Dual band dipole antenna with harmonic suppression capability

Wireless communication system has become very popular, and has been developed rapidly over last one and a half decade. Wireless devices that operate in multiband frequencies, with smaller size, are now used by almost everyone. In this work, multiband dipole antenna with harmonic suppression capability has been designed. The dual-band dipole antenna has been vigorous, since it is simple, easy to be designed and fabricated. However, higher order modes (HOM) in these multiband antennas gives problems when designing such type of antennas. The proposed antenna consists of two designs; first design is building single parasitic element which generates 0.8 GHz, 2.4 GHz and 4 GHz; while the second design was realized by adding three parasitic elements on both sides of the two arms of the design with same frequencies of the first design which generates another frequency component of 5.1 GHz. They are named as MDA1PE and MDA3PE, respectively. The unwanted frequencies have been suppressed by adding the stub. The first design has successfully eliminated frequency component of 4 GHz , while the second design has suppressed frequencies of 4 GHz and 5.1 GHz. The suppression leads to elimination of possible noise interference through removing the unwanted frequencies. Hence, the final design is dual band (0.8 GHz and 2.4 GHz) dipole antenna which is free from noise interference. The proposed concept has been investigated through simulation in CST Microwave studio and actual experimental works. The simulation and experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed antenna. There have been matching agreements between both simulation and measurements results

The Usage of Analytical Procedures by Yemeni Auditors: A Descriptive Analysis

This study sets out to investigate the extent to which Yemeni auditors use analytical review procedures through different audit firms' size. It also examines the stage of auditing procedure in which analytical review procedures are implemented by Yemeni auditors. Moreover, the study determines the relationships between the importance's factors and the use of analytical review procedures. The findings of the study have indicated that the analytical procedures were utilized on high percentage by audits in large and high experienced audit firms compared to small and low experienced audit firms where the results have shown low percentage. Nevertheless, the role of auditors' perception towards analytical procedures has proved to have a significant effect of usage of analytical procedures

The development of dedicated CFD solver for aerodynamic analysis on internal and external flow

There are various engineering applications which required one has to solve an internal or an external flow problem. The design of flying vehicles such as aircraft, helicopter, missiles are examples which the ability to solve an external flow problem will determine the success in designing such flying vehicles. While for the case of flows pass through intake of the engine, compressor, turbine and nozzles, the ability to deal with internal flow problem is needed. Basically the external and internal flow problems are governed by the same equation, their difference may come from their difference in term of their boundary conditions. If both flow problems are under high Reynolds number condition and involves with the flow problems pass through a streamline body at relatively a low angle of attack, the viscous effects can be ignored. However if the flow is belong to class of a flow above a high subsonic flow, the suitable governing equation of fluid motion is a compressible Euler equations. Unfortunately, such a kind governing equation of fluid motion cannot be solved analytically; a numerical approach is required for solving it. The present work focuses on the use of two types of Finite Volume methods. The first Finite volume method is a Cell-Centered Finite volume Scheme, while the second one is the Roe’s Finite Volume Scheme. In parallel to the development of computer code based on finite volume schemes, the present works also carry out work on solving the governing equation of fluid motion by use of Finite Difference Approach. In this respect the present work focuses on the use of Steger Warming Scheme and MacCormack Scheme are applied to Nozzle flow problems. To implement the Finite volume method as well as the Finite difference method in relating to the case of internal and external flow problems, the present work applies a combination of Algebraic grid generation and Elliptic Grid. In vi addition to this, the developed computer codes are designed in such away to allow one solve the flow problem by use of structured grid or unstructured grid. To validate the developed computer codes, their results compare with the result for the flow problem which the experimental results are available such as for the case airfoil NACA 0012. While for other test cases such the flow past rotor blades is compared with the result provided from solving the flow problem by use of Fluent software. Through comparison result with the Fluent software as well as the available experimental results indicate that the developed computer code are in a good agreement

An Explanatory Sequential Study about Women\u27s Satisfaction Regarding the Quality of Performance in Nursing Intervention Rendered by Maternity Students

Background: nursing students in maternity care align with the broader goals of healthcare institutions to provide patient-centered and holistic care. Aim: To evaluate an Explanatory Sequential Study about Women\u27s Satisfaction Regarding the Quality of Performance in Nursing Intervention Rendered by Maternity Students.Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The sample included 100 maternity nursing students, and 250 laboring women data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, observational checklists, satisfaction questionnaires, and qualitative interviews. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and correlation analysis.Results: 78% of women expressed satisfaction with the overall quality of nursing care, with high satisfaction rates for communication (82%), interpersonal aspects (72%), and professional-clinical care (80%). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the quality of nursing care and women\u27s satisfaction (p<0.05). Qualitative findings highlighted positive experiences with clear communication, respect, and timely care provision. However, areas for improvement included neglect towards distressed women and refusal to provide care.Conclusion: The study revealed overall high satisfaction with the quality of nursing care provided by maternity nursing students, attributable to strong communication, interpersonal skills, and clinical competence. However, challenges related to compassionate care and responsiveness to emotional needs were identified, necessitating targeted interventions in nursing education and clinical practice

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Albumin Nano-Encapsulation of Piceatannol Enhances Its Anticancer Potential in Colon Cancer Via Downregulation of Nuclear p65 and HIF-1 alpha

Piceatannol (PIC) is known to have anticancer activity, which has been attributed to its ability to block the proliferation of cancer cells via suppression of the NF-kB signaling pathway. However, its effect on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is not well known in cancer. In this study, PIC was loaded into bovine serum albumin (BSA) by desolvation method as PIC-BSA nanoparticles (NPs). These PIC-BSA nanoparticles were assessed for in vitro cytotoxicity, migration, invasion, and colony formation studies and levels of p65 and HIF-1α. Our results indicate that PIC-BSA NPs were more effective in downregulating the expression of nuclear p65 and HIF-1α in colon cancer cells as compared to free PIC. We also observed a significant reduction in inflammation induced by chemical colitis in mice by PIC-BSA NPs. Furthermore, a significant reduction in tumor size and number of colon tumors was also observed in the murine model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer, when treated with PIC-BSA NPs as compared to free PIC. The overall results indicate that PIC, when formulated as PIC-BSA NPs, enhances its therpautice potential. Our work could prompt further research in using natural anticancer agents as nanoparticels with possiable human clinical trails. This could lead to the development of a new line of safe and effective therapeutics for cancer patients

Correction: Aljabali, A.A.A.; et al. Albumin Nano-Encapsulation of Piceatannol Enhances Its Anticancer Potential in Colon Cancer via down Regulation of Nuclear p65 and HIF-1α. Cancers 2020, 12, 113

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030