Can Ethical Leaders Enhance Knowledge Sharing? The Role of Psychological Capital and Anticipated Reciprocal Relationships

The aim of the paper is to empirically investigate the influence of ethical leadership and psychological capital on knowledge sharing in business organizations. Furthermore, the paper investigates the mediating role of psychological capital and moderating role of anticipated reciprocal relationships in the relationship of ethical leadership with knowledge sharing. The analysis has been conducted on data gathered from 248 members of information technology (IT) companies by making use of survey questionnaire. Hypotheses are tested by analysing the data using structural equation modelling (SEM) and PROCESS macro. The study found that ethical leadership and psychological capital have positive effect on knowledge sharing. Ethical leadership also impacts psychological capital positively. Further, psychological capital acts as a mediator and anticipated reciprocal relationships act as moderator in the relationship of ethical leadership and knowledge sharing. This study establishes new antecedents of knowledge sharing, emphasizes the importance of ethical aspects of leadership in managing knowledge resources and enrich literature of Knowledge Management (KM), leadership, positive organizational behavior and human resources management. It further gives new perspectives to practitioners by recognizing the significance of ethical leadership, psychological capital and anticipated reciprocal relationships to enhance knowledge sharing. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is one of few initial studies to examine the linkages between ethical leadership, knowledge sharing and psychological capital as well as the role of anticipated reciprocal relationships therein

Design and Selection Criteria of Main Parachute for Re entry Space Payload

Parachutes are used as a decelerator in the re-entry, descent, and landing of space recovery payloads, providingstability and desired descent rate for a safe landing. The selection of the main parachute is the most critical andimportant part of the space module recovery system. Parachute size is restricted by the required landing speed,materials, and weight of the payload. Parachute materials are selected based on the various forces experienced bythe parachute. An investigation has been carried out to design a parachute system which gives less impact velocity, less angle of oscillation and less impact load for the landing of a crew module. Therefore, in this paper, selection criteria for the main parachute have been discussed considering recovery of re-entry space payload of 500 kg (unmanned) and 3500 kg (manned) class. Based on analysis carried out on the parachute size, canopy filling time, velocity reduction, peak deceleration, and opening shock, authors have proposed a unique type of solid canopy with slots (slots of the minimum area equivalent to geometry porosity) for the main parachute rather than a complex ringsail or disk-band type canopy. With this new concept, the parachute has been designed, developed and qualified through testing, trials and maiden flight of space capsule in LEO and is propose to use in the next manned space mission program

Design and Performance Analysis of a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication at 2.4 GHz

This paper presents the design of a rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) intended for operation at 2.4 GHz frequency, predominantly used in wireless communication. The proposed MPA, designed on an FR4-Epoxy substrate using a microstrip line feeding approach, was simulated using the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The primary metrics evaluated included return loss, gain, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), and half-power beamwidth. The findings revealed an impressive return loss of -25dB and a moderate gain of 1.48 dB at the target frequency. The VSWR value was approximately 1, indicating efficient power transmission with minimal reflections. Furthermore, the antenna exhibited a broad half-power beamwidth of 79 degrees, suggesting its potential for applications requiring extensive signal coverage. This research provides insights into MPA design principles and serves as a foundation for future advancements in wireless communication antenna systems

Fixed Point Results In Fuzzy Menger Space With Rational Expression

This paper presents some common fixed point theorems for occasionally weakly compatible mappings with rational expression in Fuzzy menger metric spaces. Keywords: Occasionally weakly compatible mappings, Fuzzy menger metric space,Weak compatible mapping, Semi-compatible mapping, Implicit function, common fixed point. Subject Classification: AMS (2000) 47H2

Acute kidney injury in asphyxiated neonates and its correlation to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy staging

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common consequence of perinatal asphyxia, occurring in up to 56% of theseneonates. It is important to recognize AKI in asphyxiated neonates to facilitate administration of appropriate fluids and electrolytesto improve their outcome. Objectives: To determine the incidence of AKI in asphyxiated neonates and its correlation with severityof hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: 135 term neonates were enrolled - 90 asphyxiated and 45 healthy neonates.AKI was diagnosed when serum creatinine was >1.5 mg/dl regardless of the rate of urine output (UOP). Neonates with AKI weremanaged as per standard protocol. Results: Of the 90 asphyxiated neonates, 68 (75.6%) had AKI including 58 (85.3%) neonateswith pre-renal AKI and 10 (14.7%) with intrinsic AKI. Out of the 68 AKI, 22 (32.36%) had oliguric AKI and 46 (67.64%) hadnon-oliguric AKI. Levels of blood urea and serum creatinine were significantly higher in asphyxiated neonates as compared tohealthy controls (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in UOP in control and study groups. Sonographic abnormalitieswere seen mostly in oliguric babies and indicated bad prognosis. Mortality was higher in babies with oliguric AKI. Conclusions:Perinatal asphyxia is an important cause of neonatal AKI. The majority had non-oliguric AKI and responded well to fluidchallenge. Abnormalities in the renal function correlate well with the severity of HIE. Intrinsic AKI, oliguria, hyponatremia,reduced creatinine clearance, and abnormal sonographic scan suggest bad prognosis in neonatal AKI secondary to perinatalasphyxia

Nomographs for Polymeric Material Selection for Environmental Conscious Design of Industrial Products

Environmentally-conscious product design using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) deserves the utmost attention to save and sustain our planet’s lives, flora and fauna. The choice of materials during the design stage needs to address environmental concerns from their sourcing to production and ultimately going up to the disposal stage. A good majority of industrial products are still not designed, focusing the environmental concerns. The inclusion and practice of the LCA approach during product designing are in a nascent stage not only in India but even over the rest of the world. Nowadays, polymers share a major chunk of the volume of goods produced worldwide and thus have a significant effect on the environment. The available design books or nomographs guide the selection of materials considering several criteria but not considering the related environmental issues. This paper attempts to bridge this gap only for the selection of polymeric materials by providing some easily interpretable and visually ready reckoners in the form of 3-D nomographs. These 3-D nomographs, graphical representations developed using the Solidworks software, echo the material’s Environmental Impact (EI) potential on an axis with some two material properties (e.g., tensile strength and density) on the other two axes. 3-D nomographs are suitably transformed into 2-D nomographs without the loss of any information. EIs on these nomographs were computed using SimaPro software. The potential EI of any product and the overall environmental burden due to them can be significantly reduced, and more so when they are mass-produced, by selecting the right materials using these nomographs. Such an approach will help in fulfilling long-term sustainable development goals of society and the globe

Studies on plant regeneration and transformation efficiency of Agrobacterium mediated transformation using neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) and glucuronidase (GUS) as a reporter gene

Plant transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a soil plant pathogenic bacterium, is the most used method for the introduction of foreign genes into plant cells and the subsequent regeneration of transgenic plants. We have standardized the tissue culture media for the regeneration and transformation with the vector LBA 4404 (pCAMBIA 2301), so that in future, this system may be exploited for the expression of antibody fragment (single chain variable fragment) in plants (plantibody). The transformed green shoots tested positive for neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) gene and glucuronidase (GUS) were screened, rooted on MS medium and subsequently hardened to harvest seeds. The transformation frequency of Agrobacterium (LBA 4404) with the binary vector pCAMBIA 2301 on the basis of GUS resistance was found to be 2.9%.Key words: Agrobacterium, transformation, Nicotiana tabacum, tobacco, transformation frequency

Life Cycle Assessment Based Analysis of Water Bottle Designs for Defence Application

This paper presents the successful implementation of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach for the sustainable development of a defence product.  Alternative designs of this product are evaluated from the environmental burden perspective.  The products considered are water bottles used by the armed forces in places like the Siachen glacier, where the environmental factors are of great concern.  From the environmental degradation perspective, the suitability of three existing bottle types has been analysed using LCA and Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) approaches on SimaPro software for each of its components and the bottle as a whole.  Using this software, uncertainty analysis has also been carried out by conducting a Monte Carlo simulation for a reasonable confidence level.  The latest design was found to have the least environmental burden, being 82.62% less compared to the first design.  To augment the environmental performance further, the best design was again reviewed by carrying out component level analysis to identify feasible alternative materials that would be functionally equivalent but with lower environmental impact.  It suggested switching to lower impact material for the cap and cap cover for the proposed design.  With the adoption of the changed material, the environmental performance improved by 10.61 % as compared to the best design and 84.46 % compared to the earliest design.&nbsp

Forebody Wake Effects on Parachute Performance for Re entry Space Application

Forebody generates its own wake that influences the performance of aerodynamic decelerators during the flights. Many parachute Jumpers have experienced the failure of an ejected pilot chute as the parachute canopy collapsed and fell back on the Jumper because of wake developed behind the Jumper. In the available literature, limited data is available to predict the exact loss of parachute drag in presence of the forebody (FB). The purpose of this paper is to generate a comprehensive aerodynamic data to study the behaviour of FB-parachute dynamics by conducting the wind tunnel experiments. Wind tunnel test has been carried out to establish the initial design parameters of aerodynamic parachute. The experiment was carried out on a scale down model of 20 degree conical ribbon drogue parachute and FB with and without each of them at a subsonic speed for studying dynamic stability characteristic for different orientation of FB. The test results indicate that to ensure adequate stability for the capsule to descend vertically at a low subsonic speed, a cluster of two drogue parachutes be used. Under such condition, the overall drag coefficient found to be above 0.50 providing not only a safe descends velocity but increasing reliability of mission as well

Effect of Psychoneurobics (Meditation Technique) on Status of Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: Anxiety is a normal adaptive reaction to stress. Preoperative anxiety around cataract surgery affects a large proportion of patients, despite advances in technique and anesthesia administration. Thus, cancellation of cataract surgery due to anxiety is a challenge in the preoperative care of patients. Psychoneurobics is a meditation technique through complete involvement of mind, body and soul in which cosmic energy is inhaled through the power of mind and then transferred to the body’s neuro system. So the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of psychoneurobics on anxiety level of patients undergoing cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized control study was carried out in a private eye hospital. One hundred patients undergoing cataract surgery were enrolled and randomized into two groups, namely, experimental group (receiving psychoneurobics and counseling both, n=50) and control group (receiving counseling only, n=50). Anxiety was measured using Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) preoperatively before and after the psychoneurobics and counseling. Result: In the study, during first assessment, done before psychoneurobics/counseling, anxiety level of experimental group was found higher than the control group. However, in second assessment (after intervention), experiment group receiving psychoneurobics showed a higher decrease in anxiety (APAIS score) than control group. This finding was statistically significant (7.74±2.15 vs. 12.2±2.64, p<0.001). Conclusion: Psychoneurobics, the mind-body intervention, was found to be effective in reducing the anxiety of patients undergoing cataract surgery. Clinical Trial Registration: CTRI/2018/04/01299