DISTRIBUTION AND DETERMINANTS OF SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE AMONG HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS

Background: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes of health care providers towards physical activity and healthy eating by measuring leisure-time physical activity and food intake patterns. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 211 participants using Modifiable Activity Questionnaire and Food Frequency questionnaires at the Jinnah Medical and Dental College (JMDC) and Aga Khan University Medical College (AKUMC). The targeted population was students from year 1 to 5 of MBBS, faculty & staff of medical college. Body composition analysis and questions assessing personal perception of healthy diet and lifestyle were performed. Results: Out of the 211 participants in this study, 55.18% spent time sitting at job for 6 or more hours, 33.2% spent at least 2-3 hours on screen time. Only 42.7% individuals exercised for less than 15 minutes in a week. The most consumed food groups in the participants were bread/roti (46.9%) followed by and hot beverages (51.7%). Seventy-one percent regarded their dietary habits as moderately healthy and reported that lack of leisure time (65.9%) and work/family commitment (38.4%) were the major restraints for being physically active. Conclusion: Health professionals followed sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary patterns. The major limitation identified was being lack of time and willingness

Role of an Optimal Multiagent Scheduling in Different Applications Using ML

Scheduling is regarded as one of the vital decision-making processes used frequently in many real-time cases. It manages everything from resource allocation to the task completion, with the goal to optimize the desired objectives. Subject to the problem, the resources, tasks, and goals can differ. The aim is to design a corporative multiagent system for optimal scheduling. Many of the scheduling available algorithms calculate optimality based on different perspectives. The proposal is to create the dataset using multiple algorithms with different performance metrics to find an optimal one. This data can be imported into machine learning tools for training and predicting, based on the selected performance metrics. The algorithm considered in the empirical analysis includes first come first serve, Round robin, and Ant colony approach. The major finding shows that scheduling using Ant colony is an optimal algorithm, which is based on speed and velocity. The future extension would be to check the correctness of optimality using machine learning tools

Genome Wide Identification, Characterization and Evolutionary Analysis of T6SS in Burkholderia cenocepacia Strains

Pathogens of the Burkholderia genus are causing diseases in a diverse variety of hosts. After the discovery of T6SS, it was found to play a pivotal role in virulence and other pathogenicity factors in different pathogenic Burkholderia species. For this study, three strains of Burkholderia cenocepacia were selected from different ecological niches; J2315 from humans, MC0-3 from the rhizosphere of maize, and YG-3 from the Populus tree. The sequenced genomes were retrieved from PATRIC. It was found that B. cenocepacia J2315 and MC0-3 strains had only 1 cluster of T6SS in their genomes while the YG-3 strain had 3 clusters. The circular genomic map and phylogenetic tree suggested major differences in T6SS clusters 2 and 3 of the YG-3 strain from other clusters. From the results obtained in the study and reviewing the literature, it was concluded that all 3 strains harbor T6SS-1 type cluster that is involved in causing virulence in eukaryotic organisms and several bacterial species. This factor of causing virulence in the bacteria species might be helpful for B. cenocepacia strains J2315, MC0-3 and YG-3 in survival and niche adaptation

Increased Expression and Altered Cellular Localization of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-Like 1 (FGFRL1) Are Associated with Prostate Cancer Progression

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) 1–4 are involved in prostate cancer (PCa) regulation, but the role of FGFR-like 1 (FGFRL1) in PCa is unclear. FGFRL1 expression was studied by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry of patient tissue microarrays (TMAs) and correlated with clinical patient data. The effects of FGFRL1 knockdown (KD) in PC3M were studied in in vitro culture models and in mouse xenograft tumors. Our results showed that FGFRL1 was significantly upregulated in PCa. The level of membranous FGFRL1 was negatively associated with high Gleason scores (GSs) and Ki67, while increased cytoplasmic and nuclear FGFRL1 showed a positive correlation. Cox regression analysis indicated that nuclear FGFRL1 was an independent prognostic marker for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Functional studies indicated that FGFRL1-KD in PC3M cells increases FGFR signaling, whereas FGFRL1 overexpression attenuates it, supporting decoy receptor actions of membrane-localized FGFRL1. In accordance with clinical data, FGFRL1-KD markedly suppressed PC3M xenograft growth. Transcriptomics of FGFRL1-KD cells and xenografts revealed major changes in genes regulating differentiation, ECM turnover, and tumor–stromal interactions associated with decreased growth in FGFRL1-KD xenografts. Our results suggest that FGFRL1 upregulation and altered cellular compartmentalization contribute to PCa progression. The nuclear FGFRL1 could serve as a prognostic marker for PCa patients

Increased Expression and Altered Cellular Localization of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-Like 1 (FGFRL1) Are Associated with Prostate Cancer Progression

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) 1–4 are involved in prostate cancer (PCa) regulation, but the role of FGFR-like 1 (FGFRL1) in PCa is unclear. FGFRL1 expression was studied by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry of patient tissue microarrays (TMAs) and correlated with clinical patient data. The effects of FGFRL1 knockdown (KD) in PC3M were studied in in vitro culture models and in mouse xenograft tumors. Our results showed that FGFRL1 was significantly upregulated in PCa. The level of membranous FGFRL1 was negatively associated with high Gleason scores (GSs) and Ki67, while increased cytoplasmic and nuclear FGFRL1 showed a positive correlation. Cox regression analysis indicated that nuclear FGFRL1 was an independent prognostic marker for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Functional studies indicated that FGFRL1-KD in PC3M cells increases FGFR signaling, whereas FGFRL1 overexpression attenuates it, supporting decoy receptor actions of membrane-localized FGFRL1. In accordance with clinical data, FGFRL1-KD markedly suppressed PC3M xenograft growth. Transcriptomics of FGFRL1-KD cells and xenografts revealed major changes in genes regulating differentiation, ECM turnover, and tumor–stromal interactions associated with decreased growth in FGFRL1-KD xenografts. Our results suggest that FGFRL1 upregulation and altered cellular compartmentalization contribute to PCa progression. The nuclear FGFRL1 could serve as a prognostic marker for PCa patients

Increased Expression and Altered Cellular Localization of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-Like 1 (FGFRL1) Are Associated with Prostate Cancer Progression

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) 1-4 are involved in prostate cancer (PCa) regulation, but the role of FGFR-like 1 (FGFRL1) in PCa is unclear. FGFRL1 expression was studied by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry of patient tissue microarrays (TMAs) and correlated with clinical patient data. The effects of FGFRL1 knockdown (KD) in PC3M were studied in in vitro culture models and in mouse xenograft tumors. Our results showed that FGFRL1 was significantly upregulated in PCa. The level of membranous FGFRL1 was negatively associated with high Gleason scores (GSs) and Ki67, while increased cytoplasmic and nuclear FGFRL1 showed a positive correlation. Cox regression analysis indicated that nuclear FGFRL1 was an independent prognostic marker for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Functional studies indicated that FGFRL1-KD in PC3M cells increases FGFR signaling, whereas FGFRL1 overexpression attenuates it, supporting decoy receptor actions of membrane-localized FGFRL1. In accordance with clinical data, FGFRL1-KD markedly suppressed PC3M xenograft growth. Transcriptomics of FGFRL1-KD cells and xenografts revealed major changes in genes regulating differentiation, ECM turnover, and tumor-stromal interactions associated with decreased growth in FGFRL1-KD xenografts. Our results suggest that FGFRL1 upregulation and altered cellular compartmentalization contribute to PCa progression. The nuclear FGFRL1 could serve as a prognostic marker for PCa patients

Effect of early tranexamic acid administration on mortality, hysterectomy, and other morbidities in women with post-partum haemorrhage (WOMAN): an international, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Post-partum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Early administration of tranexamic acid reduces deaths due to bleeding in trauma patients. We aimed to assess the effects of early administration of tranexamic acid on death, hysterectomy, and other relevant outcomes in women with post-partum haemorrhage. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited women aged 16 years and older with a clinical diagnosis of post-partum haemorrhage after a vaginal birth or caesarean section from 193 hospitals in 21 countries. We randomly assigned women to receive either 1 g intravenous tranexamic acid or matching placebo in addition to usual care. If bleeding continued after 30 min, or stopped and restarted within 24 h of the first dose, a second dose of 1 g of tranexamic acid or placebo could be given. Patients were assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight numbered packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Participants, care givers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. We originally planned to enrol 15 000 women with a composite primary endpoint of death from all-causes or hysterectomy within 42 days of giving birth. However, during the trial it became apparent that the decision to conduct a hysterectomy was often made at the same time as randomisation. Although tranexamic acid could influence the risk of death in these cases, it could not affect the risk of hysterectomy. We therefore increased the sample size from 15 000 to 20 000 women in order to estimate the effect of tranexamic acid on the risk of death from post-partum haemorrhage. All analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This trial is registered with ISRCTN76912190 (Dec 8, 2008); ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00872469; and PACTR201007000192283. Findings Between March, 2010, and April, 2016, 20 060 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive tranexamic acid (n=10 051) or placebo (n=10 009), of whom 10 036 and 9985, respectively, were included in the analysis. Death due to bleeding was significantly reduced in women given tranexamic acid (155 [1·5%] of 10 036 patients vs 191 [1·9%] of 9985 in the placebo group, risk ratio [RR] 0·81, 95% CI 0·65–1·00; p=0·045), especially in women given treatment within 3 h of giving birth (89 [1·2%] in the tranexamic acid group vs 127 [1·7%] in the placebo group, RR 0·69, 95% CI 0·52–0·91; p=0·008). All other causes of death did not differ significantly by group. Hysterectomy was not reduced with tranexamic acid (358 [3·6%] patients in the tranexamic acid group vs 351 [3·5%] in the placebo group, RR 1·02, 95% CI 0·88–1·07; p=0·84). The composite primary endpoint of death from all causes or hysterectomy was not reduced with tranexamic acid (534 [5·3%] deaths or hysterectomies in the tranexamic acid group vs 546 [5·5%] in the placebo group, RR 0·97, 95% CI 0·87-1·09; p=0·65). Adverse events (including thromboembolic events) did not differ significantly in the tranexamic acid versus placebo group. Interpretation Tranexamic acid reduces death due to bleeding in women with post-partum haemorrhage with no adverse effects. When used as a treatment for postpartum haemorrhage, tranexamic acid should be given as soon as possible after bleeding onset. Funding London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Pfizer, UK Department of Health, Wellcome Trust, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Effect of Online Parent Brand Dimension on Online Trust, Satisfaction and Loyalty: In Context of Newspaper Industry

The shift towards technological era has caused services to adopt technology to increase customer satisfaction. Although much work has been done on offline brand dimension of newspapers and its effect towards website satisfaction, website trust and website loyalty; this paper focuses on how offline brand dimension of newspaper effects website satisfaction, website trust and website loyalty in Pakistani context. The mediating effect of Offline Brand Dimension of newspaper on Website Trust and Website Satisfaction has also been studied in this paper. Offline Brand Dimensions has been studied as a result of four factors which include: Brand Trust, Brand Satisfaction, Attitudinal Brand Loyalty and Behavioral Brand Loyalty. SPSS 21 and AMOS 21 have been used for data analysis. Exploratory Factor analysis through SPSS 21 and Confirmatory factor analysis through AMOS 21 has been conducted. To study the hypothesis path analysis has been carried out and mediation analysis has also been done to study the mediating effect. Survey research has been carried out through questionnaire. Sample size included 321 respondents. The respondents included those people who use online newspaper. The result indicates that Offline Brand Dimensions have a significant and positive impact on Website Trust and Website Satisfaction but has an insignificant impact on Website Loyalty; whereas Website Loyalty is the result of Website Satisfaction and Website Trust. There also exists full mediation of Offline Brand Dimensions on Website Trust and Website Satisfaction. This research will help to devise strategies for increasing readers’ loyalty and satisfaction

Distribution and determinants of sedentary lifestyle among health care professionals

Background: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes of health care providers towards physical activity and healthy eating by measuring leisure-time physical activity and food intake patterns.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 211 participants using Modifiable Activity Questionnaire and Food Frequency questionnaires at the Jinnah Medical and Dental College (JMDC) and Aga Khan University Medical College (AKUMC). The targeted population was students from year 1 to 5 of MBBS, faculty & staff of medical college. Body composition analysis and questions assessing personal perception of healthy diet and lifestyle were performed.Results: Out of the 211 participants in this study, 55.18% spent time sitting at job for 6 or more hours, 33.2% spent at least 2-3 hours on screen time. Only 42.7% individuals exercised for less than 15 minutes in a week. The most consumed food groups in the participants were bread/roti (46.9%) followed by and hot beverages (51.7%). Seventy-one percent regarded their dietary habits as moderately healthy and reported that lack of leisure time (65.9%) and work/family commitment (38.4%) were the major restraints for being physically active.Conclusion: Health professionals followed sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary patterns. The major limitation identified was being lack of time and willingness