ProtNN: Fast and Accurate Nearest Neighbor Protein Function Prediction based on Graph Embedding in Structural and Topological Space

Studying the function of proteins is important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of life. The number of publicly available protein structures has increasingly become extremely large. Still, the determination of the function of a protein structure remains a difficult, costly, and time consuming task. The difficulties are often due to the essential role of spatial and topological structures in the determination of protein functions in living cells. In this paper, we propose ProtNN, a novel approach for protein function prediction. Given an unannotated protein structure and a set of annotated proteins, ProtNN finds the nearest neighbor annotated structures based on protein-graph pairwise similarities. Given a query protein, ProtNN finds the nearest neighbor reference proteins based on a graph representation model and a pairwise similarity between vector embedding of both query and reference protein-graphs in structural and topological spaces. ProtNN assigns to the query protein the function with the highest number of votes across the set of k nearest neighbor reference proteins, where k is a user-defined parameter. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that ProtNN is able to accurately classify several datasets in an extremely fast runtime compared to state-of-the-art approaches. We further show that ProtNN is able to scale up to a whole PDB dataset in a single-process mode with no parallelization, with a gain of thousands order of magnitude of runtime compared to state-of-the-art approaches

Epidemiology of perinatal mortality in rural Burkina Faso: A community-based prospective cohort study

Background: Perinatal mortality is one of the major public health problems in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that over 6 millions infant deaths occur each year during the perinatal period either as stillbirths or early neonatal deaths. However, the accurate estimates on this burden are rare, especially in Africa where over 40% of all perinatal deaths take place. The lack of reliable data on PNMR in developing countries could be one of the reasons that make it invisible and therefore getting little attention from the funding agencies. We took the opportunity of the PROMISE-EBF trial, a randomized community-based study that aimed at assessing the effect of the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding by peer-counsellors on EBF rates and child morbidity at 12 weeks of age, to describe the magnitude of PNMR in Banfora health district, a rural area, South of Burkina Faso. Study objectives: To measure the PNMR in the EBF cohort in Banfora health district To identify potential risk factors for perinatal death in this cohort. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis on the datasets of the EBF study which was a cluster-randomized trial in 24 villages of Banfora with an intervention package consisting of one antenatal and 6 postnatal individual counselling sessions on EBF. Data of the two arms were considered as those of a single cohort and the PNMR, the stillbirth and the early neonatal mortality rates were estimated. In a multivariable logistic regression using baseline characteristics of the study participants as exposures and the perinatal death as outcome, we calculated crude and adjusted OR for perinatal death, stillbirth and early neonatal death. Covariates with an OR statistically significant (p<0.05) were considered as risk factors for PNMR. Results: 900 pregnant women were sampled for data collection in the EBF trial. Five women were excluded later (wrong inclusions) and 20 women got multiple births (20 pairs of twins), and were excluded from further follow-up. 875 women with a single birth were followed up to day 7 postpartum and included in the final analysis. The PNMR, the stillbirth and the early neonatal mortality rates, were 73.1‰ [95% CI: 55.8-90.4], 56‰ [95% CI:40.7-71.2], and 18.1‰ [95% CI:9-27.2], respectively. In the crude analysis, the young age of the mother (<20 years), the parity (nulliparous women), the season of birth (dry season), and the intervention appeared as the main risk factors for PNMR. In a multivariable logistic regression adjusting for all variables that were found to be important in the occurrence of perinatal deaths, we found that the young age of the mother (OR=2.93 95% CI:1.54-5.57), a birth during the dry season (OR=1.85 95% CI: 1.19-2.87), and the intervention (OR=2.16 95% CI:1.20-3.89) were factors that increased significantly the risk of perinatal death. The intention of the mother to not EBF the future baby had a marginal effect on PNMR (OR=1.55 95% CI:0.97-2.49) but a statistically significant effect on the risk of stillbirth (OR=1.90 95% CI:1.04-3.47). Conclusion: Our study showed the burden of perinatal deaths in a rural area in Burkina with the highest PNMR ever reported in this country. The risk factors identified in this study have been reported in previous studies except the intention of the mother to EBF that need further investigations.Master of philosophy in international healthMAMD-INTHINTH39

Framework para la Implementación de un Proyecto de la Arquitectura de Aplicación del Modelo Arquitectura Empresarial para la Gestión de la Trazabilidad Pecuaria

This article aims to use the framework Laravel for the development of a technology platform that allows implements one of the identified project in application architecture developed in the work of research called "Development of a model of enterprise architecture to manage the traceability of cattle livestock SMEs in Los Santos province, Panama”  the project has the title: Development and implementation of a software for the management and control of the livestock farms, articulated with the bovine traceability program. We have defined the data structure that is the model the different user views and controllers that allows communication between the layers of the model. All business will be sustainable and competitive if it is able to manage your information.  It is why among its benefits the project aims to achieve a competitive and sustainable sector with the use of ICT, and inform the program of group traceability and traceability of the processes currently running the Ministry of agricultural development (MIDA).  Articulate all the institutions that belong to the agricultural and livestock sector in the country.Keywords:  Framework, model view controller, business architecture, traceability

Association between Socio economic Factors and Contraceptive Use among Married Women in Guinea and Mali: An Examination of the Demographic and Health Survey Data 2018

Introduction: Unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions can seriously affect any sexually active women and have negative impacts on their personal and conjugal life, their families, and societies. unsafe abortions cause the death of thousands of women every year and lead millions more to suffer long-term reproductive problems, including infertility. Rarely any study has explored and compared the prevalence and associated factors of contraceptive use among married women in these two countries. AIM: Therefore, this study seeks to determine the association between socio economic factors and contraceptive use in two sub-Saharan African countries: Guinea and Mali. METHODS: Relevant data on contraceptive use among married women was extracted from the Guinean and Malian 2018 Demographic and Health Survey. Quantitative data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS STATISTICS version 28.0.1.1 RESULTS:89% of our respondents from Guinea and 85% of those from Mali were using no contraceptives. 35% of Malians had the intention to use it later against only 21% from Guinea and difference was statistically significant(p contraceptives (OR=1.37; 95% CI 1.26-1.49) as compared to Mali and the difference was statistically significant at p \u3c 0.001. This is a critical finding compared to the univariate analysis. The poorest are more likely to use contraceptives than other classes; followed by the poorer and the difference was statistically significant. DISCUSSION: In Guinea and Mali, wealth and education have been consistently found to be positively associated with contraceptive use. These findings are constant with previous studies indicating that wealth and education have been reliably found to be completely correlated contraceptive use [Budu et al., 2022]. This may be due to the fact that rich people have more access to health facilities and health education. These results strongly advocate that educational programs should target the poor and those with low educational attainment to encourage family planning

Analyse de l'exploration et de l'exploitation de gaz de shales au Québec dans une perspective de développement durable

Ce rapport est réalisé dans le cadre d’un essai en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de maîtrise en environnement. Il vise à déterminer si l’exploration et l’exploitation des gaz de shales peuvent s’inscrire dans la stratégie de développement durable du Québec. Le Québec n’est pas une province productrice de gaz naturel et son approvisionnement est totalement dépendant de l’Ouest canadien. Selon les études d’estimation, les sous-sols de certaines régions de la province contiennent de grandes quantités de gaz naturel, stockées dans des roches sédimentaires appelées shales. Pour pallier la diminution annoncée des exportations de gaz de l’Ouest canadien, le gouvernement a décidé de mettre en valeur ses ressources en gaz. Cette décision a fait réagir plusieurs citoyens et municipalités. Au Québec, l’exploration et l’exploitation des hydrocarbures sont encadrées principalement par la Loi sur les mines, qui a préséance sur les législations d’aménagement du territoire. Cette situation fait que les municipalités ne peuvent s’opposer à ces projets. En vertu de la Loi sur les mines, certains aspects de l’exploration et de l’exploitation échappent à plusieurs volets de la Loi sur la qualité de l’environnement. Le projet de mise en valeur des gaz de shales soulève plusieurs enjeux environnementaux et sociaux dont : les prélèvements de l’eau; la gestion des eaux usées et des déchets; la contamination des compartiments de l’environnement; les risques pour la santé et la sécurité de la population. De plus, le projet tel que présenté par l’industrie ne respecte pas plusieurs principes de la Loi sur le développement durable de la province du Québec. En vue de la considération des principes du développement durable dans ce projet, le gouvernement doit entre autres : mettre en place des redevances sur l’utilisation de l’eau; réévaluer les taux de redevances sur exploitation des hydrocarbures; exiger le traitement des déchets, des eaux usées et la compensation des émissions des gaz à effet de serre. L’exploration et l’exploitation doivent être considérées comme un projet global et assujetti à la procédure d’évaluation et d’examen des impacts sur l’environnement. L’industrie de gaz de shales peut contribuer à la création d’emplois et à l’amélioration de la balance commerciale du Québec. Cependant, les activités de cette industrie présentent plusieurs incertitudes, sur les impacts possibles, sur la santé et l’environnement

Méthodologie d'analyse des stationnements

RÉSUMÉ L’urbanisation et la forte motorisation de nos sociétés ont apporté de multiples défis aux acteurs chargés de la gestion urbaine, notamment par rapport à la mobilité des individus et à l’occupation des sols. La gestion du stationnement, qui fait le lien entre le domaine de l’urbanisme et le transport, s’avère être un des moyens indispensables de répondre à ces défis. Toutefois, plusieurs obstacles reliés à l’étude du stationnement en font un domaine peu couvert en matière de recherche en transport (Shoup, 2005a). Parmi ces obstacles, on peut citer les difficultés reliées à la collecte de données en stationnement comme le plus important. À Montréal, l’usage de données issues des enquêtes origine-destination (OD) dans la compréhension des phénomènes de mobilité constitue un avantage important. En effet, les données d’enquêtes OD recueillies à Montréal, depuis plus de quarante ans (Ministère des Transports du Québec, 2011a), sont une source de données importante donnant accès à une banque d’informations très utiles dans l’observation et l’analyse des comportements de mobilité des populations. Cette recherche vise à analyser la possibilité d’utiliser des données d’enquêtes OD, telles que celles utilisées à Montréal, pour étudier le stationnement. Ainsi, il été dégagé trois objectifs principaux qui sont : Proposer une méthode d’estimation des capacités de stationnement à partir des données d’enquêtes OD Proposer une méthode de validation de ces capacités par le biais d’outils SIG (systèmes d’information géographique) et de services tels que Google et OpenStreetMap. Étudier l’utilisation des espaces de stationnement selon les activités des usagers et leurs variabilités dans le temps. Un portrait de la situation est dressé grâce à une revue de littérature, avec une présentation des défis et des percées reliés au domaine de la gestion des stationnements. L’auteur y présente également des études effectuées dans le domaine, ainsi que les méthodes préalablement développées pour diverses études de stationnement.----------ABSTRACT Urbanization and the high motorisation of our societies have brought many challenges for those responsible for urban management, particularly in relation to the mobility of people and land use. Parking management, which makes the link between the field of urban planning and transportation, is proving to be crucial to meet these challenges. However, several obstacles related to the study of the phenomenon makes parking study an area poorly covered in transportation research (Shoup, 2005a). Difficulties related to parking data collection are among those obstacles. In Montreal, the use of data from origin-destination surveys in understanding the phenomena of mobility is an important advantage. Indeed, OD survey data collected in Montreal for over forty years (Ministère des Transports du Québec, 2011a), are an important data source which provide access to a bank of valuable information about travel behavior. This research study aims to analyze the possibility of using OD survey data, such as those used in Montreal to study the phenomenon of parking. The three main objectives are: To propose a method for estimating parking capacity from OD survey data. To propose a method of validating these capabilities through GIS tools (geographical information systems) and services such as Google and OpenStreetMap. To investigate the use of parking spaces according to users' activities and their variability over time. A portrait of the situation is compiled through a literature review with a discussion of challenges and breakthroughs related to the field of parking management. The author also presents studies in the field, and the methods previously developed for various parking studies