Influence of palm oil fuel ash on fresh and mechanical properties of selfcompacting concrete

This paper presents experimental results of some fresh and hardened state properties of selfcompacting concrete (SCC) incorporating palm oil fuel ash (POFA). Three concrete mixes namely ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete i.e. concrete with 100% OPC as control, and concrete with 30% and 60% POFA having different water/binder (w/b) ratios of 0.4, 0.45 and 0.5 were prepared. Filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance of SCC along with strength properties were determined and compared with those of the OPC based SCC. Test results revealed that replacement of POFA in general decreased the workability of concrete with acceptable range. The compressive strength, however, increased with lower w/b ratio and lower replacement of ash. The splitting tensile and flexural strength values have also followed the same trend. The results obtained and the observation made in this study suggest that POFA can suitably be used as supplementary cementing material in SCC

I’TIBĀR AL MA'ALAT PRINCIPLES IN MUI FATWA NUMBER 14 OF 2020 CONCERNING ORGANIZATIONS OF WORSHIP IN SITUATIONS OF THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK

This study aims at examining the use the principle of i`tibar al ma'alat in the MUI fatwa number 14 of 2020 concerning the organization of worship in situations of the Covid-19 outbreak. MUI fatwa number 14 of 2020 forced most Muslims in Indonesia to worship out of the box. the results of the study it was found that the MUI in issuing fatwa number 14 of 2020 had considered the principle of i'tibar al ma'alat, the prohibition of worshiping in congregation in areas with high distribution potential was determined in order to anticipate the spread of the Covid-19 outbreak. However, the MUI does not generalize all regions, this is also done based on the principle of i'tibar al ma'alat to avoid the practice of tafrith to religious orders in the midst of societ

DEGRADATION, MECHANO-PHYSICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITES

This research aims to study the effects of degradation on mechanical, physical, and morphological properties of empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber- reinforced polyester composites. The unsaturated polyester resin has been used to produce thermoset polymer composites. The reinforcing effect in composites was evaluated at various fiber loadings, including an overall fiber content (by weight) of 20% and 40%. The mechanical (tensile, flexural, and impact) and physical (density, moisture content, and water absorption) properties were studied before and after the samples were buried in the soil for period of 12 months. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was conducted to visualize the effect of the quality of adhesion between the fibers and matrix. The soil burial investigation results revealed that EFB fiber-polyester composites showed highest degradation percentage as compared to polyester resin and fiberglass

Is It Possible to Perform Online Marriage during COVID-19 Outbreak?

This article aims to initiate on performing marriage contracts virtually during the co19 pandemic in Indonesia. This article adopts normative and empirical facts that occur among Muslims in Indonesia. An interesting result of this study state the teachings of Islamic jurisprudence allows do a marriage contract via online as discussed by classical clerics across schools. The consideration for the government and legislative body in the future should be to look again at the views of classical and contemporary scholars. Muslims must accept the fact that marriage in Indonesia no longer refers to the books of the clergy, but to the marriage law. Therefore, the book of scholars is used as a source for updating the marriage law for the understanding and benefit of Muslims. Without banging on religious and state polemics but integrating them into marriage laws relevant to space and tim

Pro-poor intervention strategies in irrigated agriculture in Asia: poverty in irrigated agriculture: issues and options: Bangladesh

Irrigated farming / Poverty / Irrigation management / Water resource management / Policy / Planning / Institutions / Organizations / Local government / Non-governmental organizations / Legislation / Water users / Participatory management / Public sector / Water allocation / Cost recovery / Households / Income / Expenditure / Irrigation canals / Bangladesh

Developing the Compiler to Upgrade Features of Object Oriented Programming (OO) C++

© ASEE 2011The latest deployment of emerging technologies with advances in internet and web enabled services change the style of conducting business and managing the daily life. The latest and faster technology has made the world as global village for exchanging the information and service delivery. However, developing the new software and interactive applications for these environments perpetuate to be more challenging and complex issue. To handle these complex tasks, many programming languages are developed to meet the requirements for all of the applications but flaws in programming languages are still continuing. With design and development of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) languages, handling the complexity issues associated with the design, development, maintaining the software and applications, have been controlled with some extend but not fully guaranteed goals are achieved. OOP provides the solution and satisfaction in form of encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, Class/Object and data abstraction. Despite of provision of such rich features, OOP has some minor flaws, which causes the weak performance. This paper introduces and handles the flaws of parsing related with C++ language. The major focus of the contribution is to improve an efficiency of parsing associated with current C++ parsers; such as delayed loop statements, nested multi-line Comments, friend functions boolean expression. To handle these issues, we introduce Java Compiler Compiler (Java-CC), which maintains the Lexical and the Parser. Java CC also provides the facility to write flexible coding and definitions in OOP C++. Second, we implement new concept of Java-CC and get the desired results. Finally, we conclude the paper and give the future directions to make C++ more richer language

Ab initio study of the structure, elastic, and electronic properties of Ti3(Al1−nSin)C2 layered ternary compounds

The MAX phase materials such as layered ternary carbides that simultaneously exhibit characteristics of metallic and ceramic materials have received substantial interest in recent years. Here, we present a systematic investigation of the electronic, structural stabilities, and elastic properties of Ti-3(Al1-nSin)C-2 (n=0,1) MAX phase materials using the ab initio method via a plane-wave pseudopotential approach within generalized-gradient-approximations. The computed electronic band structures and projected density of states show that both Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2 are metallic materials with a high density of states at the Fermi level emanating mainly from Ti-3d. Using the calculated elastic constants, the mechanical stability of the compounds was confirmed following the Born stability criteria for hexagonal structures. The Cauchy pressure and the Pugh's ratio values establish the brittle nature of the Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2 MAX phase materials. Due to their intriguing physical properties, these materials are expected to be suitable for applications such as thermal shock refractories and electrical contact coatings

Production, optimization, and physicochemical characterization of biodiesel from seed oil of indigenously grown Jatropha curcas

With the growing demand for vegetable oils, alternative non-edible feedstocks like Jatropha curcas seed oil have gained interest for biodiesel production. The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the physicochemical properties and biodiesel production potential of locally produced J. curcas seeds in Pakistan. Two different approaches were applied: a chemical synthesis approach involving acidic pretreatment and alkaline transesterification, and a biosynthetic approach using a lipase-producing strain of the Bacillus subtilis Q5 strain. The microbial biosynthesized biodiesel was further optimized using the Plackett–Burman design. The physicochemical properties of the J. curcas methyl esters were analyzed to assess their suitability as biodiesel fuel. Initially, the raw oil had a high free fatty acid content of 13.11%, which was significantly reduced to 1.2% using sulfuric acid pretreatment, keeping the oil to methanol molar ratio to be 1:12. Afterward, alkaline transesterification of purified acid-pretreated seed oil resulted in 96% biodiesel yield at an oil to methanol molar ratio of 1:6, agitation of 600 revolutions per minute (RPM), temperature 60°C, and time 2 h. Moreover, alkaline transesterification yielded ∼98% biodiesel at the following optimized conditions: oil to methanol molar ratio 1:6, KOH 1%, time 90 min, and temperature 60°C. Similarly, the Bacillus subtilis Q5 strain yielded ∼98% biodiesel at the following optimized conditions: oil: methanol ratio of 1:9, agitation 150 RPM, inoculum size 10%, temperature 37°C, and n-hexane 10%. The fuel properties of J. curcas seed biodiesel are closely related to standard values specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751–20a), indicating its potential as a viable biodiesel fuel source