The Pragmatics of Speech Acts of Request in EFL Teaching

Досліджено мовленнєві акти прохання та систематизовано різноманітні засоби їхнього утворення з точки зору прагматичної компетенції.Исследованы просьбы как речевой акт и систематизированы разные методы их образования с точки зрения прагматической компетенции.The paper researches speech acts of request and attempts to systemize the various strategies used for the purpose of requesting from the pragmatic point of view

TRANSLATED AND NON-TRANSLATED ENGLISH: SIMILAR OR DIFFERENT?

The article deals with the notion of ‘translated English’ in contrast to ‘non-translated English’. This type of English has been shown to be different from comparable non-translated texts in English, in the sense that they have specific properties that cannot be found in the latter, and being different from each other due to the source languages and culture-specific translation traditions.Рассмотрено понятие «английский как язык перевода» в отличие от «английский как язык оригинала». Различие между двумя вариантами рассмотрено в контексте особенностей языка оригинала и культурных традиций перевода, свойственных данной стране.Розглянуто поняття «англійська мова як мова перекладу» на відміну від«англійська мова як мова оригіналу». Розбіжності між двома варіантами розглянуто у розумінні властивостей, притаманних мові оригінала та культурних традицій перекладу, характерних для цієї країни

Light unbound nuclear systems beyond the dripline

Starting from the first observation of the halo phenomenon 20 years ago, more and more neutron-rich light nuclei were observed. The study of unstable nuclear systems beyond the dripline is a relatively new branch of nuclear physics. In the present work, the results of an experiment at GSI (Darmstadt) with relativistic beams of the halo nuclei 8He, 11Li and 14Be with energies of 240, 280 and 305 MeV/nucleon, respectively, impinging on a liquid hydrogen target are discussed. Neutron/proton knockout reactions lead to the formation of unbound systems, followed by their immediate decay. The experimental setup, consisting of the neutron detector LAND, the dipole spectrometer ALADIN and different types of tracking detectors, allows the reconstruction of the momentum vectors of all reaction products measured in coincidence. The properties of unbound nuclei are investigated by reconstructing the relative-energy spectra as well as by studying the angular correlations between the reaction products. The observed systems are 9He, 10He, 10Li, 12Li and 13Li. The isotopes 12Li and 13Li are observed for the first time. They are produced in the 1H(14Be, 2pn)12Li and 1H(14Be, 2p)13Li knockout reactions. The obtained relative-energy spectrum of 12Li is described as a single virtual s-state with a scattering length of as = -22;13.7(1.6) fm. The spectrum of 13Li is interpreted as a resonance at an energy of Er = 1.47(13) MeV and a width of Gamma ~ 2 MeV superimposed on a broad correlated background distribution. The isotope 10Li is observed after one-neutron knockout from the halo nucleus 11Li. The obtained relative-energy spectrum is described by a low-lying virtual s-state with a scattering length as = -22.4(4.8) fm and a p-wave resonance with Er = 0.566(14) MeV and Gamma = 0.548(30) MeV, in agreement with previous experiments. The observation of the nucleus 8He in coincidence with one or two neutrons, as a result of proton knockout from 11Li, allows to reconstruct the relative-energy spectra for the heavy helium isotopes, 9He and 10He. The low-energy part of the 9He spectrum is described by a virtual s-state with a scattering length as = -3.16(78) fm. In addition, two resonance states with l 6= 0 at energies of 1.33(8) and 2.4 MeV are observed. For the 10He spectrum, two interpretations are possible. It can be interpreted as a superposition of a narrow resonance at 1.42(10) MeV and a broad correlated background distribution. Alternatively, the spectrum is being well described by two resonances at energies of 1.54(11) and 3.99(26) MeV. Additionally, three-body energy and angular correlations in 10He and 13Li nuclei at the region of the ground state (0 < ECnn < 3 MeV) are studied, providing information about structure of these unbound nuclear systems

SURVEILLANCE AS THE BASIS OF MODERN SCIENTIFIC AND METHODICAL APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF TUBERCULOSIS

On the territory in Omsk region for 20 years has been an active epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis infection. The author presents data of epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis infection in the region

RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSIS OF NIDAL MORBIDITY OF TUBERCULOSITY (BY THE RESULTS OF DISPERSE ANALYSIS)

The author has carried out mathematical analysis which revealed the most significant risk factors of disease development in contact persons from nidi of tuberculosis infection, helped to define the degree of their influence on indices of nidal morbidity and to forecast development of epidemic process in epidemic nidi. The forecast table of morbidity in TB nidi was worked out and introduced. The use of this table will provide phthisiatricians and epidemiologists with the opportunity to carry out more qualitative antiepidemic measurements on the territory

Методологические принципы двухуровневой классификации категорий социального воспитания

Introduction. Pedagogy of social education is a new branch of pedagogy, therefore its categorical and terminological apparatus is characterized by unformedness and undevelopedness. The presence of a categorical and terminological apparatus ensures the fundamentality and solidity of science, which requires its development. A correct and scientifically substantiated categorical and terminological apparatus of social education will contribute to the further concretized and objectified search for scientific knowledge about social education.Purpose setting. The theoretical analysis of publications indicates that systematic studies on the terminological content of pedagogy are isolated, and are more related to the historical aspects of the development of pedagogy in the analysis of individual categories/concepts, and not with its current state. It is revealed that the research of pedagogical categories and concepts is actively conducted in new branches of pedagogical science. Systematic studies of the categorical and terminological apparatus of social education are not carried out either in Russia or abroad. The purpose of the article is to search and analyze the classification of categories of social education.Methodology and methods of the study. The study used theoretical research methods: analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, and classification method.Results. A two-level classification of the scientific categories of social education has been developed, which includes categories of the first and second order.Conclusion. Categories of the first order created by means of mechanisms for the formation of categories of classification and include a key category, synthesized, integrated and additional categories. Categories of the second order are formed according to the criterion of the basic assignment of categories. Classification of categories of the second order includes the base category, system and process categories.Введение. Педагогика социального воспитания является новой отраслью педагогики, поэтому ее категориально-терминологический аппарат характеризуется несформированностью и неразработанностью. Наличие категориально-терминологического аппарата обеспечивает фундаментальность и основательность науки, что требует его разработки. Корректный и научно-обоснованный категориально-терминологический аппарат социального воспитания будет способствовать дальнейшему конкретизированному и объективизированному поиску научного знания о социальном воспитании.Постановка задачи. Теоретический анализ публикаций указывает на то, что системные исследования по терминологическому наполнению педагогики являются единичными и в большей степени связаны с историческими аспектами развития педагогики при анализе отдельных категорий/понятий, а не с современным ее состоянием. Выявлено, что исследования педагогических категорий и понятий активно ведутся в новых отраслях педагогической науки. Системные исследования категориально-терминологического аппарата социального воспитания не осуществляются ни в России, ни за ее пределами. Цели статьи – поиск и анализ классификации категорий социального воспитания.Методика и методология исследования. В исследовании применялись теоретические методы: анализ, синтез, систематизация, сопоставление и метод классификации.Результаты. Разработана двухуровневая классификация научных категорий социального воспитания, которая включает категории первого и второго порядка.Выводы. Категории первого порядка созданы посредством механизмов образования категорий. Классификация включает ключевую, синтезированные, интегрированные и дополнительные категории. Категории второго порядка образованы по критерию базового назначения категорий. Классификация категорий второго порядка включает базовую категорию, системные и процессные категории

Beyond the neutron drip line: The unbound oxygen isotopes (25)O and (26)O

This is the publisher's version, and is also available electronically from http://journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.034313.The very neutron-rich oxygen isotopes 25O and 26O are investigated experimentally and theoretically. The unbound states are populated in an experiment performed at the R3B-LAND setup at GSI via proton-knockout reactions from 26F and 27F at relativistic energies around 442 and 414 MeV/nucleon, respectively. From the kinematically complete measurement of the decay into 24O plus one or two neutrons, the 25O ground-state energy and width are determined, and upper limits for the 26O ground-state energy and lifetime are extracted. In addition, the results provide indications for an excited state in 26O at around 4 MeV. The experimental findings are compared to theoretical shell-model calculations based on chiral two- and three-nucleon (3N) forces, including for the first time residual 3N forces, which are shown to be amplified as valence neutrons are added

Assessment of Association of rs2200733 SNP on Chromosome 4q25 with the Risk of the Development of Atrial Fibrillation in the Russian Population

The aim of our case-control study was to investigate the possible genetic association of the rs2200733 SNP on chromosome 4q25 with AF in the Russian population as this association has not been examined before in this ethnicity. Methods and Results: A total of 76 unrelated individuals diagnosed with AF and 73 control subjects without any cardiovascular pathology were included in this study. The diagnosis of AF was based on ECG and/or Holter ECG data following standard diagnostic criteria. We found that the TT genotype of the rs2200733 SNP was associated with a higher risk of AF (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-12.4). The homozygote minor rare allele genotype TT of the rs2200733 SNP tended to elevate the risk of lone AF development (OR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.2-19.5). A risk of secondary AF development did not depend on rs2200733 SNP on chromosome 4q25 (OR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.2-1.3). Conclusion: Our results provide additional evidence for the association between the rs2200733 (4q25) SNP on chromosome 4q25 and AF, emphasizing the need for further studies examining the role of this polymorphism in AF