Ameliorative Effects of Vitamin C and Methanolic Extract of Broccoli on Cyclophosphamide-induced Poisoning in Ovary of Rat

Abstract Introduction: Considering the importance of using herbal compounds to reduce the side effects of cyclophosphamide (CPH), the current study aimed to evaluate the effects of broccoli extract and Vitamin C on ovarian poisoning with CPH. Materials and methods: Four equal groups of 48 adult female Wistar rats were formed. The first group that was control received physiological saline orally without treatment. A 200 mg/kg dose of CPH was administered intraperitoneally to the second group. For the third group, CPH was supplemented with 300 mg/kg of Vitamin C, and methanol extract of broccoli 300 mg/kg was used in the fourth group. The serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and ovarian tissue glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), were measured. At the end of the study, the ovarian tissue was cut and stained for histopathological investigations. Results: Ovarian tissue GPx, CAT, and SOD values indicated a significant decrease in the CPH group compared to other groups. In the CPH plus broccoli group, there was a significant decrease in MDA ovarian tissue and IL-1 and TNF-α in serum, compared to the CPH group. There were significant negative changes in ovarian cells of the CPH group, compared to the control and other treatment groups. Conclusion: The current study suggested that administrating broccoli extract plus CPH could increase the superior antioxidant potential, compared to Vitamin C. This can potentially decrease CPH-induced damage to the ovary of rats, thereby improving their fertility status. https://jlar.rovedar.com/index.php/JLAR/article/view/2

Impact of Traffic Characteristics on Request Aggregation in an NDN Router

The paper revisits the performance evaluation of caching in a Named Data Networking (NDN) router where the content store (CS) is supplemented by a pending interest table (PIT). The PIT aggregates requests for a given content that arrive within the download delay and thus brings an additional reduction in upstream bandwidth usage beyond that due to CS hits. We extend prior work on caching with non-zero download delay (non-ZDD) by proposing a novel mathematical framework that is more easily applicable to general traffic models and by considering alternative cache insertion policies. Specifically we evaluate the use of an LRU filter to improve CS hit rate performance in this non-ZDD context. We also consider the impact of time locality in demand due to finite content lifetimes. The models are used to quantify the impact of the PIT on upstream bandwidth reduction, demonstrating notably that this is significant only for relatively small content catalogues or high average request rate per content. We further explore how the effectiveness of the filter with finite content lifetimes depends on catalogue size and traffic intensity

Determining the relationship between annual EPS and stock trading volume based on expectancy theory

To overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the efficient market theory, financial literacy needed approaches to be more consistent with the empirical evidences. Therefore, some activities called non-expecting utility theories “non-EU” were proposed and other models were also proposed in order to answer empirical evidences. One of the most important theories is the Expectancy Theory. In descriptive model of expectancy theory, investors maximize their value function. Schifrin and Stedman (1985) have changed the expectancy theory to a wider theoretical framework with investment approach, which is called disposition effect. Disposition effect states that investors sell shares in the position of profit sooner and keep shares in the position of loss for a long time. This study examines the explanation of annual EPS in stock trading volume based on disposition theory in Tehran Stock Exchange. To achieve this goal, two hypotheses were proposed: 1) there is a meaningful relationship between positive surprises of EPS and trading volume, 2) there is no meaningful relationship between negative surprise of EPS and trading volume. The results indicate that the relationship between annual EPS and stock trading volume is based on disposition theory. And according to the results of the research hypotheses, there is disposition effect in Iran

Determining the relationship between annual EPS and stock trading volume based on expectancy theory

To overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the efficient market theory, financial literacy needed approaches to be more consistent with the empirical evidences. Therefore, some activities called non-expecting utility theories “non-EU” were proposed and other models were also proposed in order to answer empirical evidences. One of the most important theories is the Expectancy Theory. In descriptive model of expectancy theory, investors maximize their value function. Schifrin and Stedman (1985) have changed the expectancy theory to a wider theoretical framework with investment approach, which is called disposition effect. Disposition effect states that investors sell shares in the position of profit sooner and keep shares in the position of loss for a long time. This study examines the explanation of annual EPS in stock trading volume based on disposition theory in Tehran Stock Exchange. To achieve this goal, two hypotheses were proposed: 1) there is a meaningful relationship between positive surprises of EPS and trading volume, 2) there is no meaningful relationship between negative surprise of EPS and trading volume. The results indicate that the relationship between annual EPS and stock trading volume is based on disposition theory. And according to the results of the research hypotheses, there is disposition effect in Iran

Autophagy knock down: as a booster for the replication of viruses in cell culture

Background: Autophagy suppression recently has been known to have a remarkable effect for cellular adjustment and viability in the final stages of cancer. On the other hand, autophagy has the potential effect in preventing many viruses from replication. Beclin1 is the most substantial constituent in autophagy apparatus regulation. This study was intended to investigate the beclin1 siRNA knockdown effect on the extent of activity of the oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) as a model in cell culture. Materials and Methods: In the current study, the cancer cell line , HeLa (cervical squamous cancer cell line ) was infected by VSV, followed by beclin1 siRNA vector transfection. The potential change in the expressions of gene beclin1 in transfected cells, as well as untransfected ones were examined by real time PCR, and also the titer of viruses was compared in cells with and without transfection.Results: The results revealed that the amount of putative gene beclin1 expression in HeLa cells decreased greatly due to siRNA suppressive impact, and also the sensitivity of the cells to VSV oncolytic effect increased upon decrease in beclin1gene expression.Conclusion: It seems that autophagy suppression by using siRNA with VSV is a substantial aid for increase in virus titer in cancer cell lines

The Effect of Teaching Music on Active Memory of Educable Mentally-Retarded Children

The present study was conducted with the purpose of considering the effectiveness of teaching music on active memory of educable mentally retarded children. For this purpose, a group of 20 mentally retarded students were randomly selected and then the subjects were randomly divided into one experimental group and one control group. Pretest was conducted on both groups and then the test group was taught music for 18 sessions, 60 minutes each (3 sessions a week). The tools used in this study include three subscales of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV), which measure working memory and include letter-number sequencing, digit span and arithmetic. To test the hypotheses, first, descriptive statistics indicators related to pretest and posttest scores were used in data description section, and then, using ANCOVA and proper statistical calculations with SPSS software package, data were analyzed. Results showed that teaching music led to an  improvement in working memory performance in working memory subscales, with the most effect being on letter-sequencing and the least effect on digit span subscale (P<0.01). Therefore, that the results indicated that teaching music led to improved working memory performance in educable mentally retarded children

ARA lncRNA, is upregulated in liver and breast tumor tissues

Important regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently found, and reported as useful biomarkers in cancer. To identify a potential expression of the new discovered lncRNA (ARA), during promotes cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibit, migration and cell cycle arrest, we firstly evaluate its expression in two cancer tissues (breast cancer and liver cancer) and then compared its variability expression in tumor versus non-tumor samples. Expression profile of ARA lncRNA was evaluated using qRT-PCR in paired tumor and marginal non-tumor samples collected from patients who had been referred to the Shiraz General. After RNA extraction from tissue samples, cDNA synthesis and RT-qPCR method were performed according to the protocols. ARA lncRNA expression level was calculated using 2-ΔΔCt method. Principal-component analysis followed by receiver operating characteristic curve analyses was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of selected lncRNA. Our data revealed a significant upregulation (P < 0.001) of ARA in breast and liver tumor tissues, in comparison to same patients non-tumor marginal samples. Also, there was a significant difference between the expression of ARA lncRNA in breast cancer and liver cancer patients (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of our study suggest a possible role of ARA lncRNA in proliferation of breast and liver tissues, as well as its potential usefulness as a novel diagnostic biomarker for breast and liver tumor

Clinical Breast Cancer Registry of IR. Iran (CBCR-IR):Study Protocol and First Results

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC), as a significant global health problem, is the most common cancer in women. Despite the importance of clinical cancer registries in improving the quality of cancer care and cancer research, there are few reports on them from low- and middle-income countries. We established a multicenter clinical breast cancer registry in Iran (CBCR-IR) to collect data on BC cases, the pattern of care, and the quality-of-care indicators in different hospitals across the country.METHODS: We established a clinical cancer registry in 12 provinces of Iran. We defined the organizational structure, developed minimal data sets and data dictionaries, verified data sources and registration processes, and developed the necessary registry software. During this registry, we studied the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with cancer who were admitted from 2014 onwards.RESULTS: We registered 13086 BC cases (7874 eligible cases) between 1.1.2014 and 1.1.2022. Core needle biopsy from the tumor (61.25%) and diagnostic mammography (68.78%) were the two most commonly used diagnostic methods. Stage distribution was 2.03% carcinoma in situ, 12% stage I, 44.65% stage II, 21.32% stage III, and 4.61% stage IV; stage information was missing in 1532 patients (19.46%). Surgery (95.01%) and chemotherapy (79.65%) were the most common treatments for all patients.CONCLUSION: The information provided by this registry can be used to evaluate and improve the quality of care for BC patients. It will be scaled up to the national level as an important resource for measuring quality of care and conducting clinical cancer research in Iran.</p