Soluble Fermentable Dietary Fibre (Pectin) Decreases Caloric Intake, Adiposity and Lipidaemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Funding: This work was funded by the Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats

Acknowledgments We thank Donna Wallace and Animal House staff at the Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health for the daily care of experimental rats and for the body weight, food intake and MRI measurements.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The Most Beautiful Thing in the World : A Rhetorical Analysis of Relational Dialectics and Friendship in the Musical Kinky Boots

In this article, we examine Kinky Boots, a musical that won the Tony Award for Best Musical in 2013 and continues to win over audiences with its positive message about acceptance, as a rhetorical text through William K. Rawlins’ theoretical construct of relational dialectics regarding friendship. Through rhetorical criticism as a research method, we apply Rawlins’ concepts of political and personal friendships, as well as the dialectics of affection and instrumentality, expressiveness and protectiveness, judgment and acceptance, and the ideal and the real to examine notable relationships between characters in the musical. Specifically, we examine the relationships between Charlie and Nicola, Charlie and Lola, and Don and Lola. Through this analysis, we suggest that when participants in the musical’s relationships fail to negotiate dialectic tensions, their relationships can resultantly cease to exist. We also note that the balance of relational dialectics appears to be conducive to healthy relationships. We posit that Kinky Boots provides theatre-goers with life lessons regarding relational dialectics that they can apply to their own real-life relationships, and that Kinky Boots may serve as an effective teaching tool for undergraduate students learning about relational dialectics

Race and Racism in the Historical Imagination: Slavery and Civil Rights in Popular Culture

Because Hollywood films often lack black representation, films on slavery and civil rights often fail to recognize the roles that black Americans have played in their own emancipation from slavery and in the civil rights movement. Our contention is that historically inaccurate films perpetuate inaccurate understandings of Black history and thus inform contemporary race relations. We selected a more and a less accurate film about slavery and about the civil rights movement, discussing these four films in terms of their historical context. We also conducted an experiment. After watching one of the four movies, or after viewing no movie, participants answered questions about their perceptions of slavery or the civil rights movement. Our hypotheses were that films with inaccurate depictions of race would (1) encourage viewers to believe that white Americans were the primary actors in emancipation and civil rights, (2) promote the idea that white America has progressed beyond problems of racism, and (3) reinforce the postracial colorblind complex that views racism as a black American problem. Less-accurate movies resulted in less-accurate knowledge about these eras. More-accurate movies left viewers with a greater perception of black empowerment

THEMIS Observations of the Magnetopause Electron Diffusion Region: Large Amplitude Waves and Heated Electrons

We present the first observations of large amplitude waves in a well-defined electron diffusion region at the sub-solar magnetopause using data from one THEMIS satellite. These waves identified as whistler mode waves, electrostatic solitary waves, lower hybrid waves and electrostatic electron cyclotron waves, are observed in the same 12-sec waveform capture and in association with signatures of active magnetic reconnection. The large amplitude waves in the electron diffusion region are coincident with abrupt increases in electron parallel temperature suggesting strong wave heating. The whistler mode waves which are at the electron scale and enable us to probe electron dynamics in the diffusion region were analyzed in detail. The energetic electrons (~30 keV) within the electron diffusion region have anisotropic distributions with T_{e\perp}/T_{e\parallel}>1 that may provide the free energy for the whistler mode waves. The energetic anisotropic electrons may be produced during the reconnection process. The whistler mode waves propagate away from the center of the 'X-line' along magnetic field lines, suggesting that the electron diffusion region is a possible source region of the whistler mode waves

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Hoxb6: An Exploration into the Divergence of Genomic DNA Sequence and Gene Expression Across Teleost Fishes Post-Genome Duplication

Hoxb6 is an evolutionarily conserved developmental regulatory gene that functions, in part, to pattern several organs and organ systems within the embryonic trunk during vertebrate embryogenesis. The cis-regulatory circuitry mediating trunk expression in mouse (Mus musculus) may be conserved across gnathostome vertebrates, as several other species show similar trunk expression patterns, including chicken (Gallus gallus), dogfish shark (Scyliorhinus canicula), and several teleost fishes. A whole genome duplication event that occurred in the lineage leading to teleost fishes has generated at least two Hoxb6 genes, hoxb6a and b6b. Two teleost fishes of the superorder Acanthopterygii, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), exhibit divergent Hoxb6 expression patterns from those of non-teleost vertebrates. This includes an anterior expansion of expression for both hoxb6a and b6b into pharyngeal arch 7, the posterior-most pharyngeal arch that, along with the other posterior pharyngeal arches, gives rise to the pharyngeal jaw apparatus in teleost fishes. While these patterns of expression are observed for both duplicate Hoxb6 genes in Acanthopterygians, it is uncertain whether this pharyngeal arch expression is shared with other teleost taxa. Here we present the expression patterns of hoxb6a and b6b in zebrafish (Danio rerio), a member of the Ostariophysi superorder. We show that, unlike the strict orthologs from medaka and tilapia, zebrafish hoxb6a is expressed in pharyngeal arches 5-7, whereas hoxb6b is not expressed in any of the pharyngeal arches. Further, we show through comparative genomic DNA sequence analyses that, although all teleost-specific sequences exhibit moderate conservation with the region functionally tested in mouse, zebrafish hoxb6a and b6b exhibit little to no conservation in sequence with their strict orthologs of medaka or tilapia outside of this region. Our data suggest that divergence in the cis-regulatory circuitry post-genome duplication has generated divergent hoxb6a and b6b expression patterns among teleost fishes

Creating a social license to operate? : Exploring social perceptions of seaweed farming for biofuels in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Ireland

Funding Information: This work was funded by the Bryden Centre project, supported by the European Union 's INTERREG VA Programme, managed by the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB). The views and opinions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission or the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB). The project was conducted after ethical approval No OLETHSHE490 from the University of the Highlands and Islands. The authors would like to thank all the participants in this study. We would also like to thank Nuala Carr, Fatima Gianella and Ellie Ford for their help during the street data collection. A special thank you to Lola Paradinas who was involved in the pilot of the survey and joined the data collection in Northern Ireland and Scotland for several days. We would like to thank the reviewers for their pertinent comments that helped significantly improve this paper.Peer reviewe

Looking Behind Virtual Lenses: Field Experience, Modeling, Coaching, Partnerships, Supervision, and Feedback

Small special education programs (SSEPs) are composed of limited faculty tasked with educating interns dispersed across large geographical areas (Reid, 1994). These needs underscore a call for more flexible educational program options. Moreover, Kebritchi et al. (2017) found professors in higher education institutions sought a variety of instructional methods to critically respond to barriers experienced by SEPPs. The purpose of this article is to highlight virtual methods utilized by SSEPs for field experiences, modeling, coaching, feedback, supervision, and partnerships to leverage faculty expertise effectively and efficiently, to expand recruitment in programs, and to support teacher retention efforts. Using the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) and Collaboration for Effective Educator Development, Accountability, and Reform (CEEDAR) High Leverage Practices (HLPs) of Instruction, Collaboration, and Assessment (McLeskey et al., 2017), this article will look behind the virtual lens to uncover how SSEPs faculty can support interns using a developmental and scaffolded approach

Managing farmed landscapes for pollinating insects

Increasing floral resources and improving habitat conditions can benefit pollinating insect species, wildflowers and crop production