Emotions and identity work: Emotions as discursive resources in the constitution of junior professionals’ identities

© The Author(s) 2018. For junior professionals, notions of professional identity established during their education are often called into question in the early stages of their professional careers. The workplace gives rise to identity challenges that manifest in significant emotional struggles. However, although extant literature highlights how emotions trigger and accompany identity work, the constitutive role of emotions in identity work is under-researched. In this article, we analyse how junior professionals mobilize emotions as discursive resources for identity work. Drawing on an empirical study of junior architects employed in professional service firms, we examine how professional identities, imbued with varying forms of discipline and agency, are discursively represented. The study makes two contributions to the literature on emotions and identity work. First, we identify three key identity work strategies (idealizing, reframing and distancing) that are bound up in junior architects’ emotion talk. We suggest that these strategies act simultaneously as a coping mechanism and as a disciplinary force in junior architects’ efforts to constitute themselves as professionals. Second, we argue that identity work may not always lead to the accomplishment of a positive sense of self but can express a sense of disillusionment that leads to the constitution of dejected professional identities

Detection of Multi-drug Resistant \u3cem\u3eEscherichia coli\u3c/em\u3e in the Urban Waterways of Milwaukee, WI

Urban waterways represent a natural reservoir of antibiotic resistance which may provide a source of transferable genetic elements to human commensal bacteria and pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from the urban waterways of Milwaukee, WI compared to those from Milwaukee sewage and a clinical setting in Milwaukee. Antibiotics covering 10 different families were utilized to determine the phenotypic antibiotic resistance for all 259 E. coli isolates. All obtained isolates were determined to be multi-drug resistant. The E. coli isolates were also screened for the presence of the genetic determinants of resistance including ermB (macrolide resistance), tet(M) (tetracycline resistance), and β-lactamases (blaOXA, blaSHV, and blaPSE). E. coli from urban waterways showed a greater incidence of antibiotic resistance to 8 of 17 antibiotics tested compared to human derived sources. These E. coli isolates also demonstrated a greater incidence of resistance to higher numbers of antibiotics compared to the human derived isolates. The urban waterways demonstrated a greater abundance of isolates with co-occurrence of antibiotic resistance than human derived sources. When screened for five different antibiotic resistance genes conferring macrolide, tetracycline, and β-lactam resistance, clinical E. coli isolates were more likely to harbor ermB and blaOXA than isolates from urban waterway. These results indicate that Milwaukee’s urban waterways may select or allow for a greater incidence of multiple antibiotic resistance organisms and likely harbor a different antibiotic resistance gene pool than clinical sources. The implications of this study are significant to understanding the presence of resistance in urban freshwater environments by supporting the idea that sediment from urban waterways serves as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance

Maximum flow and topological structure of complex networks

The problem of sending the maximum amount of flow $q$ between two arbitrary nodes $s$ and $t$ of complex networks along links with unit capacity is studied, which is equivalent to determining the number of link-disjoint paths between $s$ and $t$. The average of $q$ over all node pairs with smaller degree $k_{\rm min}$ is $_{k_{\rm min}} \simeq c k_{\rm min}$ for large $k_{\rm min}$ with $c$ a constant implying that the statistics of $q$ is related to the degree distribution of the network. The disjoint paths between hub nodes are found to be distributed among the links belonging to the same edge-biconnected component, and $q$ can be estimated by the number of pairs of edge-biconnected links incident to the start and terminal node. The relative size of the giant edge-biconnected component of a network approximates to the coefficient $c$. The applicability of our results to real world networks is tested for the Internet at the autonomous system level.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Flows on Graphs with Random Capacities

We investigate flows on graphs whose links have random capacities. For binary trees we derive the probability distribution for the maximal flow from the root to a leaf, and show that for infinite trees it vanishes beyond a certain threshold that depends on the distribution of capacities. We then examine the maximal total flux from the root to the leaves. Our methods generalize to simple graphs with loops, e.g., to hierarchical lattices and to complete graphs.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

Physisorption of Nucleobases on Graphene

We report the results of our first-principles investigation on the interaction of the nucleobases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T), and uracil (U) with graphene, carried out within the density functional theory framework, with additional calculations utilizing Hartree--Fock plus second-order Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory. The calculated binding energy of the nucleobases shows the following hierarchy: G > T ~ C ~ A > U, with the equilibrium configuration being very similar for all five of them. Our results clearly demonstrate that the nucleobases exhibit significantly different interaction strengths when physisorbed on graphene. The stabilizing factor in the interaction between the base molecule and graphene sheet is dominated by the molecular polarizability that allows a weakly attractive dispersion force to be induced between them. The present study represents a significant step towards a first-principles understanding of how the base sequence of DNA can affect its interaction with carbon nanotubes, as observed experimentally.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Transport in weighted networks: Partition into superhighways and roads

Transport in weighted networks is dominated by the minimum spanning tree (MST), the tree connecting all nodes with the minimum total weight. We find that the MST can be partitioned into two distinct components, having significantly different transport properties, characterized by centrality -- number of times a node (or link) is used by transport paths. One component, the {\it superhighways}, is the infinite incipient percolation cluster; for which we find that nodes (or links) with high centrality dominate. For the other component, {\it roads}, which includes the remaining nodes, low centrality nodes dominate. We find also that the distribution of the centrality for the infinite incipient percolation cluster satisfies a power law, with an exponent smaller than that for the entire MST. The significance of this finding is that one can improve significantly the global transport by improving a tiny fraction of the network, the superhighways.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Structure and function in flow networks

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Optimal Paths in Complex Networks with Correlated Weights: The World-wide Airport Network

We study complex networks with weights, $w_{ij}$, associated with each link connecting node $i$ and $j$. The weights are chosen to be correlated with the network topology in the form found in two real world examples, (a) the world-wide airport network, and (b) the {\it E. Coli} metabolic network. Here $w_{ij} \sim x_{ij} (k_i k_j)^\alpha$, where $k_i$ and $k_j$ are the degrees of nodes $i$ and $j$, $x_{ij}$ is a random number and $\alpha$ represents the strength of the correlations. The case $\alpha > 0$ represents correlation between weights and degree, while $\alpha < 0$ represents anti-correlation and the case $\alpha = 0$ reduces to the case of no correlations. We study the scaling of the lengths of the optimal paths, $\ell_{\rm opt}$, with the system size $N$ in strong disorder for scale-free networks for different $\alpha$. We calculate the robustness of correlated scale-free networks with different $\alpha$, and find the networks with $\alpha < 0$ to be the most robust networks when compared to the other values of $\alpha$. We propose an analytical method to study percolation phenomena on networks with this kind of correlation. We compare our simulation results with the real world-wide airport network, and we find good agreement

A case of Dystocia due to Fetal Ascites in Murrah Buffalo

Dystocia in buffalo due to fetal causes is not common. However there are reports suggesting dystocia due to dropsical condition of fetus. Present case reports one of the fetal dropsical conditions in buffalo. In this case we report a successful management of dystocia due to fetal ascites in Murrah buffalo by incising the fetal abdomen to take out the fluid from peritoneum

Ground state properties of fluxlines in a disordered environment

A new numerical method to calculate exact ground states of multi-fluxline systems with quenched disorder is presented, which is based on the minimum cost flow algorithm from combinatorial optimization. We discuss several models that can be studied with this method including their specific implementations, physically relevant observables and results: 1) the N-line model with N fluxlines (or directed polymers) in a d-dimensional environment with point and/or columnar disorder and hard or soft core repulsion; 2) the vortex glass model for a disordered superconductor in the strong screening limit and 3) the Sine-Gordon model with random pase shifts in the strong coupling limit.Comment: 4 pages RevTeX, 3 eps-figures include