Effect of hydrogen blending on the combustion performance, emission, and cycle-to-cycle variation characteristics of a single-cylinder GDI spark ignition dual-fuel engine

The effect of hydrogen addition on combustion, performance, emission and cyclic variation under different hydrogen flow rates (2, 5, 8, 11, and 14 LPM) were investigated based on a SI engine with hydrogen port induction and gasoline direct injection. The in-cylinder pressure increases by 52.04% with an 8LPM of hydrogen flow rate. The rate of pressure rise and heat release from the hydrogen-gasoline mixture combustion are more concentrated and 95.53% increase in the engine torque. For the specified hydrogen flow rate, brake specific energy consumption was reduced by 92.27% and brake thermal efficiency increased by 25%. Moreover, CO emission was improved after hydrogen addition under all operating conditions. CO2 and NOX emissions were continuously increased with hydrogen addition. The cyclic variation was increased with the increase in the hydrogen flow rate and reduced with the increase in gasoline injection quantity

Quality attributes of Bearss Seedless lime (Citrus latifolia Tan) juice during storage.

The composition of three types of date juices, that differs by their couple of extraction and obtained from the rest of the sorting of cultivars Deglet Nour, were studied. The fruits were grown in Djerid region (Tozeur, Tunisia). Juices were characterised by yield, pH, soluble solids, organic acid, minerals content, individual carbohydrates, vitamin C, yeasts and moulds, coliforms and flora total aerobe contents. For the physicochemical parameters, only the J3 presents the best yields with content in citric acid of 2.13 g L-1, in phosphor of 0.083% (dry mater), in glucose 26.529 g L-1, in fructose 39.59 g L-1 and in sucrose 185.883 g L-1. For the bacteriological parameters, the results show that all prepared juices answer the microbiological requirements of hygiene well