Exact and quasi-classical density matrix and Wigner functions for a particle in the box and half space

The exact expressions for density matrix and Wigner functions of quantum systems are known only in special cases. Corresponding Hamiltonians are quadratic forms of Euclidean coordinates and momenta. In this paper we consider the problem of one-dimensional free particle movement in the bounded region 0 is less than x is less than a (including the case a = infinity)

Identification of Bacterial Clones Encoding Bovine Caseins by Direct Immunological Screening of the cDNA Library

A sensitive immunoassay was used to identify recombinant plasmids carrying cDNA fragments of bovine caseins in the cDNA library from bovine mammary gland mRNA. Colonies grown on nitrocellulose filters were lysed in situ and proteins from the lysates were blotted onto CNBr-activated cellulose filter paper. Antigens covalently bound to CNBr-activated paper or bound to nitrocellulose filters were detected by reaction with antiserum to caseins, followed by ^125I-labelled Staphylococcus aureus protein A and autoradiography. Six clones were found positive among 5400 of the cDNA library: 3-A1, 3-B2, 3-B5, 3-H7, 2-A5 and 2-C9. The molecular weights of chimeric pre-β-lactamase: casein proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli were estimated by immunoblotting. Colony hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that clone 3-B5 contained a cDNA fragment of bovine χ-casein, clone 3-H7 contained a cDNA fragment of β-casein, while clones 2-A5 and 2-C9 carried cDNA fragments of α_si-casein

Identification of Bacterial Clones Encoding Bovine Caseins by Direct Immunological Screening of the cDNA Library

A sensitive immunoassay was used to identify recombinant plasmids carrying cDNA fragments of bovine caseins in the cDNA library from bovine mammary gland mRNA. Colonies grown on nitrocellulose filters were lysed in situ and proteins from the lysates were blotted onto CNBr-activated cellulose filter paper. Antigens covalently bound to CNBr-activated paper or bound to nitrocellulose filters were detected by reaction with antiserum to caseins, followed by ^125I-labelled Staphylococcus aureus protein A and autoradiography. Six clones were found positive among 5400 of the cDNA library: 3-A1, 3-B2, 3-B5, 3-H7, 2-A5 and 2-C9. The molecular weights of chimeric pre-β-lactamase: casein proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli were estimated by immunoblotting. Colony hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that clone 3-B5 contained a cDNA fragment of bovine χ-casein, clone 3-H7 contained a cDNA fragment of β-casein, while clones 2-A5 and 2-C9 carried cDNA fragments of α_si-casein

First national survey of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Azerbaijan and risk factors analysis.

SETTING: Civilian population of the Republic of Azerbaijan. OBJECTIVES: To determine patterns of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance among new and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases, and explore their association with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. DESIGN: National cross-sectional survey conducted in 2012-2013. RESULTS: Of 789 patients (549 new and 240 previously treated) who met the enrolment criteria, 231 (42%) new and 146 (61%) previously treated patients were resistant to any anti-tuberculosis drug; 72 (13%) new and 66 (28%) previously treated patients had multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Among MDR-TB cases, 38% of new and 46% of previously treated cases had pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) or XDR-TB. In previously treated cases, 51% of those who had failed treatment had MDR-TB, which was 15 times higher than in relapse cases (OR 15.2, 95%CI 6-39). The only characteristic significantly associated with MDR-TB was a history of previous treatment (OR 3.1, 95%CI 2.1-4.7); for this group, history of incarceration was an additional risk factor for MDR-TB (OR 2.8, 95%CI 1.1-7.4). CONCLUSION: Azerbaijan remains a high MDR-TB burden country. There is a need to implement countrywide control and innovative measures to accelerate early diagnosis of drug resistance in individual patients, improve treatment adherence and strengthen routine surveillance of drug resistance

Bariatric operation in treatment of morbidian obesity and metabolic syndrome (revier of literature)

Morbid obesity, associated with various metabolic disorders leading to a decrease in the quality of life and its duration. Conservative treatment of morbid obesity is often ineffective, and therefore bariatric surgery is becoming more common. The review analyzed clinical recommendations and our experience in selecting patients for bariatric surgery, assessed the effectiveness and safety of various types of operations, and outlined the main problems of these operational benefits.Морбидное ожирение, ассоциировано с различными метаболическими нарушениями приводящими к снижению качества жизни и ее продолжительности. консервативные методы лечения морбидного ожирения нередко оказываются неэффективными, в связи с чем, бариатрическая хирургия получила широкое распространение. В обзоре проанализированы клинические рекомендации и наш опыт по отбору пациентов на бариатрические операции, проведена оценка эффективности и безопасности различных видов операций и обозначены основные проблемы данных оперативных пособий

Study of reproductive function in patients with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery

Purpose of the study. To study the effectiveness of bariatric surgeries for reproductive health of patients suffering from morbid obesity.Materials and methods. The medical history of 270 patients suffering from morbid obesity with a violation of the reproductive function was studied. Patients were divided into two groups: 181 of them women, 89 men with a BMI of 45-65 kg / m2. The age of the operated women was from 18 to 58 years old, 7 of them (3.9% of the group of 181 patients) were postmenopausal. Out of 174 patients of 45 - of childbearing age, they complained of a violation of the ovarian-menstrual function. The number of operated men was 89 people aged 18 to 60 years. In the postoperative period, hormone concentrations were studied: testosterone, estrogen, progesterone. The obtained data were compared with the original values. Results. The following signs of clinical improvement of the reproductive system were found: in 36 patients (92%) normalization of the cycle duration occurred. The following group of 31 (91%) patients noted a return to the normal duration of menstrual bleeding. In the last group, menorrhagia disappeared in 11 patients (79%).Treatment led to a normalization of the concentration of hormones studied. Estradiol indicators after a year of the postoperative period decreased to 462 ± 128.4 pmol / l (p <0.01). Similarly, testosterone levels fell to 0.89 ± 0.71 nmol / L (p <0.01). The progesterone content increased to 43 ± 8.3 nmol / l (p <0.01). In 89 male patients with morbid obesity, there was a violation of the background of sex hormones in the form of hypoterosteronemia to 5.34 ± 1.91 nmol / L, hypoprogesteronemia 0.12 ± 0.09 nmol / L and hyperestrogenemia 278 ± 53.8 Pkmol / l. In a laboratory study one year after the operation, the indices were as follows: 1.53 ± 0.92 nmol / L to 5.34 ± 1.91 nmol / L (p <0.01), as did progesterone with 0.12 ± 0 , 09 nmol / l to 2.31 ± 0.83 nmol / l (p <0.01). It is important that the concentration of estradiol 278 ± 53.8 Pkmol / l decreased to 72.3 ± 21.2 Pkmol / l (p <0.01). Discussions. Treatment of patients with both sexes surgically led to a stable, positive result, improving the quality of life. Thanks to bariatric surgery, the patients returned to normal after a certain time, reproductive function was also restored. Reduction of visceral adipose tissue in the patients led to normalization of the hormonal background, which is proved by laboratory tests of blood. And as a consequence of the restoration of reproductive function. The conclusion. Surgical treatment in people with morbid obesity and metabolic syndrome gives good results. Modern surgery allows you to solve problems of infertility associated with excess fat tissue and a broken hormonal background.Цель исследования. Изучить эффективность бариатрических операций для восстановления репродуктивного здоровья пациентов, страдающих морбидным ожирением. Материалы и методы. Изучены истории болезни 270 больных, страдающих морбидным ожирением, имеющих нарушение показателей репродуктивной функции. Пациенты были разделены на две группы: из них женщин 181 человек, мужчин 89 человек с показателями ИМт 45-65 кг/м2 . Возраст оперированных женщин составил от 18 до 58 лет из них 7 пациенток (3,9% от группы 181 пациентки) находились в постменопаузе. Из 174 пациенток 45 - детородного возраста предъявляли жалобы по нарушению овариально-менструальной функции. Число оперированных мужчин составило 89 человек в возрасте от 18 до 60 лет. В послеоперационном периоде изучались концентрации гормонов: тестостерона, эстрогена, прогестерона. Полученные данные сравнивали с первоначальными значениями. результаты. обнаружены следующие признаки клинического улучшения репродуктивной системы: у 36 больных (92%) произошла нормализация длительности цикла. Следующая группа из 31 (91 %) пациентки отметили возвращение к нормальной длительности менструального кровотечения. В последней группе исчезли меноррагии у 11 больных (79%). Лечение привело к нормализации концентрации исследуемых гормонов. Показатели эстрадиола по прошествии года послеоперационного периода снизились до 462±128,4 пкмоль/л (р <0,01). аналогично показатели тестостерона снизились до 0,89±0,71 нмоль/л (р <0,01). Содержание прогестерона возросло до 43±8,3 нмоль/л (р <0,01). У 89 пациентов мужского пола с морбидным ожирением отмечалось нарушение фона половых гормонов в виде гипотестостеронемии до 5,34±1,91 нмоль/л, гипопрогестеронемии 0,12±0,09 нмоль/л и гиперэстрогенемии 278±53,8 Пкмоль/л. При лабораторном исследовании через год после операции показатели были следующими: 1,53±0,92 нмоль/л до 5,34±1,91 нмоль/л (р <0,01), так же увеличивается прогестерон с 0,12±0,09 нмоль/л до 2,31±0,83 нмоль/л (р <0,01). Важно, что концентрация эстрадиола 278±53,8 Пкмоль/л уменьшилось до 72,3±21,2 Пкмоль/л (р <0,01). обсуждения. Лечение больных обоих полов хирургическим способом привело к стойкому, положительному результату, улучшению качества жизни. [10] Благодаря бариатрическим операциям пациентки спустя определенное время приходили к нормальным показателям, репродуктивная функция так же восстанавливалась [7]. Уменьшение висцеральной жировой ткани в организме пациентов приводило к нормализации гормонального фона, что доказывается лабораторными исследованиями крови. И как следствие восстановление репродуктивной функции. Заключение. Лечение хирургическим методом у людей с морбидным ожирение и метаболическим синдромом дает хорошие результаты. Современная хирургия позволяет решать проблемы бесплодия связанные с избытком жировой ткани и нарушенным гормональным фоном

Influence of collaterals on the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and serum NT-proBNP levels in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion

Objective: Although numerous studies have shown the protective effects of the well-developed coronary collaterals on left ventricular functions, the relationship between collateral grade and left ventricular end diastolic pressure has not been studied in chronic total occlusion patients. Also, there are conflicting data on the effect of collaterals on NT-proBNP levels. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between coronary collateral circulation and left ventricular end diastolic pressure and NT-proBNP levels in chronic total occlusion patients. Methods: Study group was retrospectively selected from the patients who had undergone coronary angiography at our hospital between June 2011 and March 2013. Clinical, biochemical, angiographic and hemodynamic data of 199 consecutive patients having at least one totally occluded major epicardial coronary artery were evaluated. Coronary collateral circulation was graded according to Rentrop classification. While Rentrop grade 3 was defined as well-developed, all the remaining collateral grades were regarded as poor collaterals. Results: Overall 87 patients were found to have good collaterals and 112 patients had poor collaterals. There was no significant difference between the patients with well- or poorly developed coronary collaterals with regard to left ventricular end diastolic pressure (16.84 ± 5.40 mmHg vs 16.10 ± 6.09, respectively, p = 0,632) and logNT-proBNP (2.46 ± 0.58 vs 2.59 ± 0.76, respectively, p = 0,335). Conclusion: In patients with coronary chronic total occlusion even well-developed coronary collaterals are not capable of protecting the rise of left ventricular end diastolic pressure and NT-proBNP levels which are reliable markers of the left ventricular dysfunction