is relatively less complicated, which facilitates the practical integration of the LC components. The main components in the configuration are the MEMS variable capacitor and monolithic 3-D coil inductor. These components are suitable for low phase-noise and low power consumption at the application frequencies

Using MEMS in class D amplifiers for standard GSM carrier

The equivalent circuit of MEMS capacitive switches can be used to analyze a class D power amplifier, operated by a power supply of 3.7V. The system is intended for GSM audio frequency to produce an output power of (0.5-1.0) mW at a load output impedance of (8-10) Q. The system gain must be greater than 33 dBm and the estimated loss (0.5-1) dB. A model for the power amplifier using MEMS passive devices has been developed. The model helps to determine the design parameters that affect the performance and reliability of the system that operate an RF transceiver. The optimization of the amplifier and the MEMS capacitor switching devices and how to integrate the system, will also be discussed. The design and the equivalent circuit were simulated using a PSpice model

Angular Momentum Partitioning and Hexacontatetrapole Moments in Impulsively Excited Argon Ions

We have studied polarized electron collisions with Ar in which the target is simultaneously ionized and excited to form Ar+(3p4(1D)4p) states. We measured the integrated Stokes parameters of the subsequent fluorescence emitted by the 2F7/2, 2F5/2, 2D5/2, and 2P3/2 states along the direction of electron polarization. The Rubin-Bederson hypothesis is shown to hold for the L and S multipoles of these states. The electric quadrupole and hexadecapole of the 1D core are derived. By recoupling these moments with the electric quadrupole moment of the 4p electron, we calculate higher moments of the total ionic orbital angular momentum, including its hexacontatetrapole (64-pole) moment

Angular momentum partitioning and the subshell multipole moments in impulsively excited argon ions

We have investigated collisions between transversely polarized electrons and Ar, in which the Ar is simultaneously ionized and excited to the Ar+*[3p4(+D)4p] states. The Stokes parameters of the fluorescence emitted in the following transitions was measured: (+D)4s 2D/2−(1D)4p 2F7/2 (461.0 nm), (1D)4s 2D5/2 −(1D)4p 2F5/2 (463.7 nm), (1P)3d 2D5/2−(1D)4p 2D5/2 (448.2 nm), and (1D)4s 2D3/2−(1D)4p 2P3/2 (423.7 nm). We develop the angular momentum algebra necessary to extract from these data, starting from the overall atomic J multipoles, the partitioning of orbital angular momentum into the 1D core electric quadrupole and hexadecapole moments, and the outer 4p electric quadrupole moment. The magnetic dipole of the outer electron is also determined. This procedure requires the assumption of good LS coupling for these states, which is justified. We recouple these individual core- and outer-electron moments to calculate the initial electric quadrupoles, hexadecapoles, and hexacontatetrapoles of the initial excited-state manifold. The detailed time structure of the electron-atom collision is considered, as well as the time evolution of the excited ionic state. The Rubin-Bederson hypothesis is thus shown to hold for the initial ionic L and S terms. The consequences of the breakdown of LS coupling are considered. From the circular polarization data, estimates of the relative importance of direct and exchange excitation cross section are made. We discuss experimental issues related to background contributions, Hanle depolarization of the fluorescence signal, and cascade contributions. Nonlinearity of the equations relating the Stokes parameters to the subshell multipole moments complicates the data analysis. Details of the Monte Carlo terrain-search algorithm used to extract multipole data is discussed, and the implications of correlation between the various subshell multipole moments is analyzed. The physical significance of the higher-order multipole moments is discussed, and graphical representations of the effects of these multipoles on the excited ionic charge clouds is presented

‘The language is disgusting and they refer to my disability’: the cyberharassment of disabled people

Disabled people face hostility and harassment in their sociocultural environment. The use of electronic-communications creates an online context that further reshape this discrimination. We explored the experiences of 19 disabled victims of cyberharassment. Five themes emerged from the study: disability and health consequences, family involvement, misrepresentation of self, perceived complexity, and lack of awareness and expertise. Cyberharassment incidents against disabled people were influenced by the pre-existing impairment, perceived hate-targeting, and perpetrators faking disability to get closer to victims online. Our findings highlight a growing issue requiring action and proper support

Evaluation of Language Skills of Upper Basic Stage Students in light of Language Performance Indicators

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقويم المهارات اللغوية لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسية العليا في ضوء مؤشرات الأداء اللغوي (مهارة الاستماع، والقراءة، والكتابة)، واستخدم المنهج الوصفي المسحي لمناسبته لطبيعة الدراسة وأهدافها.  تكونت عينة الدراسة من (317) طالبًا وطالبةً، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم إعداد ثلاثة اختبارات لتقويم المهارات اللغوية في ضوء مؤشرات الأداء اللغوي، وقد جرى التأكد من صدقها وثباتها وتطبيقها على عينة الدراسة.  وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن مهارة القراءة جاءت في المرتبة الأولى بدرجة متوسطة، بينما جاءت مهارة الكتابة في المرتبة الثانية بدرجة ضعيفة، بينما جاءت مهارة الاستماع في المرتبة الأخيرة وبدرجة ضعيفة. وجاء مستوى طلبة المرحلة الأساسية العليا في المهارات اللغوية في ضوء مؤشرات الأداء اللغوي ككل بدرجة ضعيفة.  وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دالة إحصائية تعزى لأثر الجنس في جميع المهارات، وقد جاءت الفروق لصالح الإناث، ووجود فروق بين مهارة الاستماع من جهة وكل من مهارة القراءة، ومهارة الكتابة من جهة أخرى، وجاءت الفروق لصالح كل من مهارة القراءة، ومهارة الكتابة.       The study aimed to assess the linguistic skills (listening، reading، and writing (of upper basic stage students based on linguistic performance parameters.  The descriptive survey method was used due to the suitability   the nature and objectives of the study. The study sample consisted of 317 male and female students.  Three tests were created to evaluate language skills in light of language performance parameters، and their validity and reliability were approved and applied to the study sample to achieve the goal of the study. The results revealed that reading came first with an average score، the reading skill came second with a weak score، while listening came last with a poor score. The level of linguistic skills of upper basic stage students was generally weak based on the entire linguistic performance parameters. The results also showed that the gender effect is statistically significant in all skills and total scores. Furthermore، all of the differences were in favor of female students. The results also revealed that there were differences between listening skill on one hand and the reading and writing skills on the other، with the reading and writing skills outperforming the listening and skill