COCONUT MILK MODULATE THE ANTIGENICITY OF ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN IN BALB/C MICE

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the biochemical characteristics of coconut milk and its antigenic effect on the Balb/c mice immunized with α-lactalbumin protein, as well as its consequences on the structure of the intestinal epithelium.Methods: To achieve the objective of the study, an electrophoresis was realised on a polyacrylamide gel to determine various proteins contained in coconut milk. In addition, Lowry's method was used to determine the amount of proteins in the formula. The antigenicity of coconut milk in sera was also studied using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. For the histological study, 21 w-old mice Balb/c were used and distributed in three groups of 7 mice each. Group 1, received a standard feed with no treatment (Negative control), group 2 and 3 received respectively a standard feed (Positive control) and coconut milk for a period of 28 d after being immunized with α- lactalbumin.Results: Analysis of the data revealed that the rate of proteins of cow's milk is higher than that of the coconut milk ( p0.01). However, after carrying out the electrophoresis analysis, the coconut milk showed the absence of intact proteins. The anti α-Lactalbumin IgG titers significantly increased in positive control groups that received coconut milk (p<0.0001). Moreover, there was an increase of the intestinal villi height of mice fed with coconut milk, in the structure level of their intestinal epithelium compared to the negative control group.Conclusion: The findings of the study provide the evidence that coconut milk is a possible alternative to the cow's milk formula in case of allergy

EFFECT OF HYDROLYZED RICE FORMULA ON INTESTINAL STRUCTURE OF BALB/C MICE IMMUNIZED WITH COW'S MILK PROTEINS

Objective: In the last few years a new preparation with hydrolyzed rice proteins was introduced and marketed as auseful alternative in the cases of cow's milk allergy.The objective of our work is to study the consequences of hydrolyzed rice formula on the structure ofthe intestinal epithelium.Methods: For the histological study, we have used 4 weeks old 60 female mice Balb/c, weighting (19.50 ± 0.25) gand distributed as follow:Group 1A: 10 mice receiving hydrolyzed rice formulafor a period of 28 days after being immunized withnative ß-Lg.Group 1B: 10 mice continue receiving a standard feed for a period of 28 days after being immunized with native ß-Lg (Positive control).Group 2C: 10 mice receiving hydrolyzed rice formulafor a period of 28 days after being immunized withα-La protein.Group 2D: 10 mice continue receiving a standard feed for a period of 28 days after being immunized with α-La protein (Positive control).Group 3: 20 mice receiving just a standard feed with no treatment (Negative control).Results: The weight growth of all the experimental groups increases gradually with time, but the consumption ofthe hydrolyzed rice proteinscauses a decrease of the degree of evolution of thephysical weight to mice fed with this infantile formula compared with control groups. It alsocauses an increase of the intestinal villi height at the structure level of the intestinal mucous membrane of mice fed with hydrolyzed rice proteinscompared to the positive control groups. The lymphocytic infiltration of mice fed with hydrolyzed riceproteins is similar to the one in negativecontrol group.Conclusion: The preliminary results show that the hydrolyzed rice formula is a possible alternative to the cow’s milk formula in case of allergy. Further studies are needed to prove its nutritionalefficacy

ANTIGENICITY OF HYDROLYZED RICE FORMULA IN ANIMAL MODEL (BALB/C MICE)

Objective: The hydrolyzed formulas of bovine proteins used in the cow's milk allergy treatment contain peptides which can preserve their allergenicity. These last years, a new preparation with hydrolyzed rice proteins was marketed and could establish a useful alternative in the cases of cow's milk allergy. The objective of our work is to study the biochemical characteristics of an infantile formula based on hydrolyzed rice and its antigenic effect on the Balb/c mice immunized with α-La protein. Methods: In our work, we have realized an electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel to determine various proteins which compose this infantile formula. Lowry's method is used to determine the amount of proteins in the formula. Our work has also allowed us to study the antigenicity of the hydrolyzed rice formula using ELISA method by the use of Balb/c mice serum. Results: Our results have shown that The electrophoresis analysis of the hydrolyzed rice formula has shown the absence of protein bands and consequently the lack of intact proteins in the formula. The protein content of the hydrolyzed rice formula is close to the breast milk protein concentration which is adapted to the needs of the infant. The hydrolyzed rice formula reacts very weakly with the anti α±-La IgG. Conclusion: The commercial hydrolyzed rice formula can be adapted to cover the needs of the infant. This infantile formula was treated by technological methods to reduce the antigenic potential to prevent Allergy

Effect of a hyper-protein diet on Wistar rats development and intestinal function

This study was designed to investigate the long-term effects of a high-protein diet on the functional and histological structure of the intestinal epithelium. Sixteen adult male Wistar rats (180 ± 2.27 g) were divided into two groups: 1) the control group, (n = 30) were fed a normal diet of 14% protein; 2) the P50-group (n = 30) were fed a 50% protein diet. The effects of a high-protein diet were studied over a period of 2 months. Functional and morphological differences between the high-protein and control groups were compared. Internal organs (liver, stomach, lungs, heart, kidneys, spleen, intestine, skin, surrenal glands, white and brown adipose tissues) were removed from each sacrificed animal. The organs were weighed, and histological studies were performed on jejunal fragments. The weight of the P50 group rats increased 79%, while the weight of the control-group increased 98% (p< 0.01 0.05). The weight of the white adipose tissue, the skeleton and the skin were significantly greater in control-group rats (p< 0.01). An important modification of the epithelial structure in the intestine was observed in rats of the P50 group. The average length of their villi was significantly reduced and there was a significant increase in their IEL (p< 0.01). Our results indicate that ingestion of a protein-rich diet over a long period leads to modification of the histological structure of the intestinal epithelium, as indicated by; pronounced atrophy of mucosa; marked inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes in the chorion; and many intra-epithelial lymphocytes

Conséquences de l'adaptation à un régime hyperprotéique sur la structure de l'épithélium intestinal chez le rat Wistar

Dietary proteins are derived from animal and plant food stuff. The evaluation of the nutritional quality of dietary proteins of different sources consists of relating the characteristics of food intake and energy requirement of the organism. The recommendation by WHO/UNU is of 0.8g/kg/day of high quality protein for the adult man. This work aims to evaluate the consequences of a high-protein diet on the functional and morphological modification in the growing rat. In particular, we measure the effect of a 50% protein diet on body weight, weight of several organs and intestinal structure. For that purpose, 96 male wistar rats weighing between 175 and 185g (180±2,27g) are divided in 5 groups.The 1st group (n=30) receives an average-protein level diet (14%) and constitutes the control group. The 2nd group (n=12) receives an high-protein diet (50%) The 3rd group (n=12) receives a diet based on plant proteins (14.5%) the 4th group (n=12) receives a diet based on soya (50%) the 5th group (n=12) receives a diet based on gluten (50%).All diets are administered during a period of 60 days. Our results show that a high intake of dietary proteins results in significant body weight loss and causes modification of the histological structure of the intestinal epithelium, with an atrophy of the villaea accompanied with an important increase of intra-epithelial lymphocytes.2These modifications could be the consequence of toxic reactions induced by a chronic/regular exposure of the intestinal epithelium to high levels/quantities of proteins. We conclude that an over-consumption of proteins has consequences on the body composition and intestinal function. Therefore, the long-term use of high-protein diets in man should be monitored more closely.Les protéines alimentaires se trouvent principalement dans des aliments traditionnels d'origine animale et végétale. L'évaluation de la qualité nutritionnelle de différents sources de protéines alimentaires consiste à mettre en relation les caractéristiques de l'apport alimentaire et les caractéristiques de la demande métabolique concept relatif à l'état de l'individu. La recommandation de base WHO/UNU est de 0,8g /kg /j de protéine de bonne qualité pour l'homme adulte. L'objet de ce travail est d'évaluer les conséquences d'une adaptation à un régime hyperprotéique sur des modifications fonctionnelles et morphologique chez le rat en croissance. Plus particulièrement, on a analysé les effets d'un régime à 50% en protéines sur l'évolution du poids corporel, le poids de certains organes ainsi que sur la structure intestinale du rat. Dans ce but, 96 rats mâles de souche wistar pesant entre 175 et 185g (180±2,27g), sont répartis en 5 groupes : le 1er groupe (n=30) reçoit un régime normoprotéique à base de protéine totale de lait (14%) et constitue le groupe témoin, le 2ème groupe (n=30) reçoit un régime hyperprotéique (50%) à base de protéine totale de lait, le 3ème groupe (n=12) reçoit un régime normoprotéique (14,5%) à base de protéine végétale onab , le 4ème groupe (n=12) reçoit un régime hyperprotéique (50%) à base de protéine de soja, le 5ème groupe (n=12) reçoit un régime hyperprotéique (50%) à base de gluten. Tous ces régimes sont administrés pendant 60 jours, durée de l'expérimentation. Les résultats montrent qu'une surconsommation de protéines s'accompagne d'une diminution significative du poids corporel et d'une modification de la structure histologique de l'épithélium intestinal qui se traduit par une atrophie villositaire et par une augmentation des lymphocytes intra-épithéliaux. Ces modifications seraient la manifestation de phénomènes induits par l'exposition chronique de l'épithélium intestinal à des teneurs élevés en protéines. Nous avons conclu qu'une surconsommation de protéines n'est pas sans conséquence sur la composition corporelle et la fonction intestinale. Il convient donc d'observer une certaine prudence dans l'utilisation à long terme de formules diététiques enrichies en protéines chez l'homme

Conséquences de l'adaptation à un régile hyperprotéique sur la structure de l'épithelium intestinal chez le rat Wistar

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