Family Migration: A Vehicle of Child Morbidity in the Informal Settlements of Nairobi City, Kenya?

Parental migration is often found to be negatively correlated with child health in Africa, yet the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. The paper uses a dataset that provides information from the respondent parent on child morbidity both in the rural and urban settings. Households first endogenously determine whether they will gain from participating in migration and, if they do, whether they will leave the children behind or not. The final choice is made to ensure the optimal survival chances for the child. This paper contributes to understanding the health consequences of raising the children in the context of increasing urban poverty in Nairobi, Kenya. The findings indicate that households who migrated together with their children in the slums of Nairobi experience higher child morbidity (43 per cent have at least one sick child in the last one month) as compared to households who leave children in their upcountry homes (31 per cent of morbidity rate). Even though children of migrants are safer upcountry, not all households can afford this strategy. Households are able to choose this strategy only if they have a strong social support network in their origin community and/or they are big size households. This is an important finding in targeting the Millennium Development Goals.childhood morbidity, split migration, incidental truncation, informal settlements, Nairobi, Kenya

Household Migration Decisions as Survival Strategy: The Case of Burkina Faso

The paper examines the basic determinants behind the process of migration from Burkina Faso to Cote d’Ivoire. It uses a detailed household survey dataset on migration, natural resource management, risk management and solidarity collected in 2000 and 2002 in Northeastern Burkina Faso. In addition, two other village and institutional level surveys were conducted. The methodology emphasizes the link between economic theories and empirical evidence, using econometric tools that are robust to the selection bias. This enables to investigate the specificities of the seasonal migration and to estimate migration incomes. The structural model of migration decision revealed the importance of migration as a mere survival strategy in the study regions. Results showed that even under the pessimistic scenario where the direct benefits of the regional integration program would go exclusively to the leading economy, households in the Sahel may benefit from an increased economic attractiveness of this destination. Owing to the fact that the migration is seasonal, the increased migration will translate into higher liquidity that enables households to overcome credit and insurance market failures and invest in their main agro pastoral activities. Additionally, the role of the unsecured livestock activity acts as an impediment to migration of the pastoralist groups. The study recommended the development of policies that address security issues through well-functioning rural labor market institutions and enforceable rules regarding shepherd contracts. It is also important to enforce regional laws regarding the free movement of labor

Family migration: a vehicle of child morbidity in the informal settlements of Nairobi city, Kenya?

Parental migration is often found to be negatively correlated with child health in Africa, yet the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. The paper uses a dataset that provides information from the respondent parent on child morbidity both in the rural and urban settings. Households first endogenously determine whether they will gain from participating in migration and, if they do, whether they will leave the children behind or not. The final choice is made to ensure the optimal survival chances for the child. This paper contributes to understanding the health consequences of raising the children in the context of increasing urban poverty in Nairobi, Kenya. The findings indicate that households who migrated together with their children in the slums of Nairobi experience higher child morbidity (43 per cent have at least one sick child in the last one month) as compared to households who leave children in their upcountry homes (31 per cent of morbidity rate). Even though children of migrants are safer upcountry, not all households can afford this strategy. Households are able to choose this strategy only if they have a strong social support network in their origin community and/or they are big size households. This is an important finding in targeting the Millennium Development Goals.Childhood morbidity, Split migration, Incidental truncation, Informal settlements Nairobi, Kenya

D’un modèle prévisionnel à un modèle explicatif

Il arrive fréquemment que la Direction des connaissances stratégiques en tourisme de Tourisme Québec doive répondre à des demandes d’estimation et de prévisions concernant la performance touristique du Québec. Des modèles prévisionnels touristiques ont donc été élaborés pour être en mesure d’anticiper l’évolution du nombre de touristes provenant des principaux marchés et des dépenses qu’ils effectueront au Québec. Cet exercice de modélisation entrepris en 2005 est le résultat d’une fructueuse..

D’un modèle prévisionnel à un modèle explicatif

Il arrive fréquemment que la Direction des connaissances stratégiques en tourisme de Tourisme Québec doive répondre à des demandes d’estimation et de prévisions concernant la performance touristique du Québec. Des modèles prévisionnels touristiques ont donc été élaborés pour être en mesure d’anticiper l’évolution du nombre de touristes provenant des principaux marchés et des dépenses qu’ils effectueront au Québec. Cet exercice de modélisation entrepris en 2005 est le résultat d’une fructueuse..