Visual Memory and relationship to the Intelligence of Working Memory among students with Learning Disabilities

This study aimed to identify (Visual Memory, VM) and its relationship to (Working Memory Intelligence, WMI) in students with (Learning Disabilities, LD). The descriptive correlative approach was used to achieve the study's objectives. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the study sample included (47) students, including (30) students with (LD) and (17) normal students, ranging in age from (7 to 13) years. The Wechsler-4 scale and the (VM) scale were also used. Indications of validity were got, as evidenced by content validity (80%), internal construct validity greater than 0.30, and concurrent validity for the construct validity of the (WMI) intelligence test for students with (LD) compared to normal students.   The correlation coefficients for the sub-tests (Straight, Inverse, Numbers Memory Test, and Sequence of numbers and letters test) with the total score of the (WMI) among (LD) students are (0.747, 0.851, 0.886, 0.829), respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which amounted to, was also used to determine the scale's reliability (0.888).     The study's findings revealed that the levels of (VM), shapes test, colors test, and numbers test were low. The level of memory intelligence for the memory of numbers intelligence test, as well as the straight and inverse tests, was low. While the test of the numerical and letter sequence was average. And that the (WMI) level of the (LD) students was average. The series of numbers and letters test is intermediate, and the memory of the numbers test is low. The results revealed a small difference between the students' average scores on the (VM) sub-tests and the total score. There was also a simple difference between the average student scores on the sub-digit memory tests and the total score. There were also differences in the average scores of students on the number and letter sequence tests, with the highest score being. There were also only minor differences in students' overall average scores on the (WMI). There is no connection between the (VM) intelligence test and (WMI).       The study recommends developing tools for measuring and diagnosing (VM) for students of (LD) and conducting studies related to the relationship between (VM) and achievement

Describing Hadith Narrators as "Devils" or "Jnn": Implications for Accrediting & Discrediting Narrators

The research aims to study the Hadith narrators whom critics described as devils or jinn. It inVol.ves the investigation of their status and the impact of the description on evaluating their credibility. It also inVol.ves the surveying of evidences and implications for accrediting and discrediting operations. It takes into consideration the text context and statements made by other critics about the narrator in question, and it adopts a critical inductive approach. The research identifies eighteen Hadith narrators described as “devils” or “jinn”. It shows that the two descriptions were used mostly by Iraqi critics and scholars, and their use was typical of the then Iraqi school of criticism. Apparently, when a narrator was proven free from “bid’ah” (invented non-Islamic act introduced into Islam,, the description “devil” was basically considered a sign of credibility and meticulousness, while the description “jinn” was considered absolutely credible. The research recommends that special attention be given to the study and explanation of the terms used by critics, particularly terms with double meanings; some terms may suggest at the surface to be accrediting the narrator, but in fact it means the opposite

Hepatic Injury in COVID-19 Patients

لقد أثبتت الدراسات العملية بالفعل أن الفحوصات المخبرية للكبد مفيدة للغاية في تقييم وعلاج مرضى القصور الكبدي. لقد وجد أن بعض الإنزيمات والمنتجات النهائية للمسار الأيضي مثل مصل البيليروبين ، ألانين أمينو ترانسفيراز، أسبارتات أمينو ترانسفيراز ، نسبة الأمينو ترانسفيراز ، الفوسفاتيز القلوي ، جاما جلوتاميل ترانسفيراز ، 5 'نيوكليوتيداز، سيرولوبلازمين التي تعتبر حساسة للغاية لحدوث الشذوذ و يمكن اعتبارها علامة كيميائية حيوية بارزة لخلل في وظائف الكبد. كما لوحظ بشكل واضح أن فيروس كورونا المستجد المتلازمة التنفسية الحادة الوخيمة Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) قد أدى في الغالب إلى متلازمة الضائقة التنفسية ، ولكن في نفس الوقت تم توثيق إصابة الكبد أيضًا. في واقع الأمر ، فإن آلية إصابة الكبد محدودة وغير مفهومة بشكل جيد ، لذلك قد تكون الإصابة الكبدية نتيجة استجابة التهابية جهازية ، أو عدوى فيروسية لخلايا الكبد ، أو ناتجة عن علاج العناية المركزة أو الأدوية. تسمم . مستقبلات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين 2 (ACE2) ، والتي يتم توزيعها على نطاق واسع في الخلايا السنخية من النوع 2 ، هي المسار المقترح لمدخل الفيروس. من المثير للاهتمام أن نلاحظ أن مستقبلات الإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين 2 توجد في خلايا الكبد الصفراوية وبطانة الأوعية الدموية والجهاز الهضمي. كما لوحظت صور نسيجية متوافقة مع التغيرات الوعائية ، والتي تتميز بزيادة عدد فروع الوريد البابي المرتبطة بالتوسع الهائل في التجويف، والتخثر اللمعي الجزئي أو الكامل للأوعية البابية والجيوب الأنفية ، وتليف السبيل البابي ، والتضخم بشكل ملحوظ والتليف.The practical studies have already proved that  the laboratory liver tests are  highly  useful in the evaluation and treatment of patients with hepatic dysfunction. It has been found that  some of the enzymes and the end products of the metabolic pathway such as serum bilirubin, alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, ratio of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, 5’ nucleotidase, ceruloplasmin  that  are very sensitive for the abnormality occurred  may be considered as an outstanding  biochemical marker of liver dysfunction. It is noticed that  the novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection mostly leads to respiratory distress syndrome, at the same time  liver injury is also documented. As a matter of fact, the mechanism of liver injury is limited and poorly understood. Therefore, the hepatic injury  might be due to a consequence of systemic inflammatory response, viral infection of hepatocytes, or  it comes as a result of intensive care treatment or drug toxicity. The host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which are widely distributed in type 2 alveolar cells, are the proposed route of viral entrance. It is interesting to note that ACE2 receptors are found in the liver's cholangiocytes, vascular endothelium, and gastrointestinal tract.            Histological pictures compatible with vascular alterations are observed, characterized by  the increase in number of portal vein branches associated with lumen massive dilatation, partial or complete luminal thrombosis of portal and sinusoidal vessels, fibrosis of portal tract, focally markedly enlarged and fibrotic

Towards A Generic, Service-Oriented Framework for Distributed Real-Time Systems

REACTION 2012. 1st International workshop on Real-time and distributed computing in emerging applications. December 4th, 2012, San Juan, Puerto Rico.Continuously increasing complexity and scale of distributed real-time systems have exposed the limitations of their existing development methodologies. This fact is evident by the unsustainable rate of increase in the development and maintenance costs of such systems. In this paper, we present a generic, service-oriented framework for distributed real-time systems. The proposed framework can potentially serve as the basis for a widely applicable, cross-domain toolset, thus, decreasing the development and maintenance costs for distributed real-time systems. The proposed framework consists of a generic, service-oriented deployment platform that abstracts away the details of implementation platform and an associated development methodology. The proposed framework makes extensive use of the existing service-oriented technologies such as Web Services. However, it also extends these technologies for application to distributed real-time systems by introducing QoS-aware service deployment and service monitoring phases. This paper presents the details of the proposed framework as well as a case-study of the application of the proposed framework to the domain of smart gri

128-QAM Based mm-Wave Communication (5G) Architecture

Demand for bandwidth can never be fulfilled with any definite amount. Population is growing at a high speed which also causes an increase in the demand for bandwidth. Currently available bands ranging up-to 10 GHz is at the edge of saturation. So a newer and unutilized bandwidth is mandatory for the fulfillment of the increasing bandwidth demand. The millimeter wave band which is fully used. This band offers a wide range of bandwidth (30 GHz ~ 300 GHz). A slight part of this band, the E-band, has been used in the design of the 5G network proposed in this paper. Single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) and orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) have been proposed for the uplink and downlink multiple access respectively. A Rayleigh fading channel is used as the propagation environment along with considering different losses at sea level (T = 0 ˚C, P = 760 mm Hg, H2O = 1 gm/m3). 128-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) has been used as the principle modulation technique. Also, the use of adaptive beam-forming antennas ensure an increased coverage of about 2 km

Design of a PV system for a small boat for use in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a land of rivers, cannel, and lakes where water transportation is an important means of communication. The country use boats as one of the main resources of transportation in its widespread inland waterways. Most of the currently used boats use diesel for fuel. Appropriate use of renewable energy sources particularly solar energy could reduce diesel consumption. In this research, a typical boat energy requirement was calculated to be 13.6kWh/day. A boat could be driven by a DC motor using electrical power which is generated using an onboard PV system. The size of the boat is, length 5.5m, width 2m, and depth 1m with a carrying capacity of 900kg load for 10hours a day. The designed system consists of an 8.53kW, PV, onboard battery storage and a 48V DC motor with a speed controller. The paper also includes a dynamic model and Simulink simulation results

An adaptive reliable multicast protocol in ad hoc networks

Multicasting is an essential service for ad-hoc wireless networks. In multicast communication, many reliable multicast schemes were studied in order to overcome packet losses in the network. This paper describes our effort to build a Source Tree Reliable Multicast protocol for ad-hoc networks (STRM). STRM provides the delivery of an ordered contiguous sequence of data packets from one sender to many receivers in an ad-hoc network. It is designed to support applications based on bulk data transfer, like files, images and software packages. The core to its support of node mobility, and also what makes the protocol unique, is the dynamic selection of a sub set of 1-hop neighbors from the sender as its Forward Servers (FSs). The key idea behind selecting this sub set 1-hop neighbors is to forward the retransmit lost data packets that needed by some receivers to achieve higher throughput and to receive the ACK packet from receivers to avoid the ACK-implosion problem inherent in any reliable multicast scheme. Finally, simulation results show that the protocol has high delivery ratio and low end-to-end delay comparing with ReMHoc protocol

Transfer learning for histopathology images: an empirical study

Histopathology imaging is one of the key methods used to determine the presence of cancerous cells. However, determining the results from such medical images is a tedious task because of their size, which may cause a delay in results for days. Even though CNNs are widely used to analyze medical images, they can only learn short-term dependency and ignore long-term dependency, which could be crucial in processing higher dimensional histology images. Transformers, however, make use of a self-attention mechanism, which might be helpful to learn dependencies across an entire set of features. To process histology images, deep learning models require a large number of images, which is usually not available. Transfer learning, which is often used to deal with this issue, involves fine-tuning a trained model for use with medical images by adding features. In context, it is essential to analyze which CNNs or transformers are more conducive to transfer learning. In this study, we performed an empirical study to evaluate the performance of different pre-trained deep learning models for the classification of lung and colon cancer on histology images. Vision transformer and CNN models pre-trained on image-net are analyzed for the classification of histopathology images. We performed an experiment on the LC25000 dataset for the evaluation of models. The dataset consists of five classes, two belong to colon and three belong to lung cancer. The insights and observations obtained from an ablation study performed on different pre-trained models show vision transformers perform better than CNN based models for histopathology image classification using transfer learning. Moreover, the vision transformer with more layers of ViT-L32 performs better than ViTB32 with fewer layers

Analgesic synergism of gabapentin and carbamazepine in rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain

Purpose: To evaluate synergy in the analgesic effects of a combination therapy of carbamazepine (CBZ) and gabapentin (GBP) in diabetic neuropathic pain. Methods: Neuropathic pain was produced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at 60 mg/kg. CBZ, GBP, and their combination were orally administered at varying doses (GBP 30 - 180 mg/kg; CBZ 20 - 40 mg/kg) comparable to their therapeutic doses in humans. Nociceptive responses in the diabetic rats were assessed using hot plate test. Results: Hot plate latency significantly increased with oral administration of GBP at a dose of 180 mg/kg when compared with control group (p < 0.05), while at a dose of 90 mg/kg, the increase was not significant. Oral administration of CBZ at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg did not produce any significant impact on hot plate latency. However, a combination of GBP at 90 mg/kg and CBZ at 20 mg/kg produced significant increase in latency, compared with control group and other groups (p < 0.05), except the group that received 180 mg/kg GBP. The combination of low dose GBP 30 mg/kg and carbamazepine 30 mg/kg had no significant effect on latency (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results obtained in this study provide useful information on the combination therapy of GBP and CBZ, which may be applied in the treatment of pain in diabetic neuropathy

Studies on Polybenzimidazole and Methanesulfonate Protic-Ionic-Liquids-Based Composite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

Funding Information: This project was funded by the National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Award Number (2-17-01-001-0042). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.In the present work, different methanesulfonate-based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were synthesized and their structural characterization was performed using FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Their thermal behavior and stability were studied using DSC and TGA, respectively, and EIS was used to study the ionic conductivity of these PILs. The PIL, which was diethanolammonium-methanesulfonate-based due to its compatibility with polybenzimidazole (PBI) to form composite membranes, was used to prepare proton-conducting polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for prospective high-temperature fuel cell application. The prepared PEMs were further characterized using FTIR, DSC, TGA, SEM, and EIS. The FTIR results indicated good interaction among the PEM components and the DSC results suggested good miscibility and a plasticizing effect of the incorporated PIL in the PBI polymer matrix. All the PEMs showed good thermal stability and good proton conductivity for prospective high-temperature fuel cell application.publishersversionpublishe